Power Generation Technology ›› 2024, Vol. 45 ›› Issue (6): 1121-1134.DOI: 10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.23077
• Carbon Neutrality • Previous Articles
Changhong ZHAO1,2, Lilin ZHANG1, Yunshu SHAO3, Jiahai YUAN1,2, Yilu DENG1
Received:
2023-12-17
Revised:
2024-03-12
Published:
2024-12-31
Online:
2024-12-30
Supported by:
CLC Number:
Changhong ZHAO, Lilin ZHANG, Yunshu SHAO, Jiahai YUAN, Yilu DENG. Research on Low Carbon Information Disclosure and Low Carbon Transition Efficiency of Listed Power Generation Companies[J]. Power Generation Technology, 2024, 45(6): 1121-1134.
变量类型 | 指标 | 变量定义 |
---|---|---|
被解释变量 | CI | 碳排放强度,二氧化碳排放量/总营业收入,衡量环境绩效,即低碳转型效率 |
Technology | 低碳技术关键词比例,用于机制分析 | |
Energy | 低碳能源关键词比例,用于机制分析 | |
Transition | 转型发展关键词比例,用于机制分析 | |
New business | 新模式新业态关键词比例,用于机制分析 | |
Ce | 度电碳排放因子(carbon emission factor),碳排放量/总发电量,衡量环境绩效,替代解释低碳转型效率 | |
解释变量 | TTD | 低碳转型关键词占年报全文总词数的比例,衡量低碳转型文本信息披露水平 |
TTD1 | 低碳转型关键词总词数,替代解释低碳转型文本信息披露水平 | |
工具变量 | TTD_Ave | 低碳转型文本信息披露水平均值(transition text disclosure average,TTD_Ave) |
控制变量 | Size | 公司规模,总资产取对数 |
Lev | 资产负债率 | |
ROA | 总资产收益率 | |
Top1 | 第一大股东持股比例 | |
Idr | 独立董事占比 | |
Company | 企业虚拟变量,控制个体效应 | |
Year | 年度虚拟变量,控制时间效应 |
Tab. 1 Variable definition
变量类型 | 指标 | 变量定义 |
---|---|---|
被解释变量 | CI | 碳排放强度,二氧化碳排放量/总营业收入,衡量环境绩效,即低碳转型效率 |
Technology | 低碳技术关键词比例,用于机制分析 | |
Energy | 低碳能源关键词比例,用于机制分析 | |
Transition | 转型发展关键词比例,用于机制分析 | |
New business | 新模式新业态关键词比例,用于机制分析 | |
Ce | 度电碳排放因子(carbon emission factor),碳排放量/总发电量,衡量环境绩效,替代解释低碳转型效率 | |
解释变量 | TTD | 低碳转型关键词占年报全文总词数的比例,衡量低碳转型文本信息披露水平 |
TTD1 | 低碳转型关键词总词数,替代解释低碳转型文本信息披露水平 | |
工具变量 | TTD_Ave | 低碳转型文本信息披露水平均值(transition text disclosure average,TTD_Ave) |
控制变量 | Size | 公司规模,总资产取对数 |
Lev | 资产负债率 | |
ROA | 总资产收益率 | |
Top1 | 第一大股东持股比例 | |
Idr | 独立董事占比 | |
Company | 企业虚拟变量,控制个体效应 | |
Year | 年度虚拟变量,控制时间效应 |
变量 | 绝对值 | 平均值 | 标准差 | 最小值 | 最大值 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CI | 212 | 16.141 | 7.173 | 2.681 | 34.936 |
TTD | 212 | 19.098 | 5.922 | 6.901 | 43.026 |
Size | 212 | 6.366 | 1.192 | 2.758 | 8.522 |
Lev | 212 | 62.565 | 15.241 | 32.090 | 111.200 |
ROA | 212 | 1.288 | 3.400 | -13.780 | 9.160 |
Top1 | 212 | 47.137 | 15.246 | 16.210 | 75.610 |
Idr | 212 | 36.887 | 6.406 | 22.222 | 60.000 |
Tab. 2 Descriptive statistics for main variables
变量 | 绝对值 | 平均值 | 标准差 | 最小值 | 最大值 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
CI | 212 | 16.141 | 7.173 | 2.681 | 34.936 |
TTD | 212 | 19.098 | 5.922 | 6.901 | 43.026 |
Size | 212 | 6.366 | 1.192 | 2.758 | 8.522 |
Lev | 212 | 62.565 | 15.241 | 32.090 | 111.200 |
ROA | 212 | 1.288 | 3.400 | -13.780 | 9.160 |
Top1 | 212 | 47.137 | 15.246 | 16.210 | 75.610 |
Idr | 212 | 36.887 | 6.406 | 22.222 | 60.000 |
参数 | CI(1) | CI(2) |
---|---|---|
TTD | -0.315***(-4.30) | -0.188***(-2.65) |
Size | -4.491***(-4.21) | |
Lev | 0.060(1.41) | |
ROA | 0.337**(3.75) | |
Top1 | 0.058(1.14) | |
Idr | -0.034(-0.76) | |
Constant | 22.161***(15.68) | 42.621***(7.10) |
