发电技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (3): 617-626.DOI: 10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.23170
• 发电及环境保护 • 上一篇
王天堃1, 刘天野2,3, 乔加飞4, 王兵兵4, 杨震2,3, 段远源2,3
收稿日期:2023-12-18
修回日期:2024-02-24
出版日期:2025-06-30
发布日期:2025-06-16
通讯作者:
段远源
作者简介:基金资助:Tiankun WANG1, Tianye LIU2,3, Jiafei QIAO4, Bingbing WANG4, Zhen YANG2,3, Yuanyuan DUAN2,3
Received:2023-12-18
Revised:2024-02-24
Published:2025-06-30
Online:2025-06-16
Contact:
Yuanyuan DUAN
Supported by:摘要:
目的 超临界CO2布雷顿循环具有效率高、结构紧凑、发电潜力大、可扩展性强等优点。采用CO2基混合物作为循环工质,可调节临界参数、提升循环性能,是近年来关注的热点,综述其研究进展对于基础理论研究及工程应用具有重要意义。 方法 对应用超临界CO2基混合工质布雷顿循环研究进展进行综述,总结了CO2基常用的混合工质种类,在循环部件及结构层面开展了讨论,并分析了常用循环性能指标及研究工况等。 结论 应用混合工质可提升或降低CO2的临界温度,但目前物性参数预测范围有限且实验数据欠缺。最常被探究的循环形式是再压缩循环结构,普遍关注的是循环的热力学性能和设计工况研究。建议加强和深化混合工质热物理性质的理论和实验研究,合理检验部件材料兼容性,针对混合工质的热力学特性提出新型循环结构,并应进一步探究分析循环的综合性能和动态特性。
中图分类号:
王天堃, 刘天野, 乔加飞, 王兵兵, 杨震, 段远源. 超临界二氧化碳混合工质布雷顿循环研究进展[J]. 发电技术, 2025, 46(3): 617-626.
Tiankun WANG, Tianye LIU, Jiafei QIAO, Bingbing WANG, Zhen YANG, Yuanyuan DUAN. Research Progress on Supercritical CO2-Based Mixture Brayton Cycle[J]. Power Generation Technology, 2025, 46(3): 617-626.
图1 简单回热循环结构及温熵图1—压缩机进口;2—回热器低温高压工质进口;3—加热器进口;4—透平进口;5—回热器高温低压工质进口;6—冷却器进口。
Fig. 1 Configuration and temperature-entropy diagram of simple recuperative cycle
| 工质 | 临界温度/K | 临界压力/MPa | 可燃性 | 腐蚀性 | 毒性 | 已有研究 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 丙烷 | 369.89 | 4.251 | 是 | 无 | 无毒 | 文献[ |
| 新戊烷 | 433.74 | 3.196 | 是 | 无 | 低毒 | 文献[ |
| 正丁烷 | 425.13 | 3.796 | 是 | 无 | 低毒 | 文献[ |
| 异丁烷 | 407.81 | 3.629 | 是 | 无 | 低毒 | 文献[ |
| 环己烷 | 553.60 | 4.081 | 是 | 无 | 无毒 | 文献[ |
| H2S | 373.10 | 9.000 | 是 | 是 | 有毒 | 文献[ |
| NH3 | 405.56 | 11.363 | 是 | 是 | 有毒 | 文献[ |
| SO2 | 430.64 | 7.887 | 否 | 是 | 有毒 | 文献[ |
表1 使临界温度升高的常见添加工质物性
Tab. 1 Thermodynamic properties of common additives with ascending critical temperature
| 工质 | 临界温度/K | 临界压力/MPa | 可燃性 | 腐蚀性 | 毒性 | 已有研究 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 丙烷 | 369.89 | 4.251 | 是 | 无 | 无毒 | 文献[ |
| 新戊烷 | 433.74 | 3.196 | 是 | 无 | 低毒 | 文献[ |
