Recent Developments on the Application of Chloride Molten Salt Heat Storage Technology to New Energy Power Generation

doi:10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.24057

Abstract

Abstract:

Objectives Under the background of “double carbon”, molten salt thermal storage technology has been developed rapidly. Chloride molten salt has been used in solar thermal power generation and renewable energy peaking due to its advantages of good energy storage density, wide operating temperature range and low cost, therefore, the research progress of chloride molten salts in the field of new energy power generation is reviewed. Methods This work reviews domestic and international research on chloride molten salt materials, summarizes the methods to improve the thermal conductivity of chloride molten salts, outlines the measurement and regulation ways for the phase change behavior of chloride molten salts, and describes the corrosion studies on chloride molten salts. The application of chloride molten salt in the fields of photovoltaic power generation, new energy consumption and thermal power plant renovation is highlighted. It is pointed out that photovoltaic power generation is an important application of chloride molten salt in large-scale energy storage, and renewable energy consumption is a new strategy for the application of chloride molten salt. Finally, it outlooks the problems that need to be solved in the future development of chloride molten salt heat storage technology. Conclusions The development of alloy materials capable of withstanding high temperatures and corrosive environments, the exploration of cost-effective corrosion control technologies, and the collaborative development of chloride molten salt purification and corrosion mitigation methods are proposed as key issues for the commercialization of molten salt thermal storage technology.　The transformation and upgrading of traditional energy systems by adopting molten salt thermal storage technology to realize clean and efficient energy utilization is an important trend in the future development of the energy field.

Key words: new energy, energy storage, solar energy, chloride molten salt, photothermal power generation, phase change heat storage, thermal conductivity, corrosion

CLC Number:

TK 02

Bo ZOU, Jiandi REN, Daoming XU, Lisheng DENG, Lida LIAO, Junbing XIAO. Recent Developments on the Application of Chloride Molten Salt Heat Storage Technology to New Energy Power Generation[J]. Power Generation Technology, 2025, 46(5): 872-884.

Figures/Tables 12

References 67

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熔盐种类	熔点/℃	相变潜热/(J⋅g^-1)	热分解温度/℃	导热系数/(W⋅m^-1⋅℃^-1)	比热容/(J⋅g^-1⋅℃^-1)	黏度/(mPa⋅s)	来源
52%MgCl₂-48%NaCl	450.0	430.0	—	0.95	0.92	—	文献[15]
64%MgCl₂-36%KCl	470.0	388.0	—	0.83	0.84	—
39%MgCl₂-61%NaCl	435.0	351.0	—	0.81	0.80	—
33%NaCl-67%CaCl₂	500.0	281.0	—	1.02	0.84	—
50%KCl-50%LiCl	354.9	219.9	—	0.42	0.44	1.15	文献[16]
10%KCl-90%LiCl	354.8	62.7	—	—	—	—	文献[16]
49%NaCl-51%CaCl₂	499.2	152.6	550	—	0.85	<5	文献[17]
50%LiCl-50%NaCl	578.7	320.2	—	—	—	—	文献[18]
50%LiCl-50%NaCl	523.5	320.2	—	—	—	—	文献[19]

熔盐种类	熔点/℃	相变潜热/(J⋅g^-1)	热分解温度/℃	导热系数/(W⋅m^-1⋅℃^-1)	比热容/(J⋅g^-1⋅℃^-1)	黏度/(mPa⋅s)	来源
52%MgCl₂-48%NaCl	450.0	430.0	—	0.95	0.92	—	文献[15]
64%MgCl₂-36%KCl	470.0	388.0	—	0.83	0.84	—
39%MgCl₂-61%NaCl	435.0	351.0	—	0.81	0.80	—
33%NaCl-67%CaCl₂	500.0	281.0	—	1.02	0.84	—
50%KCl-50%LiCl	354.9	219.9	—	0.42	0.44	1.15	文献[16]
10%KCl-90%LiCl	354.8	62.7	—	—	—	—	文献[16]
49%NaCl-51%CaCl₂	499.2	152.6	550	—	0.85	<5	文献[17]
50%LiCl-50%NaCl	578.7	320.2	—	—	—	—	文献[18]
50%LiCl-50%NaCl	523.5	320.2	—	—	—	—	文献[19]

熔盐种类	熔点/℃	相变潜热/ (J⋅g^-1)	热分解温度/℃	导热系数/(W⋅m^-1⋅℃^-1)	比热容/(J∙g^-1⋅℃^-1)	黏度/(mPa⋅s)	来源
10%NaCl-50%KCl-40%LiCl	356.9	189.4	—	—	—	—	文献[16]
41.72%NaCl-52.16%CaCl₂-6.12%KCl	503.8	169.2	550	—	—	—	文献[20]
59.79%KCl-11.63%CaCl₂-28.58%MgCl₂	427.3	164.1	480	—	—	3.0~4.0	文献[20]
5.57%LiCl-13.14%NaCl-81.29%ZnCl₂	221.9	110.2	544.9	—	1.06	—	文献[21]
39.05%NaCl-14.94%CaCl₂-46.01%ZnCl₂	371.9	166.5	610.9	—	0.94	—	文献[21]
3.14%LiCl-4.82%NaCl-27.10%KCl-64.94%ZnCl₂	169.7	60.9	510.0	0.42	0.94	—	文献[22]
3.17%LiCl-5.68%NaCl-12.65%KCl-78.50%ZnCl₂	168.9	73.1	500.2	0.46	0.89	—	文献[22]
5%LiCl-30.21%NaCl-15.96%KCl-43.42%MgCl₂-5.70 %CaCl₂	356.5	150.9	600	0.021 3	1.21	2.56	文献[23]

熔盐种类	熔点/℃	相变潜热/ (J⋅g^-1)	热分解温度/℃	导热系数/(W⋅m^-1⋅℃^-1)	比热容/(J∙g^-1⋅℃^-1)	黏度/(mPa⋅s)	来源
10%NaCl-50%KCl-40%LiCl	356.9	189.4	—	—	—	—	文献[16]
41.72%NaCl-52.16%CaCl₂-6.12%KCl	503.8	169.2	550	—	—	—	文献[20]
59.79%KCl-11.63%CaCl₂-28.58%MgCl₂	427.3	164.1	480	—	—	3.0~4.0	文献[20]
5.57%LiCl-13.14%NaCl-81.29%ZnCl₂	221.9	110.2	544.9	—	1.06	—	文献[21]
39.05%NaCl-14.94%CaCl₂-46.01%ZnCl₂	371.9	166.5	610.9	—	0.94	—	文献[21]
3.14%LiCl-4.82%NaCl-27.10%KCl-64.94%ZnCl₂	169.7	60.9	510.0	0.42	0.94	—	文献[22]
3.17%LiCl-5.68%NaCl-12.65%KCl-78.50%ZnCl₂	168.9	73.1	500.2	0.46	0.89	—	文献[22]
5%LiCl-30.21%NaCl-15.96%KCl-43.42%MgCl₂-5.70 %CaCl₂	356.5	150.9	600	0.021 3	1.21	2.56	文献[23]