Research Progress on Industrialization of Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell Technology

doi:10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.260104

Abstract

Abstract:

Objectives High-temperature solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) technology is regarded as one of the key technologies to achieve sustainable hydrogen production due to its advantages of high efficiency, environmental friendliness, and waste heat utilization. Therefore, the industrialization development of SOEC technology is systematically reviewed and prospected, so as to provide multiple application scenarios for water electrolysis-based hydrogen production in China. Methods First, the research progress, market applications, and challenges encountered in the process of industrialization of SOEC technology at home and abroad are analyzed in depth. Second, the application potential and related technical solutions of SOEC technology in different application scenarios are evaluated. Finally, the future development prospects and trends of SOEC technology are discussed based on the main SOEC technology manufacturers and related projects at home and abroad. Conclusions SOEC technology is a key way to achieve sustainable hydrogen production. Its industrialization process urgently requires removing barriers to coordinated development across upstream and downstream industrial chains. At the same time, in order to achieve its large-scale application, it is necessary to solve a series of critical technical challenges through technological innovation. With the maturity of the technology, SOEC is expected to be widely used in the chemical industry, distributed power generation, and other fields, making a significant contribution to meeting global energy demands and achieving decarbonization goals.

Key words: hydrogen energy, renewable energy, water electrolysis, hydrogen production technology, high-temperature solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC), industrialization analysis, commercial application, application scenarios

CLC Number:

TK 91

Lingfang ZHAO, Xi SUN, Hao YANG, Nannan DOU, Beibei DONG. Research Progress on Industrialization of Solid Oxide Electrolysis Cell Technology[J]. Power Generation Technology, 2026, 47(1): 38-52.

Figures/Tables 11

References 70

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特性	碱性电解水制氢	质子交换膜电解水制氢	高温固体氧化物电解水制氢
能源效率/%	59~70	65~82	85~100
运行温度/℃	60~80	50~90	600~1 000
电流密度/(A⋅cm^-2)	0.2~0.5	1.0~3.0	0.3~2.0
能耗/(kW⋅h⋅m^-3)	4.2~5.9	4.2~4.6	>3.0
启停速度	较快	快	慢
电能质量需求	稳定电源	可以采用波动电源	稳定电源
电解质	5 mol⋅L^-1 KOH/NaOH	固体聚合物电解质	钇稳定的氧化锆
电解槽成本/(美元/kW)	880~1 650	1 540~2 550	>2 000
安全性	较差	较好	较差
技术成熟度	技术成熟，已实现大规模工业应用，成本低	有较好的可再生能源适应性，无污染，但成本高，商业化水平低	部分电能被热能取代，能源转化效率高，但高温限制材料选择，且尚未实现工业化
国外代表企业	法国Mcphy、美国Teledyne、挪威Nel	美国Proton、加拿大Hydrogenics	丹麦Haldor Topsoe、德国Sunfire
国内代表企业	苏州竞立、天津大陆制氢、中船重工718所	大连化物所、中船重工718所、中电丰业、安思卓、中国航天科技507所	大连化物所、清华大学、宁波材料所、北京低碳所

特性	碱性电解水制氢	质子交换膜电解水制氢	高温固体氧化物电解水制氢
能源效率/%	59~70	65~82	85~100
运行温度/℃	60~80	50~90	600~1 000
电流密度/(A⋅cm^-2)	0.2~0.5	1.0~3.0	0.3~2.0
能耗/(kW⋅h⋅m^-3)	4.2~5.9	4.2~4.6	>3.0
启停速度	较快	快	慢
电能质量需求	稳定电源	可以采用波动电源	稳定电源
电解质	5 mol⋅L^-1 KOH/NaOH	固体聚合物电解质	钇稳定的氧化锆
电解槽成本/(美元/kW)	880~1 650	1 540~2 550	>2 000
安全性	较差	较好	较差
技术成熟度	技术成熟，已实现大规模工业应用，成本低	有较好的可再生能源适应性，无污染，但成本高，商业化水平低	部分电能被热能取代，能源转化效率高，但高温限制材料选择，且尚未实现工业化
国外代表企业	法国Mcphy、美国Teledyne、挪威Nel	美国Proton、加拿大Hydrogenics	丹麦Haldor Topsoe、德国Sunfire
国内代表企业	苏州竞立、天津大陆制氢、中船重工718所	大连化物所、中船重工718所、中电丰业、安思卓、中国航天科技507所	大连化物所、清华大学、宁波材料所、北京低碳所

模式	LHV效率/%	HHV效率/%
SOEC(含蒸汽发生器)	60.5	71.1
SOEC(无蒸汽发生器)	72.0	84.4
SOEC(无蒸汽发生器和压缩机)	84.5	99.3
SOFC	49.2	42.1

模式	LHV效率/%	HHV效率/%
SOEC(含蒸汽发生器)	60.5	71.1
SOEC(无蒸汽发生器)	72.0	84.4
SOEC(无蒸汽发生器和压缩机)	84.5	99.3
SOFC	49.2	42.1

参数	运行模式
参数	电解模式	HFC模式	NGFC模式
交流电输入功率	(142.9±11.4) kW	—	—
交流电输出功率	—	(30.0±3.0) kW	(25.0±2.5) kW
氢气产量	(40.0±2.0) m³/h	—	—
蒸汽消耗量	(45.0±2.5) kg/h	—	—
氢气消耗量	—	(21.3±3.2) m³/h	—
天然气消耗量	—	—	(5.3±0.8) m³/h
动态范围	50%~125%	30%~100%	30%~100%
交流电系统效率	84%±2%	47%±2%	50%±2%