锂离子电容器性能分析及其应用

doi:10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.22131

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

锂离子电容器作为一种新型的储能器件，不仅具有较高能量密度，还具有较为优异的功率密度和超长的循环寿命，在高功率和长寿命的应用场景具有极大的应用潜力。首先，从理论上分析了双电层电容器能量密度受限原理以及锂离子电容器性能提升的因素；其次，对比讨论了锂离子电容器和双电层电容器的性能差异；最后，对锂离子电容器在智能仪表、汽车节能减排、新能源汽车、可再生能源发电与功率储能的应用潜力进行了分析。研究结果为锂离子电容器能量密度的进一步提升提供了理论基础，为锂离子电容器的应用指明了方向。

关键词: 新能源, 储能, 锂离子电容器, 能量受限原理, 性能对比

Abstract:

As a new type of energy storage device, lithium ion capacitors not only have high energy density, but also have excellent power density and long cycle life. They have great application potential in high-power and long-life application scenarios. Firstly, this paper theoretically analyzed the reasons for the energy limitation of electrical double-layer capacitors and the performance improvement of lithium ion capacitors, and then compared and discussed the performance differences between lithium ion capacitors and electrical double-layer capacitors. Finally, the application potential of lithium ion capacitors in intelligent instruments, automotive energy conservation and emission reduction, new energy vehicles and renewable energy power generation and power storage was briefly analyzed. The results provide a theoretical basis for further improving the energy density of lithium ion capacitors, and point out the direction for the application of lithium ion capacitors.

Key words: new energy, energy storage, lithium ion capacitors, energy limitation principle, performance comparison

中图分类号:

TK 02

郑俊生, 吕心荣, 郑剑平. 锂离子电容器性能分析及其应用[J]. 发电技术, 2022, 43(5): 775-783.

Junsheng ZHENG, Xinrong LÜ, Jim P. ZHENG. Performance Analysis and Application of Lithium Ion Capacitors[J]. Power Generation Technology, 2022, 43(5): 775-783.

图/表 9

图1 锂离子电池和双电层电容器的结构

Fig. 1 Structures of LIBs and EDLCs

图2 双电层电容器能量密度随比电容、电压的变化曲线

Fig. 2 Variation curves of energy density of EDLCs with electrode capacity and voltage

图3 锂离子电容器工作原理示意图

Fig. 3 Schematic diagram of working principle of LICs

图4 锂离子电容器工作过程中的电位变化图

Fig. 4 Potential change diagram of LICs during operation

图5 MP-G//G-COOH和AC//HC锂离子电容器的性能对比

Fig. 5 Performance comparison of MP-G//G-COOH and AC//HC LICs

图6 60 C下不同正负极比例的锂离子电容器的循环性能

Fig. 6 Cycle performance of LICs with different positive and negative electrode ratios at 60 C

图7 双电层电容器和锂离子电容器自放电性能差异原理

Fig. 7 Principle of self discharge performance difference between EDLCs and LICs

图8 温度对锂离子电容器性能的影响

Fig. 8 Effect of temperature on the performance of LICs

图9 具有锂离子电容器的48 V启停系统工作曲线

Fig. 9 Working curves of 48 V start-stop system with LICs

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