Techno-Economic Analysis of Photovoltaic-Concentrating Solar Power Hybrid System for Thermal Energy Storage of Electricity Curtailment

doi:10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.24060

Abstract

Abstract:

Objectives The photovoltaic-concentrating solar power (PV-CSP) hybrid system combines the advantages of low cost of PV and high dispatchability of CSP, but it also faces the common problems of electricity curtailment and low utilization rate of energy storage. In order to realize the utilization of PV electricity rejection as the thermal energy storage, a new type of PV-CSP hybrid system (PV-CSP-EH) integrated with an electric heater (EH) is proposed. Methods By constructing a quasi-steady-state model for the proposed PV-CSP-EH hybrid system, the annual operation characteristics of the system are analyzed at one-hour intervals. Through parametric analysis and Pareto optimization model, the performance variation law and the optimal parameters of levelized cost of electricity (LCOE) under different system configurations are obtained. Results Compared with the traditional PV-CSP hybrid system, the annual power generation and penetration of PV-CSP-EH hybrid system are increased by 8.2% and 16.2%, respectively. Moreover, the annual electricity curtailment of PV-CSP-EH hybrid system is only 2 GW⋅h, and its power recovery and conversion rates reach 94.1% and 35.2%, respectively. Under the optimal configuration, the LCOE of PV-CSP-EH hybrid system can be as low as $0.138/(kW⋅h), which is 6.8% lower than that of the traditional PV-CSP hybrid system. Conclusions PV-CSP-EH hybrid system can improve the power generation and penetration capacity, significantly reduce the electricity curtailment, optimize the problem of wind and solar curtailment in a more economical way, and contribute to the construction of a new power system.

Key words: photovoltaic (PV), concentrating solar power(CSP), energy storage, new power system, electrical heater, electricity curtailment, Pareto optimization, levelized cost of electricity (LCOE)

CLC Number:

TK 51

Jiajia LIU, Xing JU. Techno-Economic Analysis of Photovoltaic-Concentrating Solar Power Hybrid System for Thermal Energy Storage of Electricity Curtailment[J]. Power Generation Technology, 2025, 46(4): 807-817.

Figures/Tables 17

Fig. 1 Schematic diagram of PV-CSP-EH hybrid system

Tab. 1 Main parameters of SEGS Ⅵ plant

参数	数值
镜场面积/m²	188 000
聚光器类型	LS-2
太阳倍率	1.25
镜场出口温度/℃	390
汽轮机功率/MW	35
蒸汽压力/MPa	10

Fig. 2 Model validation curves of PV and CSP systems

Fig. 3 Annual weather data of Zhangbei

Fig. 4 Power load curve of Zhangbei

Tab. 2 Main costs of PV-CSP-EH hybrid system

项目	成本项	数值
CSP	镜场成本/(美元/m²)	235
	TES成本/[美元/(kW⋅h)]	31.4
	发电机组成本/(美元/kW)	910
	辅助设备成本/(美元/kW)	90
PV	光伏组件成本/(美元/kW)	238.6
PV	逆变器成本/(美元/kW)	60
电加热装置	电加热成本/(美元/kW)	100
间接成本	土地成本/(美元/m²)	2.47
间接成本	运维成本/(美元/kW)	65

Fig. 5 Weather changes on spring equinox day

Tab. 3 Calculation parameters and generated power of PV-CSP-EH hybrid system

项目	参数	数值
计算参数	PV发电系统规模/MW	65
	CSP系统规模/MW	35
	镜场倍率	1.25
	储热规模/h	5
发电量	传统发电量/(MW⋅h)	204.2
发电量	电加热发电量/(MW⋅h)	260.3

Fig. 6 Changes of system generated power on vernal equinox day

Fig. 7 Monthly generated power of hybrid system

Fig. 8 Monthly rejected electricity of hybrid system

Fig. 9 Effect of TES capacity on generated power and permeability

Fig. 10 Effect of PV capacity on generated power and permeability

Tab. 4 Parameter configuration of optimization model

参数	选取范围	参数间隔
PV功率/MW	[0, 100]	5
TES规模/h	[1, 20]	1
EH功率/MW	[5, 30]	5

Fig. 11 Variations of LCOE of PV-CSP hybrid system with different configurations

Fig. 12 Variations of LCOE of PV-CSP-EH hybrid system with different configurations

