汽轮机高位布置超超临界燃煤发电系统变工况㶲经济性分析

doi:10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.23019

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

可再生能源的迅速普及给电网的稳定性和可靠性带来了挑战，为了解决此问题，燃煤机组承担了调峰调频的主要任务。汽轮机高位布置技术可大幅减少耐高温材料的用量，从而提高超高参数机组的经济性。为获得汽轮机高位布置超超临界燃煤发电机组的变负荷性能，建立了㶲分析和㶲经济性分析模型，分析了不同负荷下机组的㶲经济性，获得了机组变负荷的不可逆性分布。分析结果表明：通过对系统参数进行优化，可以改善高压加热器的㶲效率；采用汽轮机高位布置技术的燃煤机组的度电成本为0.332 4元/(kW⋅h)；发电的㶲价格随着负荷的升高而降低。

关键词: 超超临界, 燃煤发电, 火力发电, 汽轮机, 高位布置, 节能减排, ?经济性

Abstract:

The rapid penetration of intermittent renewable power puts pressure on the stability and reliability of power grids. To address this tissue, coal-fired power plants play an increasingly important role in providing the peak shaving service. Moreover, the high-level layout of turbine can significantly reduce the amount of high temperature resistant materials and thus improve the economics of ultra-supercritical coal-fired power plants. The exergy and exergy economic models were developed to obtain the performance of ultra-supercritical coal-fired power plants with high-level layout of turbine under load-cycling operation conditions. By analyzing the exergy economic of coal-fired power plants under different loads, and the distribution of irreversibilities was obtained. The results show that the exergy efficiency of the high pressure turbine can be improved by optimizing the parameters. Moreover, the cost of electricity per unit with the high-level layout is 0.332 4 yuan/(kW⋅h). The exergy price of electricity generation decreases with the increase of load.

Key words: ultra-supercritical, coal-fired power generation, thermal power generation, turbine, high-level layout, energy saving and emission reduction, exergy economy

中图分类号:

TK 26

李延兵, 贾树旺, 张军亮, 符悦, 刘明, 严俊杰. 汽轮机高位布置超超临界燃煤发电系统变工况㶲经济性分析[J]. 发电技术, 2024, 45(1): 69-78.

Yanbing LI, Shuwang JIA, Junliang ZHANG, Yue FU, Ming LIU, Junjie YAN. Exergy Economic Analysis of Ultra-Supercritical Coal-Fired Power Plants With High-Level Layout of Turbine Under Load-Cycling Conditions[J]. Power Generation Technology, 2024, 45(1): 69-78.

