发电技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (4): 797-806.DOI: 10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.23172

• 大规模新能源并网运行调控关键技术 • 上一篇    下一篇

基于改进型虚拟阻抗的虚拟同步发电机动态功率解耦控制

任明炜, 邵聪, 施凯, 徐培凤, 孙宇新   

  1. 江苏大学电气信息工程学院,江苏省 镇江市 212013
  • 收稿日期:2024-10-19 修回日期:2024-12-30 出版日期:2025-08-31 发布日期:2025-08-21
  • 通讯作者: 邵聪
  • 作者简介:任明炜(1970),男,博士,副教授,研究方向为微电网及电力电子技术应用,mwren@ujs.edu.cn
    邵聪(2000),男,硕士研究生,研究方向为虚拟同步发电机技术,本文通信作者,3487393252@qq.com
    施凯(1980),男,博士,教授,研究方向为电力电子化电力系统稳定控制与应用,shikai80614@163.com
    徐培凤(1980),女,博士,讲师,研究方向为高效风力发电机的设计与控制,xupeifeng2003@126.com
    孙宇新(1968),女,博士,教授,研究方向为电力电子化电力系统稳定控制与应用,syx4461@ujs.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    江苏高校优势学科建设工程(三期)项目(PAPD-2018-87)

Dynamic Power Decoupling Control of Virtual Synchronous Generator Based on Improved Virtual Impedance

Mingwei REN, Cong SHAO, Kai SHI, Peifeng XU, Yuxin SUN   

  1. School of Electrical and Information Engineering, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2024-10-19 Revised:2024-12-30 Published:2025-08-31 Online:2025-08-21
  • Contact: Cong SHAO
  • Supported by:
    Jiangsu University Superior Discipline Construction Project (Phase Ⅲ)(PAPD-2018-87)

摘要:

目的 虚拟同步发电机(virtual synchronous generator,VSG)在接入中低压配电网时,线路阻抗会呈现阻感性,使得VSG输出功率存在强耦合,从而产生功率振荡,甚至造成VSG内部功率控制出现偏差,影响电能质量和输电稳定性。针对这些问题,提出了一种基于虚拟电容的改进型功率解耦策略。 方法 通过对VSG并网模型进行简化和小信号建模,分析功率耦合机理,获得耦合产生的关键因素。在此基础上,引入虚拟电容的概念,提出一种基于虚拟电容的改进型控制方法。最后,在MATLAB/Simulink平台下进行仿真,验证所提策略的有效性。 结果 虚拟电容的电容特性不仅能使系统运行过程更加稳定,还使输出电压基准得到修正,有效解决了因输出功率存在耦合而加剧振荡的问题。 结论 该控制策略削弱了因有功指令变化或者负载投切对无功功率产生的干扰,抑制了系统动态过程中功率的强耦合现象。

关键词: 虚拟同步发电机(VSG), 功率耦合, 虚拟电容, 微电网, 线路阻抗, 虚拟阻抗, 功率解耦, 分布式能源

Abstract:

Objectives When a virtual synchronous generator (VSG) is connected to a medium and low voltage distribution network, the line impedance exhibits resistive and inductive characteristics, resulting in strong coupling in the VSG output power. This coupling can cause power oscillations and even deviations in the internal power control, affecting power quality and transmission stability. To address these issues, an improved power decoupling strategy based on virtual capacitance is proposed. Methods By simplifying the VSG grid-connected model and conducting small-signal modeling, the power coupling mechanism is analyzed to identify key factors contributing to coupling. Based on this analysis, the concept of virtual capacitance is introduced, and an improved control method utilizing virtual capacitance is proposed. Finally, simulations are conducted on the MATLAB/Simulink platform to verify the effectiveness of the proposed strategy. Results The capacitive characteristics of virtual capacitance not only enhance the system’s operational stability, but also correct the output voltage reference, effectively mitigating oscillations exacerbated by power coupling. Conclusions The proposed control strategy reduces the interference caused by active power command changes or load switching on reactive power, suppressing strong power coupling during the dynamic process of the system.

Key words: virtual synchronous generator (VSG), power coupling, virtual capacitance, microgrid, line impedance, virtual impedance, power decoupling, distributed energy resources

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