Fig. 13 Investment cost distribution of PV-CSP-EH hybrid system

References 30

[1]	孟梓睿，刘雅雯，巨星．光伏-压电复合独立供电系统的运行分析[J]．发电技术，2024，45(4)：696-704．
	MENG Z R， LIU Y W， JU X ．Operation analysis of a photovoltaic-piezoelectric composite independent power supply system[J]．Power Generation Technology，2024，45(4)：696-704．
[2]	WHITEMAN A， RUEDA S， AKANDE D，et al ．Renewable capacity statistics 2024[R]．Abu Dhabi：International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA)，2024．
[3]	IRENA ．Renewable power generation costs in 2022[R]．Abu Dhabi：International Renewable Energy Agency，2023．
[4]	陈明媛，莫东，刘起兴，等．计及发电容量充裕度的容量市场多能源定价模型[J]．电力科学与技术学报，2024，39(5)：270-278．
	CHEN M Y， MO D， LIU Q X，et al ．A multi-energy pricing model for capacity markets considering generating capacity adequacy[J]．Journal of Electric Power Science and Technology，2024，39(5)：270-278．
[5]	黄莉，甘恒玉，刘兴举，等．基于Transformer编码器的超短期光伏发电功率预测[J]．智慧电力，2024，52(5)：16-22．
	HUANG L， GAN H Y， LIU X J，et al ．Ultra-short-term photovoltaic power generation prediction based on transformer encoder[J]．Smart Power，2024，52(5)：16-22．
[6]	谭科，王志承，刘肇熙，等．考虑分布式储能的主动配电网需求侧管理机制与可靠优化方法[J]．广东电力，2024，37(12)：129-137．
	TAN K， WANG Z C， LIU Z X，et al ．Demand side management mechanism and robust optimization method for active distribution networks considering distributed energy storage system[J]．Guangdong Electric Power，2024，37(12)：129-137．
[7]	寇凌峰，季宇，曲雪原，等．含海洋能发电的海岛微网源荷储容量优化配置研究[J]．电测与仪表，2024，61(5)：135-145．
	KOU L F， JI Y， QU X Y，et al ．Research on optimal capacity configuration of source，load and storage for island microgrid containing marine energy generation[J]．Electrical Measurement & Instrumentation，2024，61(5)：135-145．
[8]	沈赋，李施伟，王健，等．融合储能的光伏发电系统并网逆变器建模与稳定性分析[J]．电力系统保护与控制，2024，52(19)：131-143．
	SHEN F， LI S W， WANG J，et al ．Modeling and stability analysis of a photovoltaic grid-connected inverter integrated with an energy storage system[J]．Power System Protection and Control，2024，52(19)：131-143．
[9]	赵斌，梁告，姜孟浩，等．光储系统并网功率波动平抑及储能优化配置[J]．发电技术，2024，45(3)：423-433．
	ZHAO B， LIANG G， JIANG M H，et al ．Grid-connected power fluctuation suppression and energy storage optimization configuration of photovoltaic-energy storage system[J]．Power Generation Technology，2024，45(3)：423-433．
[10]	解良彬，向月，王世谦，等．计及经济性与可靠性的台区储能优化配置[J]．电力工程技术，2024，43(4)：56-66．
	XIE L B， XIANG Y， WANG S Q，et al ．Optimization configuration of energy storage in distribution feeders considering economy and reliability[J]．Electric Power Engineering Technology，2024，43(4)：56-66．
[11]	KOSKELA J， RAUTIAINEN A， JÄRVENTAUSTA P ．Using electrical energy storage in residential buildings：sizing of battery and photovoltaic panels based on electricity cost optimization[J]．Applied Energy，2019，239：1175-1189． doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.02.021
[12]	BORTOLINI M， GAMBERI M， GRAZIANI A ．Technical and economic design of photovoltaic and battery energy storage system[J]．Energy Conversion and Management，2014，86：81-92． doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2014.04.089
[13]	南亚林，王晴玉，李丽，等．新疆发电侧光伏储能试点项目在现行政策下经济性分析[J]．西北水电，2020(5)：111-115． doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-2610.2020.05.026
	NAN Y L， WANG Q Y， LI L，et al ．Economic analysis of Xinjiang’s generation-side photovoltaic energy storage pilot project under current state policies[J]．Northwest Hydropower，2020(5)：111-115． doi:10.3969/j.issn.1006-2610.2020.05.026
[14]	肖建．风光水火储系统的多能容量优化配置分析[J]．电气技术与经济，2022(3)：69-71． doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-8845.2022.03.020
	XIAO J ．Optimal configuration analysis of multi-energy capacity of wind，light，water and fire storage system[J]．Electrical Equipment and Economy，2022(3)：69-71． doi:10.3969/j.issn.1673-8845.2022.03.020