Adj.R2 | 0.093 | 0.263 |
N | 212 | 212 |
Company | 控制 | 控制 |
Year | 控制 | 控制 |
Tab. 3 Information disclosure and low carbon transition efficiency of listed power generation companies
参数 | CI(1) | CI(2) |
---|---|---|
TTD | -0.315***(-4.30) | -0.188***(-2.65) |
Size | -4.491***(-4.21) | |
Lev | 0.060(1.41) | |
ROA | 0.337**(3.75) | |
Top1 | 0.058(1.14) | |
Idr | -0.034(-0.76) | |
Constant | 22.161***(15.68) | 42.621***(7.10) |
Adj.R2 | 0.093 | 0.263 |
N | 212 | 212 |
Company | 控制 | 控制 |
Year | 控制 | 控制 |
参数 | 高信息质量CI(1) | 低信息质量CI(2) |
---|---|---|
组间系数差异检验(P值) | 4.59**(0.032) | |
TTD | -0.667***(-6.23) | -0.102(0.09) |
Size | -2.469***(-2.78) | -1.015(1.05) |
Lev | 0.218***(3.67) | -0.022(0.05) |
ROA | 0.451***(2.76) | 0.206*(0.11) |
Top1 | -0.009(-0.17) | 0.059(0.07) |
Idr | -0.023(0.37) | -0.109*(0.06) |
Constant | 31.987***(4.21) | 26.633***(6.98) |
Adj.R2 | 0.485 | 0.196 |
N | 104 | 108 |
Company | 控制 | 控制 |
Year | 控制 | 控制 |
Tab. 4 Accounting information quality difference analysis
参数 | 高信息质量CI(1) | 低信息质量CI(2) |
---|---|---|
组间系数差异检验(P值) | 4.59**(0.032) | |
TTD | -0.667***(-6.23) | -0.102(0.09) |
Size | -2.469***(-2.78) | -1.015(1.05) |
Lev | 0.218***(3.67) | -0.022(0.05) |
ROA | 0.451***(2.76) | 0.206*(0.11) |
Top1 | -0.009(-0.17) | 0.059(0.07) |
Idr | -0.023(0.37) | -0.109*(0.06) |
Constant | 31.987***(4.21) | 26.633***(6.98) |
Adj.R2 | 0.485 | 0.196 |
N | 104 | 108 |
Company | 控制 | 控制 |
Year | 控制 | 控制 |
参数 | 100%火电CI(1) | 非100%火电CI(2) |
---|---|---|
TTD | -0.185(-1.51) | -0.172*(-1.93) |
Size | -5.538**(-2.44) | -3.979***(-3.23) |
Lev | 0.066(1.15) | 0.084(1.48) |
ROA | 0.312***(3.08) | 0.367***(2.91) |
Top1 | 0.100(1.35) | 0.028(0.44) |
Idr | -0.121(-1.66) | -0.011(-0.19) |
Constant | 46.016***(4.04) | 38.842***(5.29) |
Adj.R2 | 0.205 | 0.460 |
N | 55 | 157 |
Company | 控制 | 控制 |
Year | 控制 | 控制 |
Tab. 5 Power supply structure difference analysis
参数 | 100%火电CI(1) | 非100%火电CI(2) |
---|---|---|
TTD | -0.185(-1.51) | -0.172*(-1.93) |
Size | -5.538**(-2.44) | -3.979***(-3.23) |
Lev | 0.066(1.15) | 0.084(1.48) |
ROA | 0.312***(3.08) | 0.367***(2.91) |
Top1 | 0.100(1.35) | 0.028(0.44) |
Idr | -0.121(-1.66) | -0.011(-0.19) |
Constant | 46.016***(4.04) | 38.842***(5.29) |
Adj.R2 | 0.205 | 0.460 |
N | 55 | 157 |
Company | 控制 | 控制 |
Year | 控制 | 控制 |
参数 | CI(1) | CI(2) | CI(3) | CI(4) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Technology | 0.712*** (3.21) | |||
Energy | -0.247*** (-3.14) | |||
Transition | -0.337 (-1.45) | |||
New business | -1.097** (-2.59) | |||
Size | -4.633*** (-4.47) | -4.635*** (-4.46) | -4.78*** (-4.39) | -4.094*** (-3.66) |
Lev | 0.068 (1.60) | 0.067 (1.59) | 0.051 (1.16) | 0.075* (1.74) |
ROA | 0.328*** (3.67) | 0.345*** (3.87) | 0.321*** (3.43) | 0.364*** (4.04) |
Top1 | 0.081 (1.58) | 0.078 (1.51) | 0.044 (0.83) | 0.053 (1.03) |
Idr | -0.032 (-0.70) | -0.033 (-0.73) | -0.037 (-0.80) | -0.037 (-0.81) |