图/表 14

参考文献 32

1	HE F， LIU X， WANG M，et al ．Energy，exergy，exergoeconomic，and environmental analyses and multi-objective optimization of a biomass-to-energy integrated thermal power plant[J]．Alexandria Engineering Journal，2022，61(7)：5629-5648． doi:10.1016/j.aej.2021.11.016
2	张国柱，张钧泰，文钰，等．燃煤机组烟气余热及水回收系统变工况特性和调控策略[J]．中国电力，2022，55(4)：214-220．
	ZHANG G Z， ZHANG J T， WEN Y，et al ．Study on off-design condition characteristics and control strategy of fluegas waste heat and water recovery system of coal-fired power plants[J]．Electric Power，2022，55(4)：214-220．
3	石志鹏，石祥建，蔡丹，等．绿电与绿氢耦合煤化工的系统建设方案[J]．南方能源建设，2023，10(3)：143-149． doi:10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2023.03.016
	SHI Z P， SHI X J， CAI D，et al ．Construction scheme for the system coupling coal chemical industry with green electricity and green hydrogen[J]．Southern Energy Construction，2023，10(3)：143-149． doi:10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2023.03.016
4	符悦，雷宇，刘明，等．不同进汽温度火电机组多压冷端系统综合性能分析[J]．中国电机工程学报，2022，42(1)：229-238．
	FU Y， LEI Y， LIU M，et al ．Performance evaluation on multi-pressure cold-end systems of thermal power plants with different inlet temperatures[J]．Proceedings of the CSEE，2022，42(1)：229-238．
5	陈娜娜，韩小渠，穆祺伟，等．1 000 MW燃煤机组变负荷环境影响评价[J]．工程热物理学报，2019，40(1)：22-27．
	CHEN N N， HAN X Q， MU Q W，et al ．Environmental impact assessment on 1 000 MW coal-fired power plant under off-design conditions[J]．Journal of Engineering Thermophysics，2019，40(1)：22-27．
6	宋畅，尹武昌，余学海，等．1 000 MW近零排放燃煤机组细颗粒物及SO₃排放和分布特征[J]．中国电机工程学报，2022，42(5)：1867-1875．
	SONG C， YIN W C， YU X H，et al ．Emission and distribution characteristics of fine particulate matter and SO₃ in 1 000 MW near-zero emission coal-fired unit[J]．Proceedings of the CSEE，2022，42(5)：1867-1875．
7	於震跃，徐红波，郑应霞，等．提高二次再热机组参数的技术经济研究[J]．浙江电力，2022，41(9)：101-106．
	YU Z Y， XU H B， ZHENG Y X，et al ．Technical and economic study on improving parameters of double reheat units[J]．Zhejiang Electric Power，2022，41(9)：101-106．
8	张全斌，周琼芳．基于“双碳”目标的中国火力发电技术发展路径研究[J]．发电技术，2023，44(2)：143-154． doi:10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.22092
	ZHANG Q B， ZHOU Q F ．Research on the development path of China’s thermal power generation technology based on the goal of “carbon peak and carbon neutralization”[J]．Power Generation Technology，2023，44(2)：143-154. doi:10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.22092
9	周港宝，卞双，陈震宇，等．先进超超临界机组用Inconel 617与C-HRA-2合金高温低周疲劳性能试验研究[J]．动力工程学报，2022，42(5)：475-483． doi:10.19805/j.cnki.jcspe.2022.05.012
	ZHOU G B， BIAN S， CHEN Z Y，et al ．Experimental study on high-temperature low cycle fatigue performance of inconel 617 and C-HRA-2 alloys for advanced ultra-supercritical units[J]．Journal of Chinese Society of Power Engineering，2022，42(5)：475-483． doi:10.19805/j.cnki.jcspe.2022.05.012
10	XIONG J， ZHAO H， ZHANG C，et al ．Thermoeconomic operation optimization of a coal-fired power plant[J]．Energy，2012，42(1)：486-496． doi:10.1016/j.energy.2012.03.020
11	XU C， GAO Y， XU G，et al ．A thermodynamic analysis and economic evaluation of an integrated coldend energy utilization system in a de-carbonization coal-fired power plant[J]．Energy Conversion and Management，2019，180：218-230． doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2018.10.081
12	王婧，段立强，杨金福，等．集成BEST的700 ℃一次再热超超临界机组回热系统节能优化[J]．动力工程学报，2022，42(7)：632-641．
	WANG J， DUAN L Q， YANG J F，et al ．Energy saving optimization study on regenerative system of 700 ℃ single reheat ultra-supercritical unit with BEST[J]．Journal of Chinese Society of Power Engineering，2022，42(7)：632-641．
13	张宏涛，张翼，焦林生，等．高位布置660 MW汽轮机组设计特点与安全性研究[J]．汽轮机技术，2021，63(3)：167-169． doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-5884.2021.03.002
	ZHANG H T， ZHANG Y， JIAO L S，et al ．Design characteristics and research on safety of high-level layout 660 MW steam turbine[J]．Turbine Technology，2021，63(3)：167-169． doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-5884.2021.03.002
14	刘森林，周光炳，王晓，等．高位布置H级燃机基础多点位移SRSS法可靠概率研究[J]．南方能源建设，2022，9(4)：159-166． doi:10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2022.04.020
	LIU S L， ZHOU G B， WANG X，et al ．Research on reliability probability of srss method for multi-point displacement of foundation of H-class gas turbine in high position[J]．Southern Energy Construction，2022，9(4)：159-166． doi:10.16516/j.gedi.issn2095-8676.2022.04.020
15	郑开云．低温场景超临界CO₂循环燃煤发电系统研究[J]．发电技术，2022，43(1)：126-130． doi:10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.20018
	ZHENG K Y ．Study on supercritical CO₂ cycle coal-fired power generation system for low temperature scenario[J]．Power Generation Technology，2022，43(1)：126-130． doi:10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.20018
16	张精桥，杜小军，张研．超超临界2×660 MW汽轮机高位布置给水泵选型与优化研究[J]．能源科技，2021，19(2)：49-52．
	ZHANG J Q， DU X J， ZHANG Y ．Study on selection and optimization of feedwater pump for high level arranged ultra-supercritical 2×660 MW steam turbine[J]．Energy Science and Technology，2021，19(2)：49-52．
17	罗建松，叶勇健．700 ℃先进超超临界机组概念设计方案研究[J]．热力发电，2022，51(8)：99-107．
	LUO J S， YE Y J ．Study on conceptual design scheme of 700 ℃ advanced ultra supercritical unit[J]．Thermal Power Generation，2022，51(8)：99-107．
18	YE X， DONG Z， LU J，et al ．Thermoeconomic evaluation of double-reheat coal-fired power units with carbon capture and storage and waste heat recovery using organic Rankine cycle[J]．International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control，2021，105(1)：103247． doi:10.1016/j.ijggc.2020.103247
19	WU X， SHEN J， LI Y，et al ．Flexible operation of post-combustion solvent-based carbon capture for coal-fired power plants using multi-model predictive control：a simulation study[J]．Fuel，2018，220：931-941． doi:10.1016/j.fuel.2018.02.061
20	付亦葳，谢天，屈杰．一次、二次再热机组汽轮机高低位布置方案热经济性分析[J]．热力发电，2017，46(7)：1-4．
	FU Y W， XIE T， QU J ．Thermal-economic analysis for scheme of steam turbine generator placement in high and low platform separately[J]．Thermal Power Generation，2017，46(7)：1-4．
21	AMROLLAHI Z， ERTESVÅG I S， BOLLAND O ．Optimized process configurations of post-combustion CO₂ capture for natural-gas-fired power plant：exergy analysis[J]．International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control，2011，5(6)：1393-1405． doi:10.1016/j.ijggc.2011.09.004
22	孙宇贞，唐毅伟，李帅．基于改进粒子群算法的超超临界燃煤机组负荷系统建模[J]．系统仿真学报，2021，33(4)：875-882． doi:10.16182/j.issn1004731x.joss.19-0649
	SUN Y Z， TANG Y W， LI S ．Load system modeling of ultra-supercritical coal-fired power unit based on improved particle swarm optimization[J]．Journal of System Simulation，2021，33(4)：875-882． doi:10.16182/j.issn1004731x.joss.19-0649
23	AHMADI G R， TOGHRAIE D ．Energy and exergy analysis of montazeri steam power plant in Iran[J]．Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews，2016，56：454-463． doi:10.1016/j.rser.2015.11.074
24	KIM S， LIM Y I， LEE D，et al ．Perspectives of oxy-coal power plants equipped with CO₂ capture，utilization，and storage in terms of energy，economic，and environmental impacts[J]．Energy Conversion and Management，2022，273：116361． doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2022.116361
25	ZHOU L， XU G， ZHAO S，et al ．Parametric analysis and process optimization of steam cycle in double reheat ultra-supercritical power plants[J]．Applied Thermal Engineering，2016，99：652-660． doi:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2016.01.047
26	YAN H， LIU M， WANG Z，et al ．Flexibility enhancement of solar-aided coal-fired power plant under different direct normal irradiance conditions[J]．Energy，2023，262：125349． doi:10.1016/j.energy.2022.125349
27	ZHANG Z， ZHOU R， GE X，et al ．Perspectives for 700 ℃ ultra-supercritical power generation：thermal safety of high-temperature heating surfaces[J]．Energy，2020，190：116411． doi:10.1016/j.energy.2019.116411
28	FU Y， ZHAO Y， LIU M，et al ．Optimization of cold-end system of thermal power plants based on entropy generation minimization[J]．Frontiers in Energy，2022，16(6)：956-972． doi:10.1007/s11708-021-0785-5
29	LAZZARETTO A， TSATSARONIS G ．SPECO：a systematic and general methodology for calculating efficiencies and costs in thermal systems[J]．Energy，2006，31(8/9)：1257-1289． doi:10.1016/j.energy.2005.03.011
30	BARTELA L， SKOREK-OSIKOWSKA A， KOTOWICZ J ．An analysis of the investment risk related to the integration of a supercritical coal-fired combined heat and power plant with an absorption installation for CO₂ separation[J]．Applied Energy，2015，156：423-435． doi:10.1016/j.apenergy.2015.07.045
31	SU Z， YANG L ．A novel and efficient cogeneration system of waste heat recovery integrated carbon capture and dehumidification for coal-fired power plants[J]．Energy Conversion and Management，2022，255：115358． doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2022.115358
32	Chemical Engineering World Group ．Analysis，synthesis and design of chemical processes[J]．Chemical Engineering World，2016，51(12)：129．

