Power Generation Technology ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (1): 53-64.DOI: 10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.260105

• New Energy • Previous Articles     Next Articles

Short-Term PV Power Prediction Considering Weather-Coupled Similar Days

Jing LU1, Yuanhao YANG2, Zhonghong WANG3, Rui WANG2   

  1. 1.School of Computer Science and Technology, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, Henan Province, China
    2.School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, Henan Province, China
    3.Huaneng Rizhao Power Plant, Rizhao 276826, Shandong Province, China
  • Received:2025-01-17 Revised:2025-04-24 Published:2026-02-28 Online:2026-02-12
  • Supported by:
    National Natural Science Foundation of China(62273133);Henan Science and Technology Research Project(222102210120)

Abstract:

Objectives To make full use of historical information, maximize the optimization of model effect and improve the accuracy of photovoltaic (PV) power prediction, a short-term PV power prediction method considering weather-coupled similar days is proposed. Methods Firstly, fuzzy C-means clustering is used to divide the dataset into different weather types, and the correlation weight factors are calculated according to the affiliation and features selection of the day to be predicted for each weather type, and the similarity of the historical days is calculated by grey relation analysis, and similar days with weather coupling are selected. The similar days are decomposed into modal components with different frequencies by variational mode decomposition to realize further denoising. Secondly, in order to fully utilize the nonlinear fitting ability of the model, the red-tailed hawk algorithm (RTHA) is used to optimize the hyperparameters of the bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM) network model, and the RTHA-BiLSTM model is constructed to predict the modal components. Finally, taking the actual data of a power plant in Jiangsu Province as an example, the simulation experiment is carried out to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. Results In sunny, cloudy and rainy scenarios, compared with the method without similar days, the proposed method reduces the root mean square error by 9.1%, 6.1%, 2.9% and 11.1%, 6.5%, 13.9% in the single model and the combined model, respectively. Conclusions The proposed method can effectively improve the prediction accuracy of PV power, has good robustness and strong prediction ability, and can better cope with the prediction tasks in different scenarios.

Key words: photovoltaic (PV) power generation, power prediction, fuzzy C-means clustering, grey relation analysis, similar days, red-tailed hawk algorithm

CLC Number: