Abstract:  [Objectives] Against the backdrop of energy resource scarcity and increasing environmental demands, distributed energy supply technologies, especially renewable energy technologies, have attracted much attention due to their high energy efficiency, economic viability, and flexible installation. For remote areas such as plateaus, border defenses, and islands that are not covered by public power grids, isolated microgrids have become a key technology to solve the problem of electricity access. However, how to deeply optimize energy management efficiency remains a major challenge at present. This paper focuses on the two core objectives of economic and stable electricity in isolated microgrids and conducts a review. [Methods] The paper first briefly describes the development status and research priorities of isolated microgrids at home and abroad. Then it discusses the basic functions and management objects of isolated microgrids; in addition, it introduces the technical routes for microgrid energy management and three control strategies. [Results] Finally, the paper looks forward to the research directions of the energy management system for isolated microgrids in combination with existing technical defects and the development of new technologies. [Conclusions] This review can provide references and insights for the deep integration of future isolated microgrids with new technologies.

Key words: distributed energy supply, islanded operation, microgrid, energy management, energy storage, optimization algorithm, management objects;artificial intelligence