发电技术 ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (2): 304-314.DOI: 10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.260208
• 发电及环境保护 • 上一篇
张翼惟1, 张成1, 韩澳1, 马仑2, 黄浩3, 刘宇浓3, 方庆艳1, 陈刚1
收稿日期:2025-05-30
修回日期:2025-08-21
出版日期:2026-04-30
发布日期:2026-04-21
作者简介:基金资助:Yiwei ZHANG1, Cheng ZHANG1, Ao HAN1, Lun MA2, Hao HUANG3, Yunong LIU3, Qingyan FANG1, Gang CHEN1
Received:2025-05-30
Revised:2025-08-21
Published:2026-04-30
Online:2026-04-21
Supported by:摘要:
目的 废纺热解产物耦合燃煤发电不仅可提高废旧纺织品处理规模,降低发电成本,还对燃煤电厂碳减排有积极意义,为此,针对此工艺路线开展了燃烧数值模拟研究。 方法 构建了燃煤锅炉的网格模型,并耦合了纯煤燃烧及热解气燃烧反应机理。在此基础上进行了网格无关性和模型合理性验证,并以废纺热解质量流量、燃尽风风率、热解气入炉位置3个运行参数作为自变量,开展了燃烧数值模拟计算。 结果 3个参数的变化对炉膛出口飞灰含碳量及炉膛出口NO x 质量浓度具有复杂而显著的影响。 结论 综合考虑该工艺路线的安全、经济、环保性能,建议在热解半焦及热解气热量掺混比低于10%,且为炉外掺混方式下,将燃尽风风率维持在31%左右。对于废纺热解质量流量和热解气入炉位置,建议根据实际条件和需求来确定。
中图分类号:
张翼惟, 张成, 韩澳, 马仑, 黄浩, 刘宇浓, 方庆艳, 陈刚. 660 MW燃煤锅炉耦合废纺热解产物掺烧数值模拟研究[J]. 发电技术, 2026, 47(2): 304-314.
Yiwei ZHANG, Cheng ZHANG, Ao HAN, Lun MA, Hao HUANG, Yunong LIU, Qingyan FANG, Gang CHEN. Numerical Simulation of Combustion of Waste Textile Pyrolysis Products in a 660 MW Coal-Fired Boiler[J]. Power Generation Technology, 2026, 47(2): 304-314.
| 产物 | 热解半焦 | 热解油 | 热解气 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 热解产率/% | 23.30 | 24.43 | 52.27 |
表1 废纺热解产物产率
Tab. 1 Pyrolysis yield of waste textiles
| 产物 | 热解半焦 | 热解油 | 热解气 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 热解产率/% | 23.30 | 24.43 | 52.27 |
| 材料名称 | 工业分析 | 元素分析 | Qnet /(kJ/kg) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ad /% | Vd /% | FCd /% | Cd /% | Hd /% | Od /% | Nd /% | Sd /% | ||
| 废纺 | 0.24 | 89.81 | 9.95 | 62.60 | 4.79 | 31.90 | 0.47 | 0 | 22 300 |
表2 废纺原料工业分析、元素分析及热值分析
Tab. 2 Industrial analysis, elemental analysis and calorific value analysis of waste textile feedstock
| 材料名称 | 工业分析 | 元素分析 | Qnet /(kJ/kg) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ad /% | Vd /% | FCd /% | Cd /% | Hd /% | Od /% | Nd /% | Sd /% | ||
| 废纺 | 0.24 | 89.81 | 9.95 | 62.60 | 4.79 | 31.90 | 0.47 | 0 | 22 300 |
| 材料名称 | 工业分析 | 元素分析 | Qgr /(kJ/kg) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mar /% | Var /% | FCar /% | Aar /% | Car /% | Har /% | Oar /% | Nar /% | Sar /% | ||
| 设计煤种-1 | 11.71 | 23.67 | 49.17 | 15.45 | 60.17 | 4.16 | 6.82 | 0.88 | 0.81 | 23 948.25 |
| 设计煤种-2 | 15.69 | 28.50 | 47.17 | 8.64 | 60.43 | 3.77 | 10.35 | 0.71 | 0.41 | 24 510.46 |
| 燃用煤种 | 25.94 | 40.24 | 31.15 | 2.67 | 51.99 | 5.98 | 12.56 | 0.68 | 0.19 | 22 281.51 |
| 热解半焦 | 0 | 16.05 | 82.27 | 1.68 | 83.06 | 3.32 | 10.76 | 1.18 | 0 | 32 087.00 |
表3 设计煤种、燃用煤种及热解半焦工业分析、元素分析及热值分析
Tab. 3 Industrial analysis, elemental analysis and calorific value analysis of design coal, combustion coal and pyrolysis char
