发电技术 ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (5): 645-655.DOI: 10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.23001
石梦舒1, 许小峰1, 张继广2, 李忆2, 周保中2, 乐鹰2, 毕圣2
收稿日期:
2023-01-05
出版日期:
2023-10-31
发布日期:
2023-10-30
作者简介:
Mengshu SHI1, Xiaofeng XU1, Jiguang ZHANG2, Yi LI2, Baozhong ZHOU2, Ying LE2, Sheng BI2
Received:
2023-01-05
Published:
2023-10-31
Online:
2023-10-30
摘要:
虚拟电厂(virtual power plant,VPP)作为资源聚合的主体,不仅需要参与外部能源市场,还需要对内部资源进行优化管理。区别于其他储能系统,氢储能系统除了能够承担电能的备用补充功能外,还可以参与氢市场。对于虚拟电厂运营商(virtual power plant operator,VPPO)而言,其既需要对内部资源进行优化调度,又需要根据运行情况和外部市场信息制定电-氢两级市场的竞标策略。考虑到内外双侧互动机制,研究构建了两阶段模型,第一阶段模型在考虑可再生能源、柔性负荷、抽蓄储能以及氢储能系统的内部资源互补特性的基础上进行运行优化;第二阶段模型以电能量市场、辅助服务市场和氢市场总收益最大为目标优化竞标策略。最后,构建典型场景并通过算例分析验证策略的合理性与有效性。
中图分类号:
石梦舒, 许小峰, 张继广, 李忆, 周保中, 乐鹰, 毕圣. 考虑电-氢市场的虚拟电厂两阶段优化策略研究[J]. 发电技术, 2023, 44(5): 645-655.
Mengshu SHI, Xiaofeng XU, Jiguang ZHANG, Yi LI, Baozhong ZHOU, Ying LE, Sheng BI. A Two-Stage Optimization Strategy for Virtual Power Plants Considering the Electricity-Hydrogen Market[J]. Power Generation Technology, 2023, 44(5): 645-655.
参数类型 | 参数 | 数值 |
---|---|---|
设备运行参数 | 电转氢效率/% | 65 |
电转氢转电效率/% | 44 | |
抽蓄电站效率/% | 70 | |
价格参数 | 氢价格/(元/m3) | 4 |
设备容量参数 | 抽蓄电站容量/kW | 300 |
电解水制氢装置容量/kW | 100 | |
储氢装置容量/m3 | 250 | |
燃料电池容量/kW | 45 |
表1 参数
Tab. 1 Parameters
参数类型 | 参数 | 数值 |
---|---|---|
设备运行参数 | 电转氢效率/% | 65 |
电转氢转电效率/% | 44 | |
抽蓄电站效率/% | 70 | |
价格参数 | 氢价格/(元/m3) | 4 |
设备容量参数 | 抽蓄电站容量/kW | 300 |
电解水制氢装置容量/kW | 100 | |
储氢装置容量/m3 | 250 | |
燃料电池容量/kW | 45 |
项目 | 风光出力 | 柔性负荷 | 抽蓄电站 | 氢储能系统 |
---|---|---|---|---|
场景1 | | | ||
场景2 | | | | |
场景3 | | | | |
场景4 | | | | |
表2 典型场景
Tab. 2 Typical scenarios
项目 | 风光出力 | 柔性负荷 | 抽蓄电站 | 氢储能系统 |
---|---|---|---|---|
场景1 | | | ||
场景2 | | | | |
场景3 | | | | |
场景4 | | | | |
场景 | 春季典型日 | 夏季典型日 | 秋季典型日 | 冬季典型日 |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 4 098.34 | 4 808.00 | 4 282.84 | 3 843.99 |
2 | 4 098.34 | 4 808.00 | 4 282.84 | 3 843.99 |
3 | 3 501.41 | 4 208.00 | 3 701.25 | 3 269.77 |
4 | 3 501.41 | 4 208.00 | 3 701.25 | 3 269.77 |
表3 电能量市场总竞标结果 (kW⋅h)
