Experimental Study on the Influence of Wind Turbine Yaw on Wake Evolution

doi:10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.23062

Abstract

Abstract:

Objectives The wake of wind turbine affects the overall power output of wind farm. The analysis of wake characteristics is the key to study the influence of yaw control on wake. Therefore, the effects of different yaw angles of the upstream wind turbine on the wake characteristics (such as turbulence integral scale, power spectral density, etc. ) and the eddy current motion in the wake were studied, to understand the wake characteristics of the wind turbine under yaw conditions. Methods The wind tunnel was used to study the evolution law of the downstream wake of the wind turbine at 0°, 15° and 30° yaw angles. The turbulence integral scale and power spectral density were used to describe the wake characteristics, and the correlation between different feature points was analyzed. Results The yaw angle has little effect on the horizontal wake, and the turbulence integral scale does not change much. The turbulent integral scale in the vertical direction has large fluctuations at different yaw angles. Through the analysis of the power spectral density, the contribution of eddy current motion to the turbulent kinetic energy of the wake is further quantified. The incoming current at 0° yaw is less disturbed by the rotation of the wind turbine than that at 15°. However, the increase of yaw angle does not always lead to an increase in the damage degree of wind turbines to the incoming current, and the decoupling effect on the incoming vortex structure at 30° is smaller than that at 15°. Conclusions There is a significant difference in the influence of yaw angle on the horizontal and vertical directions of wind turbine wake. The power spectral density analysis provides a quantitative basis for understanding the contribution of eddy current motion to the turbulent kinetic energy of the wake, which is helpful for in-depth study of the energy transfer and flow mechanism in the wake. There is not a simple positive correlation between the yaw angle and the disturbance and decoupling of the wind turbine on the incoming stream, which provides a reference for the optimal operation of the wind turbine and the layout of the wind farm.

Key words: renewable energy, wind power, wind turbine, wake, turbulence, evolution, yaw control, wind tunnel experiment

CLC Number:

TK 83

Lidong ZHANG, Hao TIE, Huiwen LIU, Qinwei LI, Wenxin TIAN, Xiuyong ZHAO, Zihan CHANG. Experimental Study on the Influence of Wind Turbine Yaw on Wake Evolution[J]. Power Generation Technology, 2024, 45(6): 1153-1162.

Figures/Tables 10

Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of experimental setup

Fig. 2 Experimental prototype

Fig. 3 Characteristics of incoming shear flow profile

Fig. 4 Velocity distribution at the same positions in the vertical direction

Fig. 5 Distribution curves of turbulence integral length

Fig. 6 Power spectral density of axial velocity at the tip of the upper leaf

Fig. 7 Power spectral density of axial velocity of the lower blade tip

Fig. 8 Vertical direction characteristics of stream-wise velocity premultiplied power spectral density at x/dT =5

Fig. 9 Correlation analysis of flow field at x/dT=5 behind the top and bottom tips

Fig. 10 Correlation analysis of flow field at hub and other vertical positions at x/dT=5

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