Constant | 35.68*** (5.54) | 41.521*** (6.94) | 43.099*** (7.08) | 36.762*** (5.59) |
Adj.R2 | 0.276 | 0.274 | 0.242 | 0.262 |
N | 212 | 212 | 212 | 212 |
Company | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 |
Year | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 |
Tab.6 Low carbon transition disclosure dimension analysis
参数 | CI(1) | CI(2) | CI(3) | CI(4) |
---|---|---|---|---|
Technology | 0.712*** (3.21) | |||
Energy | -0.247*** (-3.14) | |||
Transition | -0.337 (-1.45) | |||
New business | -1.097** (-2.59) | |||
Size | -4.633*** (-4.47) | -4.635*** (-4.46) | -4.78*** (-4.39) | -4.094*** (-3.66) |
Lev | 0.068 (1.60) | 0.067 (1.59) | 0.051 (1.16) | 0.075* (1.74) |
ROA | 0.328*** (3.67) | 0.345*** (3.87) | 0.321*** (3.43) | 0.364*** (4.04) |
Top1 | 0.081 (1.58) | 0.078 (1.51) | 0.044 (0.83) | 0.053 (1.03) |
Idr | -0.032 (-0.70) | -0.033 (-0.73) | -0.037 (-0.80) | -0.037 (-0.81) |
Constant | 35.68*** (5.54) | 41.521*** (6.94) | 43.099*** (7.08) | 36.762*** (5.59) |
Adj.R2 | 0.276 | 0.274 | 0.242 | 0.262 |
N | 212 | 212 | 212 | 212 |
Company | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 |
Year | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 |
参数 | CI(1) | Ce(2) | Ce(3) |
---|---|---|---|
TTD1 | -0.009***(-5.97) | -0.211***(-4.87) | |
TTD | -6.892***(-5.05) | ||
Size | -1.226(-1.05) | -35.792***(-5.27) | -15.782**(-1.98) |
Lev | 0.038(0.95) | 0.780(0.97) | 0.859(1.06) |
ROA | 0.203**(2.33) | -11.543***(-2.94) | -11.422***(-2.89) |
Top1 | 0.053(1.11) | 2.515***(4.57) | 1.801***(2.97) |
Idr | -0.025(-0.58) | 0.588(0.49) | 2.427 8(1.92) |
Constant | 23.791(3.67) | 914.101***(10.03) | 685.922***(10.20) |
Adj.R2 | 0.363 | 0.406 | 0.401 |
N | 212 | 212 | 212 |
Company | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 |
Year | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 |
Tab. 7 Robustness test results
参数 | CI(1) | Ce(2) | Ce(3) |
---|---|---|---|
TTD1 | -0.009***(-5.97) | -0.211***(-4.87) | |
TTD | -6.892***(-5.05) | ||
Size | -1.226(-1.05) | -35.792***(-5.27) | -15.782**(-1.98) |
Lev | 0.038(0.95) | 0.780(0.97) | 0.859(1.06) |
ROA | 0.203**(2.33) | -11.543***(-2.94) | -11.422***(-2.89) |
Top1 | 0.053(1.11) | 2.515***(4.57) | 1.801***(2.97) |
Idr | -0.025(-0.58) | 0.588(0.49) | 2.427 8(1.92) |
Constant | 23.791(3.67) | 914.101***(10.03) | 685.922***(10.20) |
Adj.R2 | 0.363 | 0.406 | 0.401 |
N | 212 | 212 | 212 |
Company | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 |
Year | 控制 | 控制 | 控制 |
参数 | 第一阶段TTD | 第二阶段CI |
---|---|---|
TTD | -1.694***(-3.03) | |
TTD_Ave | 0.585***(3.21) | |
Controls | YES | |
Company | YES | |
Year | YES | |
N | 212 | |
不可识别检验 | 10.06*** | |
一阶段F值 | 10.29 |
Tab.8 Instrumental variable regression results
参数 | 第一阶段TTD | 第二阶段CI |
---|---|---|
TTD | -1.694***(-3.03) | |
TTD_Ave | 0.585***(3.21) | |
Controls | YES | |
Company | YES | |
Year | YES | |
N | 212 | |
不可识别检验 | 10.06*** | |
一阶段F值 | 10.29 |
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