基于数值仿真的抛物槽式太阳能集热器研究进展

doi:10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.21061

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

介绍了抛物槽式太阳能集热器的数值仿真研究进展，特别是对集热管内流场与聚光器外流场所涉及的数值仿真研究进行了综述。在集热管内流场研究中，传热介质类型、聚光特性对集热性能与热应力分布影响显著，尤其在水/蒸汽介质集热回路中，特有的气–液两相流叠加管外非均匀热流密度分布有可能导致严重的集热管热应力弯曲变形问题。在聚光器外流场研究中，由于实际风速较大，超薄镜片的结构强度较低，聚光器承受风载变形，致使光学效率损失，甚至会导致抛物槽式集热器结构失效，直接影响整个集热镜场正常工作。

关键词: 碳中和, 太阳能光热技术, 抛物槽式集热器, 内流场, 外流场, 数值模拟

Abstract:

The research progress of numerical simulation of parabolic trough solar collector was introduced. Especially the numerical simulation studies of the internal flow field in the collector tube and the external flow field of the concentrator were reviewed. In the study of the internal flow field in the collector tube, the type of heat transfer fluids and the characteristics of optical concentration have a significant effect on the heat collection performance and thermal stress distribution, especially in the water/steam medium heat collection loop. The unique gas-liquid two-phase flow superposition of the non-uniform heat flux distribution outside the tube may lead to serious thermal stress bending deformation of the collector tube. In the study of the external flow field of the concentrator, due to the high actual wind speed and the low structural strength of the ultra-thin lens, the concentrator is subjected to wind load deformation, resulting in the loss of optical efficiency, and even leading to the failure of the parabolic trough collector structure, which directly affects the normal operation of the whole collector field.

Key words: carbon neutrality, solar-thermal technology, parabolic trough collector, internal flow field, external flow field, numerical simulation

中图分类号:

TK513.1

王立, 张智, 施瑶璐, 徐超, 孙杰. 基于数值仿真的抛物槽式太阳能集热器研究进展[J]. 发电技术, 2021, 42(6): 643-652.

Li WANG, Zhi ZHANG, Yaolu SHI, Chao XU, Jie SUN. Research Progress of Parabolic Trough Solar Collector Based on Numerical Simulation[J]. Power Generation Technology, 2021, 42(6): 643-652.

图/表 11

图1 抛物槽式集热器

Fig.1 Parabolic trough collector

图2 集热管

Fig.2 Heat collecting element

图3 温度和速度对吸收管最大温差的影响

Fig.3 Influence of temperature and velocity on the maximum temperature difference of absorber tube

图4 吸收管内插入螺旋纽带示意图

Fig.4 Schematic diagram of twisted tape inserted in absorber tube

图5 吸收管内部肋片分布

Fig.5 Distribution of ribs in absorption tube

图6 不同辐射条件下吸收管壁温度变化曲线

Fig.6 Temperature variation curve of absorber tube wall under different radiation conditions

图7 分层流下集热回路温度分布

Fig.7 Temperature distribution of heat collecting loop under stratified flow

图8 不同流型下吸收管温度场分布

Fig.8 Temperature distribution of absorber tube under different flow patterns

图9 实测风速变化曲线

Fig.9 Measured wind speed variation curve

图10 不同开口方位下风速和风载的变化曲线

Fig.10 Variation curve of wind speed and wind load at different orientations

图11 38°开口下风速对变形和光学效率损失的影响

Fig.11 Influence of wind speed on deformation and optical efficiency loss at 38°

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