抛物槽式聚光太阳能集热回路动态特性研究

doi:10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.21066

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

太阳辐射存在间歇性和不稳定性，其动态不稳定性影响抛物槽式太阳能集热器集热参数的稳定输出，因此，针对抛物槽式太阳能集热器开展聚光集热过程动态特性研究极为重要。基于MATLAB/Simulink软件内的Simscape环境，构建了抛物槽式太阳能聚光集热一维回路的动态仿真模型。基于所验证的动态仿真模型，获得了工质流量及太阳直射辐射2个关键参数对槽式回路出口温度的影响规律。根据所获规律，基于比例积分控制，构建了槽式一维回路的动态调控策略，结果表明：该控制策略可在太阳直射辐射跃升时使系统聚光集热温度在2 500 s内达到设定温度395℃；而在太阳直射辐射下降时将输出温度波动维持在±2℃以内。基于所构建的系统动态控制策略进行了系统典型日变工况运行，结果表明：系统可在变工况条件下维持聚光集热温度稳定，聚光集热效率接近理想值，达到控制目的。研究为抛物槽式太阳能聚光集热回路动态仿真模型构建提供了新方法，所得结果可为槽式聚光集热动态运行提供借鉴。

关键词: 太阳能热发电, 抛物槽式太阳能集热器, 动态仿真模型

Abstract:

The solar radiation is intermittent and unstable, and its dynamic instability affects the stable output of parabolic trough solar collector. Therefore, it is extremely important to study the dynamic characteristics of the solar heating process of parabolic trough solar collector. The dynamic simulation model of parabolic trough solar collector one-dimensional loop was constructed based on the Simscape environment in MATLAB/Simulink software. Based on the verified dynamic simulation model, the influence of mass flow and direct normal irradiance on the outlet temperature of the loop of parabolic trough solar collector was obtained. According to the obtained law, the dynamic regulation model of the loop of parabolic trough solar collector was constructed based on the proportional integral. The results show that the control strategy can make the outlet temperature of the loop reach the set temperature of 395 ℃ within 2 500 s when the direct normal irradiance increases suddenly, and maintain the output temperature fluctuation within -2 ℃ to 2 ℃ when the direct normal irradiance decreases suddenly. Based on the dynamic regulation strategy, the operation of the loop of parabolic trough solar collector in typical day was simulated. The results show that the regulation strategy can maintain the outlet temperature of the loop in the operation time and the thermal efficiency close to the ideal value. The study provides a new method for the construction of dynamic model of the parabolic trough solar collector, and the results can provide reference for the dynamic operation of the parabolic trough solar field.

Key words: solar thermal power generation, parabolic trough solar collector, dynamic simulation model

中图分类号:

TK513

刘兰华, 狄林文, 董兴万, 王瑞林. 抛物槽式聚光太阳能集热回路动态特性研究[J]. 发电技术, 2021, 42(6): 673-681.

Lanhua LIU, Linwen DI, Xingwan DONG, Ruilin WANG. Study on Dynamic Characteristics of Parabolic Trough Solar Collector Circuit[J]. Power Generation Technology, 2021, 42(6): 673-681.

图/表 11

图1 抛物槽式聚光集热镜场示意图

Fig.1 Mirror field of parabolic trough collector

表1 ET-150槽式聚光集热器主要参数

Tab. 1 Main parameters of ET-150 parabolic trough collector

参数	数值	参数	数值
焦距/m	1.71	开口宽度/m	5.77
集热器长度/m	148.50	吸热管外径/m	0.07
光学效率/%	74.0

图2 抛物槽式聚光集热单元Simscape物理模型

Fig.2 Simscape physical model of parabolic trough collector unit

图3 抛物槽式聚光集热单元模型验证

Fig.3 Model verification of parabolic trough collector unit

图4 抛物槽式聚光集热回路动态仿真模型

Fig.4 Dynamic simulation model of parabolic trough collector circuit

图5 直射辐射强度变动对槽式聚光集热出口温度影响

Fig.5 Effect of direct normal irradiance variation on outlet temperature of parabolic trough collector

图6 工质流量变动对槽式聚光集热出口温度影响

Fig.6 Effect of working fluid flow variation on outlet temperature of parabolic trough collector

图7 抛物槽式太阳能吸热管吸热过程示意图

Fig.7 Heat absorption process diagram of parabolic trough solar tube

图8 抛物槽式太阳能聚光集热PI动态调控模型

Fig.8 PI dynamic regulation model of parabolic trough solar collector

图9 变辐射动态调控过程聚光集热出口温度变化

Fig.9 Outlet temperature variation of parabolic trough solar collector during dynamic regulation process of variable irradiation

图10 典型日变辐射动态运行性能

Fig.10 Typical daily irradiation dynamic operating performance

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