Research Progress on Carbon Capture and Utilization Technology in Steel Industry

doi:10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.260101

Abstract

Abstract:

Objectives The control of greenhouse gas emissions, mainly CO₂, under the “carbon peak and carbon neutrality” target has received high attention. In 2023, China’s CO₂ emissions ranked first in the world, with 12.6 billion tons. Among them, the steel industry is one of the main sources of CO₂ emissions, accounting for about 15% of China’s CO₂ emissions. China’s crude steel production accounts for more than half of the world’s total, and reducing carbon emissions in the steel industry requires consideration of China’s national conditions and energy utilization characteristics. Therefore, it is necessary to study the carbon capture and utilization technologies suitable for China’s steel industry. Methods The emission characteristics of CO₂ in the steel production process are analyzed and the research progress of existing carbon capture technologies are summarized, with a focus on the application of absorption, adsorption, and membrane separation methods in CO₂ capture of blast furnace gas. In addition, the utilization of top gas recycling-oxygen blast furnace technology is explored and its coupling potential with absorption and adsorption technologies is analyzed, in order to achieve low-carbon transformation in the steel industry. Conclusions The use of top gas recycling-oxygen blast furnace technology can be combined with absorption or adsorption methods to reduce carbon consumption and carbon emissions of the blast furnace, and the effective utilization of steel plant waste heat can help improve the economic feasibility of carbon capture. The integration of carbon capture and utilization in the steel industry can be realized by the combination of converter CO₂ injection, steel slag mineralization and utilization, and tempering co-production of CO₂ to produce chemical products technology. It can not only reduce the carbon emissions in the steel industry, but also improve the industry’s economic and environmental benefits through capacity optimization.

Key words: carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS), carbon emissions, steel industry, CO₂ utilization, top gas recycling-oxygen blast furnace, chemical absorption, adsorption separation, membrane separation

CLC Number:

TK 09

Yan SHAO, Ying XIE, Zihao LIU, Mengxiang FANG, Xiaoming XU, Ximing HU, Yang XIA, Wei CHEN, Young-Ok PARK. Research Progress on Carbon Capture and Utilization Technology in Steel Industry[J]. Power Generation Technology, 2026, 47(1): 1-13.

Figures/Tables 9

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排放源	温度/℃	压力	CO₂体积分数/%
石灰窑烟气	110	环境压力	20
热风炉烟气	200	环境压力	28
焦炉烟气	210	环境压力	10
高炉煤气	100~350	0.2~0.3 MPa	20
转炉煤气	1 200	环境压力	15
自备电厂烟气	100	环境压力	15~20

排放源	温度/℃	压力	CO₂体积分数/%
石灰窑烟气	110	环境压力	20
热风炉烟气	200	环境压力	28
焦炉烟气	210	环境压力	10
高炉煤气	100~350	0.2~0.3 MPa	20
转炉煤气	1 200	环境压力	15
自备电厂烟气	100	环境压力	15~20

国家	应用排放源	吸收剂	捕集率/%	能耗/ [GJ/(t CO₂)]	来源
阿联酋	竖炉	MEA	90	4.00	文献[22]
韩国	高炉	氨水	90	2.50	文献[23]
日本	高炉	IPEA	98	2.34	文献[24]
中国	欧冶炉	NCMA	95	—	文献[25]

国家	应用排放源	吸收剂	捕集率/%	能耗/ [GJ/(t CO₂)]	来源
阿联酋	竖炉	MEA	90	4.00	文献[22]
韩国	高炉	氨水	90	2.50	文献[23]
日本	高炉	IPEA	98	2.34	文献[24]
中国	欧冶炉	NCMA	95	—	文献[25]

吸收剂	典型溶剂	能耗/ [GJ/(t CO₂)]	特点	来源
单一胺	MEA	4.0	循环容量小，能耗高，吸收速率低	文献[26]
混合胺	MDEA/PZ	2.8~3.5	循环容量大，能耗较低，吸收速率快	文献[27]
两相吸收剂	DEEA/MAPA	2.0~2.8	循环容量大，能耗低，连续运行考验分相稳定性	文献[28]
少水吸收剂	AMP/AEEA/NMP	2.1~2.8	循环容量大，能耗低，缺乏工业验证	文献[29]