| 材料名称 | 工业分析 | 元素分析 | Qgr /(kJ/kg) | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mar /% | Var /% | FCar /% | Aar /% | Car /% | Har /% | Oar /% | Nar /% | Sar /% | ||
| 设计煤种-1 | 11.71 | 23.67 | 49.17 | 15.45 | 60.17 | 4.16 | 6.82 | 0.88 | 0.81 | 23 948.25 |
| 设计煤种-2 | 15.69 | 28.50 | 47.17 | 8.64 | 60.43 | 3.77 | 10.35 | 0.71 | 0.41 | 24 510.46 |
| 燃用煤种 | 25.94 | 40.24 | 31.15 | 2.67 | 51.99 | 5.98 | 12.56 | 0.68 | 0.19 | 22 281.51 |
| 热解半焦 | 0 | 16.05 | 82.27 | 1.68 | 83.06 | 3.32 | 10.76 | 1.18 | 0 | 32 087.00 |
| 参数 | CH4 | CO | CO2 | H2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 质量分数/% | 0.28 | 36.56 | 63.16 | 4.33×10-4 |
| Qgr /(kJ/kg) | 55 600.45 | 10 108.35 | — | 141 563.98 |
表4 热解气各组分质量分数及热值
Tab. 4 Mass fractions and calorific values of pyrolysis gas components
| 参数 | CH4 | CO | CO2 | H2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 质量分数/% | 0.28 | 36.56 | 63.16 | 4.33×10-4 |
| Qgr /(kJ/kg) | 55 600.45 | 10 108.35 | — | 141 563.98 |
| 序号 | 反应式 | A/(×1011 s-1) | E/(J/mol) |
|---|---|---|---|
| R1 | Vol1+0.96O2→0.79CO+0.26CO2+0.83H2O+0.007N2+ 0.002SO2 | 2.119 | 202.7 |
| R2 | Vol2+0.86O2→0.31CO+0.1CO2+2.037H2O+0.052N2 | 2.119 | 202.7 |
| R3 | CO+0.5O2→CO2 | 22.390 | 170.0 |
| R4 | CH4+1.5O2→CO+2H2O | 5.012 | 200.0 |
| R5 | H2+0.5O2→H2O | 0.010 | 31.0 |
表5 气相燃烧化学反应及动力学参数
Tab. 5 Equations and kinetic parameters of gas-phase combustion reactions
| 序号 | 反应式 | A/(×1011 s-1) | E/(J/mol) |
|---|---|---|---|
| R1 | Vol1+0.96O2→0.79CO+0.26CO2+0.83H2O+0.007N2+ 0.002SO2 | 2.119 | 202.7 |
| R2 | Vol2+0.86O2→0.31CO+0.1CO2+2.037H2O+0.052N2 | 2.119 | 202.7 |
| R3 | CO+0.5O2→CO2 | 22.390 | 170.0 |
| R4 | CH4+1.5O2→CO+2H2O | 5.012 | 200.0 |
| R5 | H2+0.5O2→H2O | 0.010 | 31.0 |
| 工况 | 废纺热解质量流量/(t/d) | 入炉热解半焦及热解气热量掺混比/% | 燃尽风风率/% | 热解气入炉高度/m |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 0 | 0 | 23 | — |
| 2 | 300 | 1.66 | 23 | 26.92 |
| 3 | 900 | 4.98 | 23 | 26.92 |
| 4 | 1 800 | 9.96 | 23 | 26.92 |
| 5 | 1 800 | 9.96 | 15 | 26.92 |
| 6 | 1 800 | 9.96 | 31 | 26.92 |
| 7 | 1 800 | 9.96 | 39 | 26.92 |
| 8 | 1 800 | 9.96 | 23 | 25.85 |
| 9 | 1 800 | 9.96 | 23 | 30.02 |
表6 模拟运行工况
Tab. 6 Simulation operating conditions
| 工况 | 废纺热解质量流量/(t/d) | 入炉热解半焦及热解气热量掺混比/% | 燃尽风风率/% | 热解气入炉高度/m |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 0 | 0 | 23 | — |
| 2 | 300 | 1.66 | 23 | 26.92 |
| 3 | 900 | 4.98 | 23 | 26.92 |
| 4 | 1 800 | 9.96 | 23 | 26.92 |
| 5 | 1 800 | 9.96 | 15 | 26.92 |
| 6 | 1 800 | 9.96 | 31 | 26.92 |
| 7 | 1 800 | 9.96 | 39 | 26.92 |
| 8 | 1 800 | 9.96 | 23 | 25.85 |
| 9 | 1 800 | 9.96 | 23 | 30.02 |
| 参数 | 出口O2摩尔分数 | 出口飞灰中残碳质量分数 | 出口NO x 质量浓度 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 相对误差/% | 4.23 | 1.38 | 0.10 |
