分布式压缩空气储能膨胀发电系统变步长功率跟踪控制策略

发电技术

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分布式压缩空气储能膨胀发电系统变步长功率跟踪控制策略

周阿诚¹，刘瀚琛²，李建林³，崔森²，陈来军^2，3*

1．青海大学机械工程学院，青海省西宁市 810016；2．清华大学电机工程与应用电子技术系，北京市海淀区 100084；3．青海大学能源与电气工程学院，青海省西宁市 810016

基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(52407115)；青海省基础研究计划项目(2023-ZJ-704)；新型电力系统运行与控制全国重点实验室开放基金课题(61011000223)。

Variable Step-Size Power Tracking Control Strategy for Distributed Compressed Air Energy Storage and Expansion Power Generation System

ZHOU Acheng¹, LIU Hanchen², LI Jianlin³, CUI Sen², CHEN Laijun^{2, 3*}

1. School of Mechanical Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, Qinghai Province, China; 2. Department of Electrical Engineering, Tsinghua University, Haidian District, Beijing 100084, China; 3. College of Energy and Electrical Engineering, Qinghai University, Xining 810016, Qinghai Province, China

Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China (52407115); Basic Research Project of Qinghai Province (2023-ZJ-704); Open Fund Project of State Key Laboratory of Power System Operation and Control (61011000223).

摘要/Abstract

摘要： 【目的】随着风光等新能源规模化接入电网，其随机性、波动性给安全并网消纳带来了困难和挑战。分布式压缩空气储能(distributed compressed air energy storage，DCAES)因其灵活性高、转速可变等优势，可实现对功率指令的快速跟踪，进而平抑新能源功率波动。然而，DCAES膨胀发电系统采用传统扰动观察法进行功率跟踪，存在跟踪速度和稳态精度无法兼顾的问题。为解决该问题，提出了一种具有灵活功率调度和良好跟踪特性的DCAES变步长功率跟踪控制策略。【方法】将DCAES膨胀发电系统的功率变化率和转速偏差率引入扰动步长中，通过实时自适应调整转速变化步长，实现快速可靠的功率指令跟踪。基于MATLAB/Simulink搭建了DCAES膨胀发电系统仿真模型，对所提控制策略的有效性进行验证。【结果】所提控制策略与小步长功率跟踪控制策略相比，可使系统跟踪速度提升25%以上；与大步长功率跟踪控制策略相比，二者跟踪速度几乎一致，但功率振荡在大步长幅值的1%以下。【结论】所提控制策略改善了转速步长选取对功率跟踪的影响，使系统具有较快的动态跟踪速度和较高的稳态精度。

关键词: 分布式压缩空气储能, 新能源, 电力系统, 膨胀机, 永磁同步发电机, 功率指令跟踪, 控制策略, 变步长

Abstract: [Objectives] With the large-scale integration of new energy sources such as wind and solar into the power grid, their inherent randomness and volatility pose challenges to secure grid connection and consumption. Distributed compressed air energy storage (DCAES), with its advantages of high flexibility and variable speed, can effectively track power commands and mitigate the power fluctuations of renewable energy. However, using the traditional perturb and observe method for power tracking in DCAES expansion power generation systems encounters difficulties in balancing tracking speed and steady-state accuracy. To address this issue, this paper proposes a variable-step power tracking control strategy for DCAES with flexible power dispatch and excellent tracking performance. [Methods] The power variation rate and rotational speed deviation rate of the DCAES expansion power generation system are incorporated into the perturbation step size. By adaptively adjusting the step size of rotational speed variation in real-time, rapid and reliable tracking of power commands is achieved. Based on MATLAB/Simulink, the simulation model of DCAES expansion power generation system is built to verify the effectiveness of the proposed control strategy. [Results] Compared with the small step power tracking control strategy, the proposed control strategy can improve the tracking speed of the system by more than 25%. Compared with the large step power tracking control strategy, the tracking speed of the two strategies is almost the same, but the power oscillation of the proposed control strategy is below 1% of the large step amplitude. [Conclusions] The proposed control strategy improves the influence of speed step selection on power tracking, so that the system has faster dynamic tracking speed and higher steady-state accuracy.

Key words: distributed compressed air energy storage, new energy, power system, expander, permanent magnet synchronous generator, power command tracking, control strategy, variable speed step-size

周阿诚, 刘瀚琛, 李建林, 崔森, 陈来军. 分布式压缩空气储能膨胀发电系统变步长功率跟踪控制策略[J]. 发电技术.

ZHOU Acheng, LIU Hanchen, LI Jianlin, CUI Sen, CHEN Laijun. Variable Step-Size Power Tracking Control Strategy for Distributed Compressed Air Energy Storage and Expansion Power Generation System[J]. Power Generation Technology.

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