Control Strategy of Civil Controllable Load Participating in Demand Response

doi:10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.20014

Abstract

Abstract:

Under the development trend of continuous growth of the peak of power load and large scale renewable energy penetration, in order to achieve renewable energy accommodation and stabilize power grid fluctuation, the means of demand side civil controllable load participating in demand response can be adopted for regulation. In particular, the control of family controllable load is extended from single family control to multiple families, and finally large-scale load group control can be realized. Firstly, the research results of demand response mode, load classification modeling and control strategy in recent years were summarized, and the general models of various loads were summarized based on the characteristics of load power consumption. Then, the characteristics and shortcomings of multi-objective optimization control strategy, hierarchical control strategy, multi-time scale control strategy and priority control strategy were analyzed. Finally, the further research direction of different control strategies in the control of demand response was pointed out. And combined with the situation of our country, the development prospect of demand response was prospected from the perspective of civil controllable load participating in demand response regulation.

Key words: renewable energy accommodation, power system, demand response, controllable load, control strategy, smart grid

CLC Number:

TK01
TM71

Yan WANG, Xiuyuan YANG, Jianfeng XU, Siqi BU, Zhiqiang XU. Control Strategy of Civil Controllable Load Participating in Demand Response[J]. Power Generation Technology, 2020, 41(6): 638-649.

Figures/Tables 10

References 43

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类型	特点及功能
分时电价	实现难度低，更新周期长，反映较长周期内电能成本变化
实时电价	更新周期较短，反映电力系统在短周期内的供电成本变化
尖峰电价	机制新，实现难度大，可应对紧急情况出现，可避免价格风险

类型	特点及功能
分时电价	实现难度低，更新周期长，反映较长周期内电能成本变化
实时电价	更新周期较短，反映电力系统在短周期内的供电成本变化
尖峰电价	机制新，实现难度大，可应对紧急情况出现，可避免价格风险

类型	说明
直接负荷控制	用电高峰或供电紧张时，远程控制或者关闭用户的用电负荷。给予用户一定的中断补偿
可中断负荷	电网高峰时段，根据与供电公司签订的合同，用户主动中断部分用电。未履约，将受到责罚
紧急需求响应	电网出现紧急情况时，参与用户按照指令主动削减负荷。EDR是自愿参与的，不参与不受罚
需求侧竞价	用户通过竞价或者合同订购的方式参与DR (日前市场DR、实时市场DR)。参与日前市场是强制性的，参与实时市场是自愿的
辅助服务项目	用户提供削减负荷作为电网运行备用，参与用户在响应速度、响应容量等方面有条件限制

类型	说明
直接负荷控制	用电高峰或供电紧张时，远程控制或者关闭用户的用电负荷。给予用户一定的中断补偿
可中断负荷	电网高峰时段，根据与供电公司签订的合同，用户主动中断部分用电。未履约，将受到责罚
紧急需求响应	电网出现紧急情况时，参与用户按照指令主动削减负荷。EDR是自愿参与的，不参与不受罚
需求侧竞价	用户通过竞价或者合同订购的方式参与DR (日前市场DR、实时市场DR)。参与日前市场是强制性的，参与实时市场是自愿的
辅助服务项目	用户提供削减负荷作为电网运行备用，参与用户在响应速度、响应容量等方面有条件限制

类别	控制特点	不足之处
多目标优化控制策略	优化目标明确，针对不同的优化目标，建立不同的优化模型，可同时考虑能效以及经济性	计算难度大，目标越多，运算量越大
分层结构控制策略	结构层次清晰，可实现分散自治-集中调控	负荷聚合商的引入，多以成本作为优化目标，对电网负荷波动方面研究欠缺
多时间尺度控制策略	最大化挖掘了各类可控负荷需求响应的潜力，合理利用了可控负荷多时间尺度的特性，面对风电预测存在误差的情况，实现多级协调，逐步细化	弱化了对聚合商与分散的各小负荷间的控制
优先级控制策略	对多种负荷同时进行控制，控制对象多样	研究范围小，未考虑用户群的情况