发电技术 ›› 2026, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (1): 168-175.DOI: 10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.260115

• 发电及环境保护 • 上一篇    

燃煤电厂电煤能价比指标及其应用

周祎力1, 戴小云1, 周锡元1, 陈国年2   

  1. 1.江苏利港电力有限公司,江苏省 无锡市 214444
    2.国网江苏省电力有限公司,江苏省 南京市 210024
  • 收稿日期:2025-01-10 修回日期:2025-02-24 出版日期:2026-02-28 发布日期:2026-02-12
  • 通讯作者: 陈国年
  • 作者简介:周祎力(1981),男,工程师,研究方向为发电厂运行技术管理及运行优化技术,22178369@qq.com
    戴小云(1980),男,高级工程师,研究方向为工业场景大数据应用、火力发电运行技术,116959187@qq.com
    周锡元(1985),男,工程师,研究方向为发电运行技术、数据建模,23704776@qq.com
    陈国年(1965),男,硕士,正高级工程师,研究方向为发电厂节能及运行优化技术,本文通信作者,13913882965@139.com
  • 基金资助:
    新力集团科技项目(AQGL-1818951-1-A1)

Indicators of Coal-to-Electricity Energy Price Ratio for Coal-Fired Power Plants and Their Applications

Yili ZHOU1, Xiaoyun DAI1, Xiyuan ZHOU1, Guonian CHEN2   

  1. 1.Jiangsu Ligang Electric Power Co. , Ltd. , Wuxi 214444, Jiangsu Province, China
    2.State Grid Jiangsu Electric Power Co. , Ltd. , Nanjing 210024, Jiangsu Province, China
  • Received:2025-01-10 Revised:2025-02-24 Published:2026-02-28 Online:2026-02-12
  • Contact: Guonian CHEN
  • Supported by:
    Xinli Group Science and Technology Project(AQGL-1818951-1-A1)

摘要:

目的 近30年我国电价和煤价的矛盾一直存在,为理顺煤电价格关系,促进煤炭与电力行业全面、协调、可持续发展,需要找到快速判断燃煤电厂电价和煤价合理性的判据指标及价格调整公式,以期为燃煤电厂提供一套新的经济决策分析指标。 方法 首先应用能量价值分析法,对燃煤电厂煤炭能量转换为电能的物理过程进行研究分析,然后经过数学推导得到煤、电价格的内在关系,最后推导出电煤能价比等指标的计算公式和煤电价格联动计算公式。 结果 提出了临界煤价、临界电煤能价比、合理电煤能价比、合理上网电价、合理煤价等指标。计算出300 MW至1 000 MW各类机组合理电煤能价比为3.68~4.17。 结论 电煤能价比及相关指标为电厂及政府相关部门提供了一种新的评估电价和煤价合理性的方法,可为政府部门制定合理的上网电价、燃煤电厂制定科学的经营策略及电厂竞价报价等提供科学依据。

关键词: 燃煤电厂, 煤价, 电价, 经济性分析, 电煤能价比, 发电成本, 煤电价格联动

Abstract:

Objectives Over the past 30 years, the conflict between electricity and coal prices has persisted in China. To straighten out the relationship between coal and electricity prices and to promote the comprehensive, coordinated, and sustainable development of the coal and power industries, it is necessary to establish evaluation indicators and price adjustment formulas for quickly assessing the rationality of electricity and coal prices for coal-fired power plants, so as to provide a new set of indicators for economic decision-making analysis for coal-fired power plants. Methods First, the energy value analysis method is applied to investigate and analyze the physical process of converting coal energy into electric energy in coal-fired power plants. Then, the intrinsic relationship between coal and electricity prices is derived through mathematical deduction. Finally, the calculation formulas for indicators such as the coal-to-electricity energy price ratio and for the coal-electricity price linkage are derived. Results Indicators such as the critical coal price, critical coal-to-electricity energy price ratio, reasonable coal-to-electricity energy price ratio, reasonable on-grid electricity price, and reasonable coal price are proposed. The reasonable coal-to-electricity energy price ratio for different units ranging from 300 to 1 000 MW is calculated to be 3.68-4.17. Conclusions The coal-to-electricity energy price ratio and related indicators provide a new method for power plants and relevant government departments to evaluate the rationality of electricity and coal prices. They can provide a scientific basis for government departments to formulate reasonable on-grid electricity prices, for coal-fired power plants to develop scientific operational strategies, and for plants to set bidding prices.

Key words: coal-fired power plants, coal price, electricity price, economic analysis, coal-to-electricity energy price ratio, power generation cost, coal-electricity price linkage

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