发电技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (1): 42-57.DOI: 10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.24117

• 储能 • 上一篇    下一篇

水合盐基无机复合相变材料及其在电池热管理中的应用研究进展

王森1,2, 马力群1,2, 侯文杰3, 安周建3, 张东3, Pea Hamir Johan Mombeki3,4   

  1. 1.兰州兰石换热设备有限责任公司,甘肃省 兰州市 730314
    2.兰州兰石能源装备工程 研究院有限公司,甘肃省 兰州市 730314
    3.兰州理工大学能源与动力工程学院,甘肃省 兰州市 730050
    4.刚果马里昂?恩古阿比大学机械与能源工程实验室,刚果 布拉柴维尔 69
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-24 修回日期:2024-09-26 出版日期:2025-02-28 发布日期:2025-02-27
  • 作者简介:王森(1983),男,硕士,高级工程师,研究方向为储热及传热技术,Sen_Wang_LS@163.com
    安周建(1990),男,博士,副教授,研究方向为相变储能及热管理技术,anzhoujian@lut.edu.cn
    张东(1985),男,博士,教授,研究方向为储能及强化传热技术,本文通信作者,zhangdong@lut.edu.cn
    Hamir Johan Mombeki Pea (1991),男,博士研究生,研究方向为相变储能及热管理技术,hamirmbk@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(52206087);甘肃省科技计划项目联合科研基金重点项目(23JRRA1563)

Research Progress on Hydrated Salt-Based Inorganic Composite Phase Change Materials and Their Applications in Battery Thermal Management

Sen WANG1,2, Liqun MA1,2, Wenjie HOU3, Zhoujian AN3, Dong ZHANG3, Hamir Johan Mombeki Pea3,4   

  1. 1.Lanzhou LS Heat Exchange Equipment Co. , Ltd. , Lanzhou 730314, Gansu Province, China
    2.Lanzhou LS Energy Equipment Engineering Research Institute Co. , Ltd. , Lanzhou 730314, Gansu Province, China
    3.College of Energy and Power Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, Gansu Province, China
    4.Laboratoire de Mécanique, Energétique et Ingénierie, Université Marien NGouabi, Brazzaville 69, Congo
  • Received:2024-07-24 Revised:2024-09-26 Published:2025-02-28 Online:2025-02-27
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(52206087);Key Project of Joint Foundation of Science and Technology Planning in Gansu Province(23JRRA1563)

摘要:

目的 相变储热技术是近年来最受关注的能源存储与管理技术之一,对实现能源综合梯度利用和提高能源利用效率具有重要意义。水合盐基无机复合相变材料在能源存储和热管理领域表现出巨大的应用潜力。通过分析材料物性特征及其在电池热管理领域应用情况,明确其在物性改良以及应用层面面临的技术挑战,并提出相应的改进策略,为推动水合盐基无机复合相变材料的应用提供思路。 方法 通过分析近年来国内外有关水合盐相变材料的研究成果,讨论了添加剂改性、合理封装等方法对水合盐相变材料的过冷、相分离和液相泄漏等固有缺陷的改善效果,以及对相变温度、潜热、热导率等热物性和热循环稳定性的影响。 结果 改性技术明显改善了水合盐相变材料的固有缺陷,显著提高了材料的热导率和热循环稳定性。此外,水合盐基无机复合相变材料在锂离子电池热管理中表现出优异的性能,显著降低了电池最高温度和最大温差,从而提升了电池的整体性能和安全性。 结论 水合盐基无机复合相变材料的大规模应用仍面临材料热稳定性和成本等挑战,未来研究应进一步优化这些材料的组成和结构,开发新型封装材料和添加剂,以全面提高材料的综合性能。特别是在锂离子电池热管理方面,应加强材料热物性特征与电池电化学性能的耦合研究,为设计高效、安全的电池热管理系统提供充足的理论和实验依据。

关键词: 相变储热, 水合盐, 复合相变材料, 锂离子电池, 电池热管理, 热失控防护, 添加剂, 封装材料

Abstract:

Objectives Phase change heat storage technology is one of the most concerned energy storage and management techniques in recent years, which is of great significance to realize the comprehensive gradient utilization of energy and improve the efficiency of energy utilization. Hydrated salt-based inorganic composite phase change material (PCM) exhibits significant potential for energy storage and thermal management. This review analyzes the physical properties of materials and the application in battery thermal management, to clarify the technical challenges faced in improving properties and applications. The corresponding improvement strategies are proposed to promote the application of hydrated salt-based inorganic composite PCM. Methods By analyzing the research results of hydrated salt PCM at home and abroad in recent years, the improvement effects of additives modification and reasonable encapsulation on the inherent defects such as supercooling, phase separation and liquid phase leakage of hydrated salt PCM, as well as the effects on phase change temperature, latent heat, thermal conductivity and thermal cycle stability are discussed. Results The modification technology significantly improves the inherent defects of the hydrated salt PCM, and significantly improves the thermal conductivity and thermal cycle stability of the material. Furthermore, hydrated salt-based inorganic composite PCM demonstrates excellent performance in lithium-ion battery thermal management, significantly lowering the maximum temperature and temperature differential, thereby improving overall battery performance and safety. Conclusions The large-scale application of hydrated salt-based inorganic composite PCM still faces challenges related to thermal stability and cost. Future research should further optimize the composition and structure of these materials, develop new encapsulation materials and additives, and comprehensively improve the overall performance of the materials. Particularly in the area of thermal management for lithium-ion batteries, it is crucial to strengthen the coupling research between the thermal physical characteristics of the materials and the electrochemical performance of the batteries, and provide sufficient theoretical and experimental basis for designing efficient and safe battery thermal management systems.

Key words: phase change heat storage, hydrated salt, composite phase change materials, lithium-ion battery, battery thermal management, thermal runaway protection, additives, encapsulation materials

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