发电技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (1): 58-71.DOI: 10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.23168

• 新能源 • 上一篇    下一篇

车载供氢系统发展现状及展望

张杰1, 宋科1, 张瀚2, 曾云1, 郑鹏3   

  1. 1.石油天然气装备教育部重点实验室(西南石油大学),四川省 成都市 610500
    2.加拿大 ;阿尔伯塔大学机械工程系,埃德蒙顿 T6G2G8,加拿大
    3.风氢源科技(苏州)有限公司,江苏省 苏州市 215104
  • 收稿日期:2023-12-25 修回日期:2024-03-28 出版日期:2025-02-28 发布日期:2025-02-27
  • 作者简介:张杰(1987),男,博士,教授,主要从事清洁能源安全高效利用技术与装备、管道与压力容器服役安全等研究工作,Longmenshao@163.com
    宋科(2000),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为车载供氢系统、氢能装备设计与制造,2876967217@qq.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(52104223)

Development Status and Prospects of Onboard Hydrogen Supply Systems

Jie ZHANG1, Ke SONG1, Han ZHANG2, Yun ZENG1, Peng ZHENG3   

  1. 1.Key Laboratory of Oil & Gas Equipment of Ministry of Education (Southwest Petroleum University), Chengdu 610500, Sichuan Province, China
    2.Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton T6G2G8, Canada
    3.Wind Hydrogen Source Technology (Suzhou) Co. , Ltd. , Suzhou 215104, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2023-12-25 Revised:2024-03-28 Published:2025-02-28 Online:2025-02-27
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(52104223)

摘要:

目的 车载供氢系统作为氢燃料电池汽车的核心部件,如何实现供氢系统的氢气完全循环利用及提高氢气利用率,已成为制约氢燃料电池汽车发展的关键瓶颈之一,因此对车载供氢系统发展现状进行了分析。 方法 介绍了车载供氢系统的基本工作原理,概述了6种回氢循环供氢系统与2种非循环供氢系统模式的结构组成、工作原理和发展现状,对比了不同模式供氢系统的优缺点;梳理了车载供氢系统中储氢瓶、加氢模块、组合阀等关键部件的技术现状,并对减压阀、过流阀、手动阀等核心阀件发展现状进行了分析;最后,对车载供氢系统的发展趋势和攻关方向进行了展望。 结论 供氢系统循环模式是未来主要发展方向;先进信息技术、自动控制技术及智能决策算法等将逐步用于车载供氢系统;车载供氢系统各部件逐渐向轻量化、高可靠性、低成本、标准化和模块化方向发展。

关键词: 氢燃料电池, 氢能, 车载供氢系统, 回氢循环, 供氢模式, 储氢, 组合阀

Abstract:

Objectives The onboard hydrogen supply system serves as a core component of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. How to achieve complete hydrogen gas recycling and improve hydrogen utilization efficiency have become one of the key bottlenecks limiting the development of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles. Therefore, an analysis of the current development status of onboard hydrogen supply systems is conducted. Methods This paper introduces the basic working principles of onboard hydrogen supply systems, and summarizes the structure, working principles, and development status of six types of hydrogen-recycling supply systems and two types of non-recycling supply systems. The advantages and disadvantages of different hydrogen supply system modes are compared. The technical status of key components in onboard hydrogen supply systems, such as hydrogen storage cylinders, hydrogen refueling modules, and combination valves is reviewed. Additionally, the development status of core valves such as pressure relief valves, overcurrent valves, and manual valves is analyzed. Finally, the development trends and research directions for onboard hydrogen supply systems are discussed. Conclusions The recycling mode of hydrogen supply systems is the main development direction for the future. Advanced information technologies, automatic control technologies, and intelligent decision-making algorithms will be gradually applied to onboard hydrogen supply systems. The components of onboard hydrogen supply systems will gradually evolve towards lightweight, high reliability, low cost, standardization, and modularization.

Key words: hydrogen fuel cell, hydrogen energy, onboard hydrogen supply system, hydrogen recovery cycle, hydrogen supply modes, hydrogen storage, combination valves

中图分类号: