Equivalent Modeling Method of Sub-synchronous Oscillation in Wind Farm

doi:10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.21121

Abstract

Abstract:

The number of turbines in the actual wind farm is large and at different operating wind speeds. It is very complicated to build a sub-synchronous oscillation study model that includes a detailed model of each turbine. Furthermore, it is time-consuming and computationally intensive to apply the model to the sub-synchronous oscillation study. Therefore, it is necessary to simplify the complexity of the sub-synchronous oscillation study by establishing a wind farm equivalent model that retains the sub-synchronous oscillation characteristics of the interaction between the wind farm and the interconnected system. In this paper, the effect of different control strategies on the sub-synchronous oscillation model in different operating wind speed intervals of wind turbines was taken into account, and the wind turbines were clustered using the K-means algorithm based on wind speed indexes. Considering the effects of different current amplitude and phase at the terminal of each wind turbine, a simplified modeling method of the collector system based on power equivalence was proposed. And the relevant wind farm simulation model was built in PSCAD/EMTDC, and the sub-synchronous oscillation modes before and after the equivalence were used to verify the rationality of this equivalence method.

Key words: wind farm, collector system, sub-synchronous oscillation, power equivalence

CLC Number:

TK 89

Jiale KANG, Hao YU, Yao DUAN, Wuhui CHEN, Danhui WANG. Equivalent Modeling Method of Sub-synchronous Oscillation in Wind Farm[J]. Power Generation Technology, 2022, 43(6): 880-891.

Figures/Tables 21

Fig. 1 Operation regions of a typical double fedinduction generator

Fig. 2 Equivalent flowchart of wind turbines in a large wind plant

Fig. 3 Arrangement of wind turbines in a large wind plant

Fig. 4 Equivalent modeling of series wind turbine chain

Fig. 5 Equivalent Modeling of parallel wind turbine chain

Fig. 6 Equivalent modeling of series parallel wind turbine chains

Tab. 1 Parameters of the 5 MW wind turbine

额定容量/MW	额定电压/V	X_ls/pu	X_M/pu	X_lr/pu	R_s/pu	R_r/pu
5	690	0.10	4.50	0.11	0.005 4	0.006 07

Tab. 2 Parameters of the 35 kV aerial conductor

型号	额定电压/kV	截面积/mm²	每千米电阻/Ω	每千米电感/mH	允许载流量/A
LGJ	35	35	0.938	1.382	148
LGJ	35	50	0.678	1.350	193
LGJ	35	95	0.349	1.270	295
LGJ	35	120	0.285	1.248	335
LGJ	35	185	0.181	1.203	454

Fig. 7 Simplified arrangement of the wind farm

Tab. 3 Wind speed of each turbines in the plant

编号	风速/(m/s)	编号	风速/(m/s)
1	10.65	11	8.21
2	9.71	12	6.94
3	8.71	13	10.34
4	7.66	14	9.32
5	10.85	15	8.21
6	9.51	16	6.96
7	8.72	17	10.55
8	7.64	18	9.42
9	10.35	19	8.32
10	9.32	20	7.44

Tab. 4 Wind speed and impedance after final equivalence

分组编号	机组编号	等值风速/(m/s)	等值电阻/pu	等值电抗/pu
1	1，5，9，13，17	10.47	0.088	0.142
2	2，6，10，14，18	9.46	0.093	0.149
3	3，7，11，15，19	8.42	0.094	0.152
4	4，8，12，16，20	7.34	0.081	0.137

Fig. 8 Simplified arrangement of the wind farm

Fig. 9 Comparison of active and reactive powers between detailed and simplified models

Fig. 10 Different frequency components in current at the PCC of detailed model

Fig. 11 Different frequency components in current at the PCC of simplied model

Tab.5 Simulation time comparison

模型	实际运行时间/s
详细模型	219
简化等值模型	27

Fig. 12 Equivalence of two sub wind plants

Tab. 6 Number of wind turbines and wind speed in each sub-wind farm

子风电场编号	机组台数	风速/(m/s)
1	10	11
2	10	8

Tab. 7 Values of different wind speeds and impedances using different equivalent methods

等值方法	风速/(m/s)	电阻/pu	电抗/pu
未等值子风场1	11	0.025	0.128
未等值子风场2	8	0.008 5	0.427
串并联等值	9.7	0.006 4	0.032
功率等值	9.7	0.014	0.070

Fig. 13 Comparison of active powers between two different methods after connecting series compensation

Fig. 14 Comparison of reactive powers between two different methods after being disturbed

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