Abstract: [Objectives]With the rapid growth of centralized heating areas and the increasing demand for environmental protection, the development of low-carbon heating systems has become an urgent need. Long-distance heat transmission, as a core component of urban centralized heating systems, directly affects the efficiency of the entire heating system and the realization of environmental protection goals. [Methods] This paper reviews the research progress of long-distance heat transmission pipelines in dynamic modeling, safety monitoring, and operation optimization. It summarizes the existing non-steady-state hydraulic models of long-distance heat transmission and their dynamic response processes, analyzes the long-distance heat transmission safety monitoring technology that integrates modern communication and fiber-optic sensing technology, fault monitoring, fault condition processing, and water hammer phenomena as the main content, and studies the operation optimization technology that aims at system economic operation, long-distance heat transmission design, and heat supply network temperature control. It also introduces the application of combined heat and water supply systems and industrial waste heat utilization in long-distance heat transmission. [Conclusions] Long-distance heat transmission technology holds significant potential for reducing heat transmission costs and improving energy efficiency. Its application in the heating field is of great importance for achieving low-carbon and sustainable development in urban heating systems.

Key words: long-distance heat transportation, smart heating, smart energy, dynamic modeling, safety monitoring, operation optimization