Significance and Challenges of CCUS Technology for Low-carbon Transformation of China’s Power Industry

doi:10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.22053

Abstract

Abstract:

In the past three decades, China’s power industry has developed rapidly and solved the problem of efficiency and cleanliness to a certain extent. However, the implementation of the “double carbon” target has put forward the requirements of low carbon development for China’s power industry. Improving energy utilization efficiency, increasing the proportion of zero-carbon energy and carbon-neutral energy, and equipping carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS) technology are three important ways to achieve carbon emission reduction in the power industry. Based on the carbon neutral formula of power system, the carbon emission reduction history of China’s power industry and the carbon emission reduction contribution of different pathways between 2000 and 2020 were analyzed, and the current situation and routes of CCUS technology development in China were described. The results show that between 2000 and 2011, improving the efficiency of carbon-containing energy utilization made the main contribution to carbon emission reduction in the power industry, and after 2011, the increase of the proportion of zero-carbon energy contributed more to carbon emission reduction in the power industry. To achieve the goal of carbon neutrality in the power industry, CCUS technology is indispensable when the fossil energy cannot be completely replaced. Currently, the high cost and energy consumption of CCUS technology are the main reasons that hinder its promotion. The fuel source capture technology realizes the graded utilization of energy and the enrichment of carbon components, which reduces the energy consumption of CO₂ capture, and the efficiency of fuel source carbon capture system can generally be improved by 5 to 8 percentage points compared with the current mainstream carbon capture technology.

Key words: “double carbon” target, carbon neutrality, carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS), power system, carbon emission intensity

CLC Number:

TK 09

Rui DONG, Lin GAO, Song HE, Dongtai YANG. Significance and Challenges of CCUS Technology for Low-carbon Transformation of China’s Power Industry[J]. Power Generation Technology, 2022, 43(4): 523-532.

Figures/Tables 11

References 28

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项目名称	项目规模/(万t/a)	捕集技术	后续处理
华能上海石洞口电厂碳捕集项目	12	燃烧后捕集	工业利用/ 食品利用
华能北京高碑店电厂	0.3	燃烧后捕集	食品利用
国电天津北塘热电厂	2	燃烧后捕集	食品利用
华润电力海丰电厂碳捕集测试平台	2	燃烧后捕集	工业利用/ 食品利用
中石化胜利油田 CO₂-EOR项目	100	燃烧后捕集	驱油
华能天津IGCC碳捕集项目	10	燃烧前捕集	盐水层封存
华能连云港清洁能源动力系统研究设施	3	燃烧前捕集	盐水层封存
中石油吉林油田EOR项目一阶段	15	燃烧前捕集	驱油
华中科技大学35 MW富氧燃烧项目	10	富氧燃烧	工业利用

项目名称	项目规模/(万t/a)	捕集技术	后续处理
华能上海石洞口电厂碳捕集项目	12	燃烧后捕集	工业利用/ 食品利用
华能北京高碑店电厂	0.3	燃烧后捕集	食品利用
国电天津北塘热电厂	2	燃烧后捕集	食品利用
华润电力海丰电厂碳捕集测试平台	2	燃烧后捕集	工业利用/ 食品利用
中石化胜利油田 CO₂-EOR项目	100	燃烧后捕集	驱油
华能天津IGCC碳捕集项目	10	燃烧前捕集	盐水层封存
华能连云港清洁能源动力系统研究设施	3	燃烧前捕集	盐水层封存
中石油吉林油田EOR项目一阶段	15	燃烧前捕集	驱油
华中科技大学35 MW富氧燃烧项目	10	富氧燃烧	工业利用

捕集技术	电厂效率下降/%	捕集1 t CO₂的成本/美元
燃烧后捕集	9~15	29~51
燃烧前捕集	7~10	13~37
富氧燃烧	10~12	21~50

捕集技术	电厂效率下降/%	捕集1 t CO₂的成本/美元
燃烧后捕集	9~15	29~51
燃烧前捕集	7~10	13~37
富氧燃烧	10~12	21~50

性能	无CO₂回收的IGCC系统	回收CO₂的IGCC系统	回收CO₂的多联产系统
热效率/%	43.9	35.2	47.3
CO₂回收率/%	0	76.2	72.1
CO₂体积分数/%	37	37	51