发电技术 ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (1): 111-121.DOI: 10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.260110
• 储能 • 上一篇
李涛1,2, 张春1,2, 胡添诚1,2
收稿日期:2025-01-04
修回日期:2025-02-19
出版日期:2026-02-28
发布日期:2026-02-12
通讯作者:
张春
作者简介:基金资助:Tao LI1,2, Chun ZHANG1,2, Tiancheng HU1,2
Received:2025-01-04
Revised:2025-02-19
Published:2026-02-28
Online:2026-02-12
Contact:
Chun ZHANG
Supported by:摘要:
目的 虚拟同步发电机(virtual synchronous generator,VSG)因其能够调节逆变器并网中的阻尼和惯性而得到广泛应用。但在实际工况下,线路普遍存在阻抗以及离/并网预同步过程中容易出现电压电流畸变。为此,对VSG的控制结构和预同步方法进行了优化。 方法 采用光伏发电系统和混合储能代替传统的直流源用于模拟实际情况,并在传统VSG模型中增加虚拟有功和虚拟电流来补偿并网过程中存在的相位差和幅值差,以实现频率和电压的调节。针对传统线性自抗扰控制(linear active disturbance rejection control,LADRC)系统中的PD控制参数选定问题,采用模糊控制在线自适应整定PD控制参数,并将LADRC引入有功环进行二次调频,以增加系统的鲁棒性。 结果 通过MATLAB/Simulink的仿真验证了该方法设计的可行性,表明预同步控制系统运行效果优越。 结论 模糊LADRC可以快速实现平滑并网,抑制网侧电流冲击和降低频率振荡,从而提高并网逆变器-电网交互系统的稳定性。
中图分类号:
李涛, 张春, 胡添诚. 基于模糊自抗扰的光储预同步虚拟同步发电机并网策略[J]. 发电技术, 2026, 47(1): 111-121.
Tao LI, Chun ZHANG, Tiancheng HU. Pre-Synchronization Virtual Synchronous Generator Grid-Connection Strategy Based on Fuzzy Active Disturbance Rejection for Photovoltaic Storage[J]. Power Generation Technology, 2026, 47(1): 111-121.
| e | n | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NB | NM | NS | ZO | PS | PM | PB | |
| NB | PB/PB | PB/PB | PB/PB | PB/NB | PS/NB | ZO/NM | NS/NS |
| NM | PB/PB | PB/PB | PM/PM | PM/NM | ZO/ZO | NS/PS | NM/PM |
| NS | PB/PB | PM/PM | PM/PM | PS/NS | NS/PM | NM/PB | NB/PB |
| ZO | ZO/ZO | ZO/ZO | ZO/ZO | ZO/ZO | ZO/ZO | ZO/ZO | ZO/ZO |
| PS | NB/PM | NM/PB | NS/PM | PS/NS | PM/PM | PM/PM | PB/PB |
| PM | NM/PM | NS/PS | ZO/ZO | PM/NM | PB/PM | PB/PB | PB/PB |
| PB | NS/NS | ZO/NM | PS/NB | PB/NB | PB/PB | PB/PB | PB/PB |
表1 模糊规则
Tab. 1 Fuzzy rules
| e | n | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NB | NM | NS | ZO | PS | PM | PB | |
| NB | PB/PB | PB/PB | PB/PB | PB/NB | PS/NB | ZO/NM | NS/NS |
| NM | PB/PB | PB/PB | PM/PM | PM/NM | ZO/ZO | NS/PS | NM/PM |
| NS | PB/PB | PM/PM | PM/PM | PS/NS | NS/PM | NM/PB | NB/PB |
| ZO | ZO/ZO | ZO/ZO | ZO/ZO | ZO/ZO | ZO/ZO | ZO/ZO | ZO/ZO |
| PS | NB/PM | NM/PB | NS/PM | PS/NS | PM/PM | PM/PM | PB/PB |
| PM | NM/PM | NS/PS | ZO/ZO | PM/NM | PB/PM | PB/PB | PB/PB |
| PB | NS/NS | ZO/NM | PS/NB | PB/NB | PB/PB | PB/PB | PB/PB |
| 参数 | 数值 | 参数 | 数值 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 直流母线参考电压/V | 1 500 | 逆变器负荷/kW | 40 |
| 蓄电池输出功率/kW | 30 | 网侧负荷/kW | 40 |
| 惯性系数 | 0.003 1 | 有功参考值/kW | 80 |
| 虚拟惯量/(kg⋅m²) | 0.5 | 滤波电感/mH | 5 |
| 虚拟阻尼/(N⋅m⋅s | 20 | 滤波电容/μF | 0.2 |
| 额定频率/Hz | 50 | 开关频率/kHz | 20 |
表2 系统仿真参数
Tab. 2 System simulation parameters
| 参数 | 数值 | 参数 | 数值 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 直流母线参考电压/V | 1 500 | 逆变器负荷/kW | 40 |
| 蓄电池输出功率/kW | 30 | 网侧负荷/kW | 40 |
| 惯性系数 | 0.003 1 | 有功参考值/kW | 80 |
| 虚拟惯量/(kg⋅m²) | 0.5 | 滤波电感/mH | 5 |
| 虚拟阻尼/(N⋅m⋅s | 20 | 滤波电容/μF | 0.2 |
| 额定频率/Hz | 50 | 开关频率/kHz | 20 |
图11 常规VSG、LADRC和模糊LADRC 3种控制的预同步仿真波形对比
Fig. 11 Comparison of pre-synchronization simulation waveforms of conventional VSG, LADRC, and fuzzy LADRC controls
| 参数 | 常规VSG | LADRC | 模糊LADRC |
|---|---|---|---|
| 并网时间/s | 0.437 | 0.407 | 0.403 |
| 频率振荡最大范围/Hz | 1.029 0 | 1.041 5 | 0.995 8 |
| 并网时电流平均峰值/A | 56.942 5 | 44.938 1 | 39.213 4 |
| 离网功率波动峰值/W | 80 478.5 | 80 402.7 | 80 237.7 |
表3 3种算法仿真结果比较
Tab. 3 Comparison of simulation results for three algorithms
| 参数 | 常规VSG | LADRC | 模糊LADRC |
|---|---|---|---|
| 并网时间/s | 0.437 | 0.407 | 0.403 |
| 频率振荡最大范围/Hz | 1.029 0 | 1.041 5 | 0.995 8 |
| 并网时电流平均峰值/A | 56.942 5 | 44.938 1 | 39.213 4 |
| 离网功率波动峰值/W | 80 478.5 | 80 402.7 | 80 237.7 |
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