Research on Auto-Coupling PID Control Method of Firing Rate to Feed Water Ratio System of Supercritical Unit

doi:10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.23147

Abstract

Abstract:

Objectives Aiming at the problems of strong coupling, large load, and weak disturbance resistance in the firing rate to feed water ratio (FR/FW) control process of supercritical units, a new type of auto-coupling PI (ACPI) control method is proposed based on the theory of auto-coupling PID control. Methods The multivariable FR/FW system is equivalent to multiple single-variable closed-loop systems, and all complex factors such as the coupling, known or unknown internal dynamics, and external disturbances of the FR/FW system are defined as total disturbances. Then, the FR/FW control system is equivalently mapped to a linear disturbance system, and a controlled error system under total disturbance excitation is constructed. Based on this, a speed factor based ACPI controller is designed for each single variable system, and the robust stability and disturbance resistance of the control system are analyzed in the complex frequency domain theory. Results Compared with PI and active disturbance rejection control methods, the ACPI control method has fast response speed, dynamic quality without overshoot, and strong steady-state performance with strong disturbance resistance. Conclusions It is of great significance to improve the control accuracy and robustness of the FR/FW system in supercritical units.

Key words: thermal power generation, supercritical unit, firing rate to feed water ratio (FR/FW), auto-coupling PI (ACPI), velocity factor, robustness against disturbance

CLC Number:

TK 221

Guolin ZHANG, Zhezhao ZENG, Yuqi TANG. Research on Auto-Coupling PID Control Method of Firing Rate to Feed Water Ratio System of Supercritical Unit[J]. Power Generation Technology, 2025, 46(2): 344-352.

Figures/Tables 11

Fig. 1 FR/FW control principle

Fig. 2 Comparison of step response before and after reduced-order under 100% working condition

Fig. 3 Comparison of step response before and after reduced-order under 70% working condition

Fig. 4 FR/FW control structure of supercritical unit

Tab. 1 Parameters of controller simulation model

控制方法	工况类别	控制器	控制器参数
ACPI	100%工况	ACPI(1)	$t r 1 = 30$ ， $α 1 = 6$
	100%工况	ACPI(2)	$t r 2 = 3$ ， $α 2 = 2$
	70%工况	ACPI(1)	$t r 1 = 30$ ， $α 1 = 5$
	70%工况	ACPI(2)	$t r 2 = 3$ ， $α 2 = 2$
ADRC	100%工况	ADRC(1)	ESO参数： $β 11 = 0.95$ ， $β 12 = 9.5$ ， $β 13 = 95$ ， $δ 1 = 0.01$ ， $b 1 = 0.5$ 。TD参数： $r 1 = 0.003 5$ ， $h 1 = 0.5$ 。误差反馈控制率参数： $b = 0.5$ ， $β 4 = 30$ ， $β 5 = 20$ ， $δ = 1$
	100%工况	ADRC(2)	ESO参数与ADRC(1)一致。TD参数： $r 2 = 1.3$ ， $h 2 = 0.5$ 。误差反馈控制率参数： $b' = 0.5$ ， $β 4' = 20$ ， $β 5' = 30$ ， $δ' = 1$
	70%工况	ADRC(1)	$r 1 = 0.01$ ， $h 1 = 12$ ， $β 4 = 5$ ， $β 5 = 30$ ；其余参数与100%工况一致
	70%工况	ADRC(2)	$r 2 = 0.01$ ， $h 2 = 2$ ， $β 4' = 5$ ， $β 5' = 30$ ；其余参数与100%工况一致
PI	100%工况	PI(1)	比例控制力系数k_p=4，积分控制力系数k_i=0.5
	100%工况	PI(2)	k_p=3，k_i=0.6
	70%工况	PI(1)	k_p=6，k_i=0.2
	70%工况	PI(2)	k_p=2，k_i=0.1

Tab. 1 Parameters of controller simulation model

控制方法	工况类别	控制器	控制器参数
ACPI	100%工况	ACPI(1)	$t r 1 = 30$ ， $α 1 = 6$
	100%工况	ACPI(2)	$t r 2 = 3$ ， $α 2 = 2$
	70%工况	ACPI(1)	$t r 1 = 30$ ， $α 1 = 5$
	70%工况	ACPI(2)	$t r 2 = 3$ ， $α 2 = 2$
ADRC	100%工况	ADRC(1)	ESO参数： $β 11 = 0.95$ ， $β 12 = 9.5$ ， $β 13 = 95$ ， $δ 1 = 0.01$ ， $b 1 = 0.5$ 。TD参数： $r 1 = 0.003 5$ ， $h 1 = 0.5$ 。误差反馈控制率参数： $b = 0.5$ ， $β 4 = 30$ ， $β 5 = 20$ ， $δ = 1$
	100%工况	ADRC(2)	ESO参数与ADRC(1)一致。TD参数： $r 2 = 1.3$ ， $h 2 = 0.5$ 。误差反馈控制率参数： $b' = 0.5$ ， $β 4' = 20$ ， $β 5' = 30$ ， $δ' = 1$
	70%工况	ADRC(1)	$r 1 = 0.01$ ， $h 1 = 12$ ， $β 4 = 5$ ， $β 5 = 30$ ；其余参数与100%工况一致
	70%工况	ADRC(2)	$r 2 = 0.01$ ， $h 2 = 2$ ， $β 4' = 5$ ， $β 5' = 30$ ；其余参数与100%工况一致
PI	100%工况	PI(1)	比例控制力系数k_p=4，积分控制力系数k_i=0.5
	100%工况	PI(2)	k_p=3，k_i=0.6
	70%工况	PI(1)	k_p=6，k_i=0.2
	70%工况	PI(2)	k_p=2，k_i=0.1

Fig. 5 Simulation diagram of 100% load unit step response

Fig. 6 Simulation diagram of 70% load unit step response

Tab. 2 Performance indicators of response speed

工况类别	性能指标	控制方法
工况类别	性能指标	ACPI	ADRC	PI
100%工况	H达到稳态时间/s	20	30	40
100%工况	p达到稳态时间/s	3	4	5
70%工况	H达到稳态时间/s	30	100	120
70%工况	p达到稳态时间/s	5	30	10

Fig. 7 Simulation diagram of 100% load resistance to disturbance

Fig. 8 Simulation diagram of 70% load resistance to disturbance

Tab. 3 Performance indicators of resistance to disturbance

工况类别	性能指标	控制方法
工况类别	性能指标	ACPI	ADRC	PI
100%工况	H达到稳态时间/s	2	3	40
100%工况	p达到稳态时间/s	1	4	5
70%工况	H达到稳态时间/s	1	30	100
70%工况	p达到稳态时间/s	1	10	50

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