有机朗肯-蒸汽压缩循环系统研究进展

doi:10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.24270

发电技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (6): 1059-1073.DOI: 10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.24270

• 分布式能源 •

有机朗肯-蒸汽压缩循环系统研究进展

王志康¹^,²^,³, 张儒琪²^,³, 袁少可²^,³, 韩东江²^,³, 隋军²^,³

^1.沈阳航空航天大学能源与环境学院，辽宁省沈阳市 110136
^2.中国科学院工程热物理研究所，北京市海淀区 100190
^3.东莞新能源研究院，广东省东莞市 523808

收稿日期:2024-12-16 修回日期:2025-03-12 出版日期:2025-12-31 发布日期:2025-12-25
通讯作者: 韩东江
作者简介:王志康(2000)，男，硕士研究生，主要研究方向为有机朗肯-蒸汽压缩热泵技术，17860785606@163.com；
韩东江(1986)，男，博士，副研究员，主要研究方向为多能互补的分布式能源系统，本文通信作者，handong jiang@iet.cn；
隋军(1973)，男，博士，研究员，主要研究方向为多能源互补的分布式能源系统，suijun@iet.cn。
基金资助:
中国科学院战略性先导科技专项(A类)(XDA0390503);中国科学院青年创新促进会项目(2021141)

Research Progress on Organic Rankine Cycle-Vapor Compression Cycle Systems

Zhikang WANG¹^,²^,³, Ruqi ZHANG²^,³, Shaoke YUAN²^,³, Dongjiang HAN²^,³, Jun SUI²^,³

^1.School of Energy and Environment, Shenyang Aerospace University, Shenyang 110136, Liaoning Province, China
^2.Institute of Engineering Thermophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Haidian District, Beijing 100190, China
^3.Dongguan Institute of New Energy, Dongguan 523808, Guangdong Province, China

Received:2024-12-16 Revised:2025-03-12 Published:2025-12-31 Online:2025-12-25
Contact: Dongjiang HAN
Supported by:
Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences (Category A)(XDA0390503);Project of Youth Innovation Promotion Association of CAS(2021141)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的近年来，有机朗肯 (organic Rankine cycle，ORC)-蒸汽压缩循环系统(vapor-compression cycle，VCC)系统以其结构紧凑、低碳节能等优势，在低品位热能利用及冷、热供应领域取得了长足的发展，为此，聚焦于循环构型、工质选择和应用方向3个关键环节，回顾了ORC-VCC系统的最新研究进展。方法首先，概述了5种不同的循环构型，并阐明其原理和特点，以展示ORC-VCC系统的结构多样性和工况适应性。随后，深入探讨了工质的发展历程，并从热物性、环保性和经济性等多个维度归纳工质筛选原则。总结了不同研究中对系统的经济性评估结果，点明经济性分析的重要性。此外，从供、需两侧总结了系统的潜在应用领域，并展示了与其他系统集成的应用案例，以期揭示ORC-VCC系统广阔的研究和应用潜力。最后，指出当前研究中的不足之处，并对未来的研究方向做出展望。结论 ORC-VCC系统发展前景广阔，发展潜力巨大，其在能源领域的应用将为实现低碳、节能、可持续发展目标做出重要贡献。

关键词: 可再生能源, 多能互补, 分布式能源, 有机朗肯-蒸汽压缩循环, 构型优化, 工质筛选, 集成应用

Abstract:

Objectives In recent years, organic Rankine cycle-vapor compression cycle (ORC-VCC) systems have made great progress in the fields of low-grade heat energy utilization and cooling and heating supply owing to their compact structure, low-carbon, and energy-saving advantages. Accordingly, focusing on three key aspects of cycle configuration, working fluid selection, and application directions, this study reviews the latest research progress in ORC-VCC systems. Methods Firstly, five different cycle configurations are outlined, and their principles and characteristics are elucidated to demonstrate the structural diversity and adaptability to operating conditions of ORC-VCC systems. Subsequently, the development history of working fluids is explored in depth, and the principles of working fluid selection are summarized from multiple dimensions such as thermophysical properties, environmental friendliness, and economic efficiency. The economic evaluation results of the systems in different studies are summarized, highlighting the importance of economic analysis. In addition, the potential application fields of the systems are summarized from both the supply and demand sides, and application cases of integration with other systems are presented, with a view to revealing the extensive research and application potential of ORC-VCC systems. Finally, the shortcomings of the current research are pointed out and the future research directions are prospected. Conclusions ORC-VCC systems have broad development prospects and huge development potential. Their application in the energy field will make important contributions to achieving low-carbon, energy-saving, and sustainable development goals.

