考虑电转气-碳捕集电厂联动的综合能源系统㶲经济分析

doi:10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.260102

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的考虑系统清洁低碳的前提下，综合能源系统中能源产品定价与市场用户的经济利益和能源运营商的盈利能力密切相关。为此，对含电转气-碳捕集电厂(power to gas-carbon capture power plant，P2G-CCPP)的综合能源系统(integrated energy system，IES)进行㶲经济分析。方法从㶲视角出发，兼顾能量的量与质，针对不同能流进行㶲值计算，建立㶲流计算子模型。将系统低碳经济性引入㶲经济分析中，将碳排放权交易成本、碳捕集能耗成本及碳封存成本纳入非能量成本中，建立㶲经济成本分摊子模型。相较于传统定价方法，考虑了碳成本及能量品位差异对系统冷热电单位㶲成本的影响，体现优质优价原则。结果仿真算例表明引入P2G-CCPP联动系统能够提高系统低碳减排能力，实现成本合理分摊。结论含P2G-CCPP机组的综合能源系统能够有效削减系统总成本及冷热电单位成本，增强了碳利用和燃气生产消费的节能减排途径，具有显著的经济及社会效益。

关键词: 综合能源系统, 电转气, 碳捕集电厂, 㶲流, 㶲经济, 成本分摊

Abstract:

Objectives Considering the premise of clean and low-carbon system, the pricing of energy products in the integrated energy system is closely related to the economic interests of market users and the profitability of energy operators. Exergic economic analysis of integrated energy system (IES) containing power to gas-carbon capture power plant (P2G-CCPP) is proposed. Methods From the perspective of exergy, both the quantity and quality of energy were taken into account, exergy values are calculated for different energy flows, and a sub-model of exergy flow calculation is established. The low carbon economy of the system is introduced into the exergic economic analysis. The carbon emission trading cost, carbon capture energy cost and carbon storage cost are included in the non-energy cost. The exergic economic cost distribution model is established. Compared with traditional pricing methods, the paper considered the impact of carbon cost and energy grade difference on the exergic cost of the system, reflecting the principle of good quality and good price. Results Simulation examples show that the P2G-CCPP linkage system can improve the low carbon emission reduction ability of the system and realize the reasonable cost allocation. Conclusions The integrated energy system with P2G-CCPP units can effectively reduce the total system cost and the unit cost of cooling, heating and power, enhance the energy conservation and emission reduction approaches of carbon utilization and gas production and consumption, and has significant economic and social benefits.

Key words: integrated energy system, power to gas, carbon capture power plants, exergy flow, exergoeconomy, cost allocation

中图分类号:

TK 01

王秀云, 章婉钰. 考虑电转气-碳捕集电厂联动的综合能源系统㶲经济分析[J]. 发电技术, 2026, 47(1): 14-25.

Xiuyun WANG, Wanyu ZHANG. Exergoeconomic Analysis of Integrated Energy Systems of Power to Gas-Carbon Capture Power Plant[J]. Power Generation Technology, 2026, 47(1): 14-25.

图/表 14

图1 综合能源系统㶲流分布

Fig. 1 Exergy flow distribution of integrated energy system

表1 综合能源系统㶲流名称

Tab. 1 Exergic flow name of integrated energy system

符号	㶲流	符号	㶲流
E₁	风电输出电㶲	E₁₀	燃气轮机耗气㶲
E₂	天然气购气㶲	E₁₁	燃气轮机输出蒸汽㶲
E₃	P2G输入电㶲	E₁₂	燃气锅炉耗气㶲
E₄	P2G输出天然气㶲	E₁₃	燃气锅炉输出蒸汽㶲
E₅	燃气轮机输出电㶲	E₁₄	尖峰加热器输出热水㶲
E₆	碳捕集电厂输出电㶲	E₁₅	燃气轮机输出低温热水㶲
E₇	系统输出电负荷㶲	E₁₆	吸收式制冷机输出冷水㶲
E₈	电制冷机输入电㶲	E₁₇	系统输出冷负荷㶲
E₉	电制冷机输出冷水㶲	E₁₈	系统输出热负荷㶲

图2 各时段冷热电负荷及风电预测出力曲线

Fig. 2 Cooling, heat and electricity load, and predicted output curve of wind farm in each period

表2 电网分时电价系统关键设备参数

Tab. 2 System key device parameters

设备	最大输出功率/MW	效率
火电厂	500	—
P2G	80	0.6
燃气轮机	300	0.35(热)/0.25(电)
燃气锅炉	400	0.8
尖峰加热器	100	0.89
吸收式制冷机	50	1.05
电制冷机	50	3

表3 电网分时电价

Tab. 3 Grid time-of-use price

电网峰谷	时段	电价/[元/(MW⋅h)]
谷时	00：00—08：00	313.9
平段	13：00—17：00，22：00—24：00	641.8
高峰	09：00—12：00，18：00—21：00	1 069.7

表4 系统运行经济情况 (万元)

Tab. 4 Economic conditions of system operation

场景	能量成本	非能量成本			综合成本
场景	燃料成本	碳成本	弃风成本	运行偿还成本	综合成本
1	356.707 2	0	76.007 1	0.007 45	432.788 8
2	364.575 5	8.015 9	25.620 1	0.008 30	397.859 8
3	360.959 8	13.890 6	69.166 7	0.007 97	444.025 1
4	362.819 1	12.188 5	22.652 6	0.009 13	397.670 2

图4 各场景碳排放量对比

Fig. 4 Comparison of carbon emissions in each scenario

图5 场景4最优电㶲分布

Fig. 5 Optimal electrical exergic distribution in scenario 4

图6 场景1与场景4最优冷㶲分布对比

Fig. 6 Comparison of optimal cooling exergic distribution between scenario 1 and scenario 4

图7 场景1与场景4最优热㶲分布对比

Fig. 7 Comparison of optimal heat exergic distribution between scenario 1 and scenario 4

图8 各场景逐时单位电成本对比

Fig. 8 Comparison of hourly unit electricity costs in each scenario

图9 场景1、2、4逐时单位冷、热成本对比

Fig. 9 Hourly unit cooling, heat cost comparison of scenarios 1, 2 and 4

表5 冷、热、电平均单位成本 (元/(MW⋅h))

Tab. 5 Average unit cost of heating, cooling and electricity

项目	场景1	场景2	场景3	场景4
电成本	221.893 3	186.145 4	222.483 1	183.781 9
热成本	232.445 1	226.214 0	232.408 8	225.606 6
冷成本	364.013 6	316.596 0	367.132 9	316.331 7

图10 冷、热、电单位成本变化率

Fig. 10 Rate of change of unit costs of heating, cooling and electricity

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