| 正丁烷 | 425.13 | 3.796 | 是 | 无 | 低毒 | 文献[ |
| 异丁烷 | 407.81 | 3.629 | 是 | 无 | 低毒 | 文献[ |
| 环己烷 | 553.60 | 4.081 | 是 | 无 | 无毒 | 文献[ |
| H2S | 373.10 | 9.000 | 是 | 是 | 有毒 | 文献[ |
| NH3 | 405.56 | 11.363 | 是 | 是 | 有毒 | 文献[ |
| SO2 | 430.64 | 7.887 | 否 | 是 | 有毒 | 文献[ |
| 工质 | 临界温度/K | 临界压力/MPa | 腐蚀性 | 毒性 | 已有研究 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ne | 44.40 | 2.662 | 无 | 无毒 | 文献[ |
| O2 | 154.58 | 5.043 | 无 | 无毒 | 文献[ |
| He | 5.20 | 0.228 | 无 | 无毒 | 文献[ |
| Ar | 150.69 | 4.863 | 无 | 无毒 | 文献[ |
| Kr | 209.48 | 5.525 | 无 | 无毒 | 文献[ |
| Xe | 289.73 | 5.842 | 无 | 无毒 | 文献[ |
| N2 | 126.19 | 3.396 | 无 | 无毒 | 文献[ |
| CO | 132.86 | 3.494 | 无 | 有毒 | 文献[ |
| CH4 | 190.56 | 4.599 | 无 | 无毒 | 文献[ |
表2 使临界温度降低的常见添加工质物性
Tab. 2 Thermodynamic properties of common additives with descending critical temperature
| 工质 | 临界温度/K | 临界压力/MPa | 腐蚀性 | 毒性 | 已有研究 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ne | 44.40 | 2.662 | 无 | 无毒 | 文献[ |
| O2 | 154.58 | 5.043 | 无 | 无毒 | 文献[ |
| He | 5.20 | 0.228 | 无 | 无毒 | 文献[ |
| Ar | 150.69 | 4.863 | 无 | 无毒 | 文献[ |
| Kr | 209.48 | 5.525 | 无 | 无毒 | 文献[ |
| Xe | 289.73 | 5.842 | 无 | 无毒 | 文献[ |
| N2 | 126.19 | 3.396 | 无 | 无毒 | 文献[ |
| CO | 132.86 | 3.494 | 无 | 有毒 | 文献[ |
| CH4 | 190.56 | 4.599 | 无 | 无毒 | 文献[ |
图3 再压缩超临界布雷顿循环结构及温熵图1—主压缩机进口;2—低温回热器低温高压流体进口;3—高温回热器低温高压流体进口;4—主加热器进口;5—高压透平进口;6—再加热器进口;7—低压透平进口;8—高温回热器高温低压流体进口;9—低温回热器高温低压流体进口;10—冷却器进口。
Fig. 3 Configuration and temperature-entropy diagram of recompression with supercritical Brayton cycle
| 循环结构 | 特点 | 已有研究 |
|---|---|---|
| 简单回热循环 | 基本循环形式 | 文献[ |
| 再压缩循环 | 降低高压流的质量流量 | 文献[ |
| 预压缩循环 | 增加低压流的压力 | 文献[ |
| 中间冷却循环 | 分级压缩、中间冷却,减少压缩机功耗 | 文献[ |
| 部分冷却循环 | 再压缩分流前进行预冷却和预压缩 | 文献[ |
| 分流膨胀循环 | 减少热应力 | 文献[ |
表3 应用CO2基混合工质的常见循环结构
Tab. 3 Common cycle structures for the application of CO2-based mixture
| 循环结构 | 特点 | 已有研究 |
|---|---|---|
| 简单回热循环 | 基本循环形式 | 文献[ |
| 再压缩循环 | 降低高压流的质量流量 | 文献[ |
| 预压缩循环 | 增加低压流的压力 | 文献[ |
| 中间冷却循环 | 分级压缩、中间冷却,减少压缩机功耗 | 文献[ |
| 部分冷却循环 | 再压缩分流前进行预冷却和预压缩 | 文献[ |
| 分流膨胀循环 | 减少热应力 | 文献[ |
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