Key words: renewable energy, multi-energy complementarity, distributed energy, organic Rankine cycle-vapor compression cycle, configuration optimization, working fluid screening, integrated application

中图分类号:

TK 114

王志康, 张儒琪, 袁少可, 韩东江, 隋军. 有机朗肯-蒸汽压缩循环系统研究进展[J]. 发电技术, 2025, 46(6): 1059-1073.

Zhikang WANG, Ruqi ZHANG, Shaoke YUAN, Dongjiang HAN, Jun SUI. Research Progress on Organic Rankine Cycle-Vapor Compression Cycle Systems[J]. Power Generation Technology, 2025, 46(6): 1059-1073.

图/表 14

图1 ORC-VCC工作原理图

Fig. 1 Working principle of ORC-VCC

图2 基本构型结构示意图及热力学图

Fig. 2 Structural schematic diagram and thermodynamic diagram of basic configuration

图3 ORC-VCC系统典型构型

Fig. 3 Typical configurations of ORC-VCC systems

图4 工质发展历程

Fig. 4 Development history of working fluids

表1 采用新型工质和自然工质的相关研究

Tab. 1 Relevant studies on use of novel and natural working fluids

工质	工质种类	参考文献
R1234ze(E)	HFO	[28]
R1234yf	HFO	[29-30]
R1224yd(Z)	HFO	[31]
R1233zd(E)	HFO	[32-33]
R602	HC	[34-35]
R601	HC	[36]

表2 常用工质及其相关参数

Tab. 2 Typical working fluids and their related parameters

类型	工质	临界温度/℃	ODP	GWP	安全等级
HFC	R134a	101.1	0	1 300	A1
	R152a	113.3	0	138	A2
	R245fa	154	0	858	B1
HFO	R1234yf	94.7	0	<1	A2L
	R1234ze(E)	109.4	0	<1	A2L
	R1234ze(Z)	150.1	0	<1	A2L
	R1336mzz(Z)	171.3	0	2	A1
HCFO	R1224yd(Z)	155.5	≈0	<1	A1
HCFO	R1233zd(Z)	166.5	≈0	1	A1
HC	R600	152	0	4	A3
	R600a	134.7	0	3	A3
	R601	196.6	0	5	A3
	R601a	187.8	0	4	A3

表3 适用于高温热泵的工质

Tab. 3 Working fluids suitable for high-temperature heat pumps

序号	HFO	HCFO	HC
1	R1336mzz(Z)	R1233zd(Z)	R600
2	R1234ze(Z)	R1224yd(Z)	R601

图5 工质筛选原则

Fig. 5 Screening principles of working fluids

图6 纯工质与非共沸工质ORC的热力过程对比

Fig. 6 Comparison of thermodynamic processes between pure and non-azeotropic working fluids in ORC

图7 分液冷凝过程示意图]

Fig. 7 Schematic diagram of liquid separation and condensation process

表4 相关研究的投资回收期情况

Tab. 4 Payback periods of relevant studies

序号	系统描述	PB	参考文献
1	双蒸发器ORC-VCR系统	5.8年	[47]
2	ORC-VCC微型多联产系统	7年	[48]
3	ORC-VCR车辆空调系统	769 h	[49]
4	ORC-VCR空气压缩空分系统	3.1年	[50]
5	ORC-VCR汽车能源系统	7 520 h	[51]
6	太阳能ORC-VCC三联产系统	8.5年	[52]

图8 ORC-VCC系统应用方向

Fig. 8 Application directions of ORC-VCC systems

图9 ORC-VCC集成于其他系统的应用案例

Fig. 9 Application cases of ORC-VCC integrated with other systems

图10 VCC子系统热源与热汇温度分布

Fig. 10 Temperature distribution of heat source and heat sink in VCC subsystem

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有机朗肯-蒸汽压缩循环系统研究进展

Research Progress on Organic Rankine Cycle-Vapor Compression Cycle Systems

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