参数	数值
平均年利率i_eff/%	10
维修名义上升比率r_no/%	3
燃料名义上升比率r_nf/%	3.5
电厂运行年限n/a	30
平均年运行时间N_op/h	4 800

参数	数值
平均年利率i_eff/%	10
维修名义上升比率r_no/%	3
燃料名义上升比率r_nf/%	3.5
电厂运行年限n/a	30
平均年运行时间N_op/h	4 800

参数	数值
额定功率/MW	660
主蒸汽压力/MPa	25.823
主蒸汽温度/℃	600
再热蒸汽压力/MPa	5.427
再热蒸汽温度/℃	620
额定主蒸汽流量/(t⋅h^-1)	1 889.49
额定背压/kPa	10.5

参数	数值
额定功率/MW	660
主蒸汽压力/MPa	25.823
主蒸汽温度/℃	600
再热蒸汽压力/MPa	5.427
再热蒸汽温度/℃	620
额定主蒸汽流量/(t⋅h^-1)	1 889.49
额定背压/kPa	10.5

参数	回热加热器
参数	HT2	HT3	HT4	HT5	HT6	HT7	HT8	HT9
温度/℃	464.10	422.20	365.10	501.60	386.30	294.00	243.20	130.10
压力/MPa	11.48	8.77	5.90	2.60	1.20	0.59	0.37	0.12