[15]	皇甫奋宇，李晓鹏，李岩，等．现货环境下的储能容量成本回收机制研究[J]．电力系统保护与控制，2023，51(12)：37-46．
	HUANGFU F Y， LI X P， LI Y，et al ．A cost recovery mechanism of storage capacity in the context of the power spot market[J]．Power System Protection and Control，2023，51(12)：37-46．
[16]	孟荣涛，李少岩，顾雪平，等．光热电站作为黑启动电源时计及机组恢复效益的运行优化[J]．电工技术学报，2023，38(13)：3486-3498．
	MENG R T， LI S Y， GU X P，et al ．Operation optimization considering unit recovery effect when concentrating solar power station acts as black-start power source[J]．Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society，2023，38(13)：3486-3498．
[17]	张涛，刘伉，陶然，等．计及热惯性及光热电站的综合能源系统优化[J]．电力建设，2023，44(1)：109-117． doi:10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2023.01.013
	ZHANG T， LIU K， TAO R，et al ．Integrated energy system optimization considering thermal inertia and CSP station[J]．Electric Power Construction，2023，44(1)：109-117． doi:10.12204/j.issn.1000-7229.2023.01.013
[18]	YAN J， YANG X ．Thermal energy storage：an overview of papers published in Applied Energy 2009-2018[J]．Applied Energy，2021，285：116397． doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2020.116397
[19]	解佗，孙丹阳，张刚，等．计及风光不确定性的风-光-光热联合发电系统中光热电站储热容量优化配置[J]．智慧电力，2024，52(2)：32-39．
	XIE T， SUN D Y， ZHANG G，et al ．Optimal capacity configuration of thermal storage within CSP plant in wind-PV-CSP hybrid power generation system considering uncertainty of wind and photovoltaic power[J]．Smart Power，2024，52(2)：32-39．
[20]	IEA ．Technology roadmap：solar photovoltaic energy 2014[R]．France：International Energy Agency，2014．
[21]	张哲旸，巨星，潘信宇，等．太阳能光伏-光热复合发电技术及其商业化应用[J]．发电技术，2020，41(3)：220-230．
	ZHANG Z Y， JU X， PAN X Y，et al ．Photovoltaic/concentrated solar power hybrid technology and its commercial application[J]．Power Generation Technology，2020，41(3)：220-230．
[22]	岳文全，姚方，文福拴．考虑光热电站的电热氢综合能源系统协调优化策略[J]．分布式能源，2023，8(4)：29-39．
	YUE W Q， YAO F， WEN F S ．Coordinated optimization strategy for electric-heat-hydrogen integrated energy system considering concentrating solar power[J]．Distributed Energy，2023，8(4)：29-39．
[23]	ZHAI R， LIU H， CHEN Y，et al ．The daily and annual technical-economic analysis of the thermal storage PV-CSP system in two dispatch strategies[J]．Energy Conversion and Management，2017，154：56-67． doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2017.10.040
[24]	HAN X， ZHAO G， XU C，et al ．Parametric analysis of a hybrid solar concentrating photovoltaic/concentrating solar power (CPV/CSP) system[J]．Applied Energy，2017，189：520-533． doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2016.12.049
[25]	GUO S， HE Y， PEI H，et al ．The multi-objective capacity optimization of wind-photovoltaic-thermal energy storage hybrid power system with electric heater[J]．Solar Energy，2020，195：138-149． doi:10.1016/j.solener.2019.11.063
[26]	DING Z， HOU H， YU G，et al ．Performance analysis of a wind-solar hybrid power generation system[J]．Energy Conversion and Management，2019，181：223-234． doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2018.11.080
[27]	天合光能．至尊600 W TSM-DE20 MBB/585-605W[EB/OL]．(2022-11-15)[2024-01-15]．．
	Trinasolar ．Monofacial 600 W TSM-DE20 MBB/585-605W[EB/OL]．(2022-11-15)[2024-01-15]．．
[28]	TAMIZHMANI G， JI L， TANG Y，et al ．Photovoltaic module thermal/wind performance：long-term monitoring and model development for energy rating[C]//NCPV and Solar Program Review Meeting Proceedings．Denver，CO，US：National Renewable Energy Laboratory，2003：936-939．
[29]	DUDLEY V E， KOLB G J， MAHONEY A R，et al ．Test results：SEGS LS-2 solar collector[R]．United States：U.S. Department of Energy Office of Scientific and Technical Information，1994． doi:10.2172/70756
[30]	PATNODE A M ．Simulation and performance evaluation of parabolic trough solar power plants[D]．Madison：University of Wisconsin-Madison，2006．