Tab. 3 Total bidding results of electricenergy market
场景 | 春季典型日 | 夏季典型日 | 秋季典型日 | 冬季典型日 |
---|---|---|---|---|
1 | 4 098.34 | 4 808.00 | 4 282.84 | 3 843.99 |
2 | 4 098.34 | 4 808.00 | 4 282.84 | 3 843.99 |
3 | 3 501.41 | 4 208.00 | 3 701.25 | 3 269.77 |
4 | 3 501.41 | 4 208.00 | 3 701.25 | 3 269.77 |
季节 | 场景 | 电力市场收益 | 氢市场收益 | 购电成本 | 弃电惩罚 | 失负荷惩罚 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
春季 | 1 | 2 291.00 | — | 4 203.36 | 227.57 | 90.85 |
2 | 5 017.65 | — | 2 303.97 | 0 | 0 | |
3 | 2 028.35 | 834.20 | 3 467.58 | 67.62 | 0 | |
4 | 5 479.00 | 657.75 | 2 082.45 | 0 | 0 | |
夏季 | 1 | 3 455.54 | — | 6 129.52 | 236.29 | 377.62 |
2 | 5 489.15 | — | 2 413.66 | 0 | 0 | |
3 | 4 210.09 | 0 | 3 642.17 | 75.40 | 0 | |
4 | 5 996.65 | 953.97 | 2 181.61 | 0 | 0 | |
秋季 | 1 | 2 363.97 | — | 5 345.60 | 227.57 | 56.83 |
2 | 5 081.84 | — | 4 683.79 | 0 | 0 | |
3 | 3 741.48 | 0 | 3 467.58 | 67.62 | 0 | |
4 | 5 549.17 | 641.40 | 2 082.44 | 0 | 0 | |
冬季 | 1 | 2 113.84 | — | 6 204.31 | 160.85 | 480.68 |
2 | 4 765.59 | — | 2 716.25 | 0 | 0 | |
3 | 1 861.18 | 194.54 | 3 743.61 | 20.63 | 0 | |
4 | 5 275.20 | 39.84 | 2 436.50 | 0 | 0 |
表4 典型日竞标总收益 (元)
Tab. 4 Total bidding revenue for a typical day
季节 | 场景 | 电力市场收益 | 氢市场收益 | 购电成本 | 弃电惩罚 | 失负荷惩罚 |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
春季 | 1 | 2 291.00 | — | 4 203.36 | 227.57 | 90.85 |
2 | 5 017.65 | — | 2 303.97 | 0 | 0 | |
3 | 2 028.35 | 834.20 | 3 467.58 | 67.62 | 0 | |
4 | 5 479.00 | 657.75 | 2 082.45 | 0 | 0 | |
夏季 | 1 | 3 455.54 | — | 6 129.52 | 236.29 | 377.62 |
2 | 5 489.15 | — | 2 413.66 | 0 | 0 | |
3 | 4 210.09 | 0 | 3 642.17 | 75.40 | 0 | |
4 | 5 996.65 | 953.97 | 2 181.61 | 0 | 0 | |
秋季 | 1 | 2 363.97 | — | 5 345.60 | 227.57 | 56.83 |
2 | 5 081.84 | — | 4 683.79 | 0 | 0 | |
3 | 3 741.48 | 0 | 3 467.58 | 67.62 | 0 | |
4 | 5 549.17 | 641.40 | 2 082.44 | 0 | 0 | |
冬季 | 1 | 2 113.84 | — | 6 204.31 | 160.85 | 480.68 |
2 | 4 765.59 | — | 2 716.25 | 0 | 0 | |
3 | 1 861.18 | 194.54 | 3 743.61 | 20.63 | 0 | |
4 | 5 275.20 | 39.84 | 2 436.50 | 0 | 0 |
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