Performance Analysis of Photovoltaic/Thermal Hybrid System Integrated With Phase Change Heat Storage Materials

doi:10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.22040

Abstract

Abstract:

Incorporating phase change material (PCM) with photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) modules can improve the power generation efficiency of photovoltaic panels by increasing the cooling capacity, and the stored heat can also be used rationally. Based on the design of two PV/T modules integrated with phase change heat storage materials, the performances were analyzed numerically and compared with the traditional PV/T panel. The overall performance of integrated system was analyzed from the energy and exergy aspect. The influence of cooling fluid flow was also examined. The results show that the integration of PCM with PV/T module can significantly improve the overall performance of the system. The PV/T system with two phase change heat storage materials have the highest daily total energy efficiency and overall exergic efficiency, reaching 67.65% and 12.86%, respectively. Moreover, the maximum energy per day could reach 3603.2 W·h/m². With the increase of the volume rate of cooling fluid, the overall energy efficiency increases slightly, but the overall exergic efficiency decreases significantly.

Key words: phase change heat storage, photovoltaics/thermal (PV/T), exergy efficiency, solar energy

CLC Number:

TK 02

ABD-HAMID Mohamed, Longyu XIA, Gaosheng WEI, Liu CUI, Chao XU, Xiaoze DU. Performance Analysis of Photovoltaic/Thermal Hybrid System Integrated With Phase Change Heat Storage Materials[J]. Power Generation Technology, 2023, 44(1): 53-62.

Figures/Tables 17

Tab. 1 Main parameters in model design

参数	数值
玻璃盖尺寸/(mm×mm×mm)	670×465×3.2
太阳能电池尺寸/(mm×mm×mm)	670×465×0.3
Tedlar尺寸/(mm×mm×mm)	670×465×0.5
最大功率/W	40
太阳能电池效率/%	17.3
组件效率/%	12.84
水管外径/mm	9
水管内径/mm	7
水管高度/mm	421
水管间距/mm	10
绝缘(聚氨酯)厚度/mm	10
PCM-a层厚/mm	11
PCM-b层厚/mm	10

Fig. 1 Schematic diagrams of three different PV/T structures

Tab. 2 Thermophysical properties of PCM

参数	PCM-a	PCM-b
熔化温度范围/℃	29~36	27~33
比热容/(kJ⋅kg^-1⋅K^-1)	2	2
蓄热容量/(kJ⋅kg^-1)	160	165
密度/(kg⋅m^-3)	815	820
导热系数/(W⋅m^-1⋅K^-1)	0.2	0.2

Tab. 3 Thermophysical properties of the used materials

材料	密度/(kg/m³)	导热系数/[W/(m·K)]	比热[J/(kg·K)]
玻璃	2 770	2	500
PV电池	2 330	148	677
Tedlar	1 200	0.15	1 250
铝	2 719	202.4	871

Tab. 4 Optical properties of the used elements

材料	反射率	吸收率	透射率	发射率
玻璃	0.04	0.04	0.92	0.85
PV电池	0.08	0.90	0.02	—
铝	—	—	—	0.90

Fig. 2 Mesh independence verification of PV/T-PCM(I) structure

Fig. 3 Comparison of numerical simulation results with literature results

Fig. 4 Hourly variations of ambient conditions for a typical day in August of Beijing

Fig. 5 Variation curves of PV cell and water outlet temperatures with time

Fig. 6 Influence of volume flow rate on PV cell and water outlet temperatures at 13:00

Fig. 7 Variation curves of thermal power and electrical power with time

Fig. 8 Variation curves of electrical, thermal and overall energetic efficiencies with time

Fig. 9 Variation curves of thermal power and electrical power with volume flow rate

Fig. 10 Effect of volume flow rate on electrical, thermal, and overall energetic efficiencies

Fig. 11 Variation curves of electrical, thermal and overall exergetic efficiencies with time

Fig. 12 Effect of volume flow rate on electrical and thermal exergy efficiencies, and overall exergetic efficiency

Fig. 13 Daily electrical and thermal energy outputs for three configurations

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