耦合膜冷凝器的碳捕集系统能耗特性分析

doi:10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.22076

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

针对燃煤机组燃烧后脱碳能耗高的问题，基于膜冷凝器对烟气中低品位热的回收潜力，提出一种耦合膜冷凝器的碳捕集新系统。运用化工流程模拟软件Aspen plus，以Tarong常规碳捕集系统为参照，对比分析膜冷凝器用于流程改造前后碳捕集冷热负荷变化，为装置的设计和运行提供依据。在碳捕集率为90%时，相比常规碳捕集系统4.341 MJ/kg CO₂的再生能耗，新系统再生能耗降低到4.275 MJ/kg CO₂。通过改变新系统的关键参数发现：膜冷凝器进出口烟温和CO₂捕集率一定时，烟气水回收率增加，再生能耗降低；膜冷凝器出口烟温、烟气水回收率和CO₂捕集率一定时，入口烟温增加，再生能耗降低。此外，冷负荷随水回收率的增大而减小，随热回收量的增大而增大。

关键词: 碳捕集, 醇胺溶液, 膜冷凝器, 再生能耗

Abstract:

Aiming at the high energy consumption of coal fired units integrated with post-combustion CO₂ capture systems, a carbon capture system integrated with membrane condenser based on the recovery potential of low-grade heat in flue gas by membrane condenser was proposed. Based on the chemical process simulation software Aspen plus and Tarong conventional carbon capture system as a reference, a comparative analysis was conducted on the changes in cold and hot load of carbon capture before and after the membrane condenser was used for process transformation, providing a basis for the design and operation of the device. When the carbon capture rate is 90%, the regeneration energy consumption of the new system is reduced to 4.275 MJ/kg CO₂ compared with 4.341 MJ/kg CO₂ of the conventional carbon capture system. Changing the key parameters of the new system, it is found that when the flue gas temperature and CO₂ capture rate of the inlet and outlet of the membrane condenser are constant, the recovery rate of flue gas water increases and the regeneration energy consumption decreases. When the outlet flue gas temperature, flue gas water recovery rate and CO₂ capture rate of membrane condenser are constant, the inlet flue gas temperature increases and the regeneration energy consumption decreases. In addition, the cooling load decreases with the increase of water recovery and increases with the increase of heat recovery.

Key words: carbon capture, alcohol amine solution, membrane condenser, regeneration energy consumption

中图分类号:

TK 09

翟融融, 魏清, 冯凌杰, 孙舸洵. 耦合膜冷凝器的碳捕集系统能耗特性分析[J]. 发电技术, 2023, 44(5): 667-673.

Rongrong ZHAI, Qing WEI, Lingjie FENG, Gexun SUN. Analysis of Energy Consumption Characteristics of Carbon Capture System in Coupled Membrane Condenser[J]. Power Generation Technology, 2023, 44(5): 667-673.

图/表 11

图1 Tarong CO2捕集中试工厂常规工艺

Fig. 1 Tarong CO2 capture pilot plant conventional process

图2 膜冷凝器回收烟气水热改造方案

Fig. 2 Water and heat recovery of flue gas by membrane condenser

图3 组件的物理模型

Fig. 3 Physical model of the component

图4 计算流程图

Fig. 4 Calculation flow chart

表1 CO2吸收解吸试验条件

Tab. 1 Conditions of CO2 absorption and desorption test

参数	数值
贫液温度/℃	39.7
贫液MEA质量分数/%	26.2
贫液CO₂负荷/(mol/mol)	0.314
入口烟气温度/℃	61.8
入口气体压力/kPa	108.3
入口烟气流量/(kg/h)	598
入口烟气CO₂体积分数/%	11.1
入口烟气H₂O体积分数/%	5.5
入口烟气O₂体积分数/%	6
入口烟气N₂体积分数/%	77.4
冷凝器温度/℃	20.7
解吸塔顶压力/kPa	200.5

表2 Tarong CO2捕集中试工厂常规流程模拟结果比较

Tab. 2 Comparison of simulation results of Tarong CO2 capture pilot plant conventional process

参数	文献［22］模拟值	模拟值	相对误差/%
富液CO₂负荷/(mol/mol)	0.499	0.514	2.97
再生能耗/(MJ/kg CO₂)	4.46	4.285	3.92
再沸器温度/℃	121	117.7	2.80
CO₂吸收速率/(kg/h)	75.6	73.0	3.44
CO₂体积分数/%	98.8	98.4	0.40

表3 Tarong常规碳捕集系统和新系统模拟结果比较

Tab. 3 Comparison of simulation results between Tarong conventional carbon capture system and the new system

参数	Tarong常规碳捕集系统	新系统
再生能耗/(MJ/kg CO₂)	4.341	4.275
冷却负荷/(MJ/kg CO₂)	2.243	2.329
冷凝负荷/(MJ/kg CO₂)	0.335	0.333
烟气温度/℃	61.8	61.8
烟气N₂流量/(kg/h)	439.85	439.85
烟气CO₂流量/(kg/h)	99.10	99.10
烟气O₂流量/(kg/h)	38.95	38.95
烟气H₂O流量/(kg/h)	20.10	12.06

图5 膜冷凝器入口烟温对再生能耗的影响

Fig. 5 Effect of inlet flue gas temperature of membrane condenser on regenerative energy consumption

图6 膜冷凝器入口烟温对冷负荷的影响

Fig. 6 Effect of inlet flue gas temperature of membrane condenser on cooling load

图7 烟气水回收率对再生能耗的影响

Fig. 7 Effect of water recovery rate of flue gas on regenerative energy consumption

图8 烟气水回收率对冷负荷的影响

Fig. 8 Effect of water recovery rate of flue gas on cooling load

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