发电技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (3): 579-589.DOI: 10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.23152

• 新能源 • 上一篇    

基于环境参数模型的缓坡光伏阵列反阴影策略研究

黄斌1,2, 赵伟1, 廖力达1, 肖孟1, 黄佳亮1, 星可2   

  1. 1.长沙理工大学能源与动力工程学院,湖南省 长沙市 410004
    2.南澳大学可持续能源与生态环境研究中心,阿德莱德 5095,澳大利亚
  • 收稿日期:2023-12-20 修回日期:2024-03-10 出版日期:2025-06-30 发布日期:2025-06-16
  • 通讯作者: 廖力达
  • 作者简介:黄斌(1984),男,博士,教授,研究方向为新能源应用、可持续发电技术等,bin.huang@unisa.edu.au
    赵伟(1999),女,硕士研究生,研究方向为光伏发电技术理论与平单轴光伏支架,2858495077@qq.com
    廖力达(1981),男,博士,副教授,研究方向为新能源发电技术,本文通信作者,lidaliao@csust.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(51908064);澳大利亚低碳生活合作研究中心(CRC)项目(RP2007)

Research on Shadow Mitigation Strategy for Sloped Photovoltaic Arrays Based on Environmental Parameter Model

Bin HUANG1,2, Wei ZHAO1, Lida LIAO1, Meng XIAO1, Jialiang HUANG1, Ke XING2   

  1. 1.School of Energy and Power Engineering, Changsha University of Technology, Changsha 410004, Hunan Province, China
    2.UniSA STEM, University of South Australia, Adelaide 5095, Australia
  • Received:2023-12-20 Revised:2024-03-10 Published:2025-06-30 Online:2025-06-16
  • Contact: Lida LIAO
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(51908064);Australia Cooperative Research Centre (CRC) for Low Carbon Living(RP2007)

摘要:

目的 反阴影策略在光伏系统规模化应用中发挥着至关重要的作用。为了应对小坡度地区因光伏阵列间阴影遮挡而导致的发电量损失问题,需要对光伏组件的日跟踪策略进行优化。 方法 以宁夏地区某光伏电站为例,结合地形及环境因素建立缓坡背景下光伏阵列间动态阴影遮挡计算模型和辐照模型,提出了一种反阴影的平单轴太阳跟踪策略,并利用MATLAB软件构建仿真模型,验证该策略的可行性和有效性。最后,选择典型晴天在现场选区进行试验验证。 结果 在缓坡地形条件下,与采用原始跟踪策略的光伏阵列相比,采用所提反阴影和自动跟踪策略的光伏阵列可减少约12%的阴影遮挡,系统整体发电输出效率可提高约10%。 结论 所提策略从地形和环境因素角度进行优化,有效解决了反阴影跟踪系统的适用性问题,拓宽了光伏电站的选址地域,并为其提供了可靠的技术支撑,在光伏系统规模化应用中具有重要意义。

关键词: 太阳能, 光伏电站, 缓坡地形, 阴影遮挡, 跟踪策略, 平单轴系统, 发电效益

Abstract:

Objectives The anti-shadow strategy plays a vital role in the large-scale application of photovoltaic systems. In order to cope with the problem of power generation loss caused by shadow shading between photovoltaic arrays in areas with low slope, it is necessary to optimize the daily tracking strategy of photovoltaic modules. Methods Taking a photovoltaic power station in Ningxia as an example, the dynamic shadow shading calculation model and irradiance model were established based on terrain and environmental factors. An anti-shadow flat single-axis solar tracking strategy was proposed. The feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed solution were tested using a simulation model constructed by MATLAB software. Finally,a typical sunny day was selected for field comparison and verification in the selected area. Results Under low-slope terrain conditions, compared with the photovoltaic array using the original tracking strategy, the photovoltaic array with the proposed anti-shadow and automatic tracking strategy can reduce shadow occlusion by about 12%. Additionally,the overall electricity output efficiency of the system can be improved by about 10%. Conclusions The proposed strategy is optimized from the perspective of terrain and environmental factors, which effectively solves the applicability problem of the anti-shadow tracking system, broadens the location area of photovoltaic power station, and provides reliable technical support for it, which is of great significance in the large-scale application of photovoltaic systems.

Key words: solar energy, photovoltaic power station, gently sloping terrain, shadow shading, tracking strategy, flat single-axis systems, power generation benefits

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