| 实际数据 | 2.60% | 2.90% | 292.20 mg/m3 |
| 模拟结果 | 2.71% | 2.86% | 292.48 mg/m3 |
表7 模拟结果与实际运行测量数据对比
Tab. 7 Comparison between simulated results and actual operation measurement data
| 参数 | 出口O2摩尔分数 | 出口飞灰中残碳质量分数 | 出口NO x 质量浓度 |
|---|---|---|---|
| 相对误差/% | 4.23 | 1.38 | 0.10 |
| 实际数据 | 2.60% | 2.90% | 292.20 mg/m3 |
| 模拟结果 | 2.71% | 2.86% | 292.48 mg/m3 |
图3 不同废纺热解质量流量下沿高度方向平均温度、平均O2摩尔分数、平均NO x 质量浓度分布
Fig. 3 Distribution of average temperature, O2 mole fraction and NO x mass concentration along height at different waste textile pyrolysis mass flow rates
| 工况 | 屏底烟气温度/K | 出口飞灰中残碳质量分数/% | 出口NO x 质量浓度/(mg/m3) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | 1 634.76 | 1.24 | 373.90 |
| 3 | 1 636.36 | 2.85 | 379.88 |
| 4 | 1 666.55 | 2.53 | 426.24 |
表8 不同废纺热解质量流量下炉膛出口及屏底参数
Tab. 8 Parameters of furnace outlet and platen superheater bottom at different waste textile pyrolysis mass flow rates
| 工况 | 屏底烟气温度/K | 出口飞灰中残碳质量分数/% | 出口NO x 质量浓度/(mg/m3) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2 | 1 634.76 | 1.24 | 373.90 |
| 3 | 1 636.36 | 2.85 | 379.88 |
| 4 | 1 666.55 | 2.53 | 426.24 |
图5 不同SOFA风率下沿高度方向平均温度、平均O2摩尔分数、平均NO x 质量浓度分布
Fig. 5 Distribution of average temperature, O2 mole fraction and NO x mass concentration along height at different SOFA air ratios
| 工况 | 屏底烟气温度/K | 出口中残碳质量分数/% | 出口NO x 质量浓度/(mg/m3) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5 | 1 599.71 | 5.98 | 533.20 |
| 4 | 1 666.56 | 2.53 | 426.24 |
| 6 | 1 691.10 | 1.81 | 336.94 |
| 7 | 1 680.46 | 4.20 | 346.71 |
表9 不同燃尽风风率下炉膛出口及屏底参数
Tab. 9 Parameters of furnace outlet and platen superheater bottom at different overfire air ratios
| 工况 | 屏底烟气温度/K | 出口中残碳质量分数/% | 出口NO x 质量浓度/(mg/m3) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 5 | 1 599.71 | 5.98 | 533.20 |
| 4 | 1 666.56 | 2.53 | 426.24 |
| 6 | 1 691.10 | 1.81 | 336.94 |
| 7 | 1 680.46 | 4.20 | 346.71 |
图7 热解气入炉位置对沿高度方向平均温度、平均O2摩尔分数、平均NO x 质量浓度的影响
Fig. 7 Effect of pyrolysis gas inlet positions on average temperature, O2 mole fraction and NO x mass fraction along height
| 工况 | 屏底烟气温度/K | 出口飞灰中残碳质量分数/% | 出口NO x 质量浓度/(mg/m3) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8 | 1 658.62 | 3.88 | 512.01 |
| 4 | 1 666.56 | 2.53 | 426.24 |
| 9 | 1 649.61 | 4.34 | 358.13 |
表10 热解气入炉位置对炉膛出口及屏底参数的影响
Tab. 10 Effect of pyrolysis gas inlet positions on parameters of furnace outlet and platen superheater bottom
| 工况 | 屏底烟气温度/K | 出口飞灰中残碳质量分数/% | 出口NO x 质量浓度/(mg/m3) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 8 | 1 658.62 | 3.88 | 512.01 |
| 4 | 1 666.56 | 2.53 | 426.24 |
| 9 | 1 649.61 | 4.34 | 358.13 |
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