发电技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (1): 83-92.DOI: 10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.23067

• 新能源 • 上一篇    下一篇

光伏阵列效率分布特性建模及其在运行状态评价中的应用

李霄飞1, 王朝1, 刘银南1, 吴安2, 李光辉2, 裴刘生2, 王海峰2, 李佳琦3, 朱红路3   

  1. 1.中国大唐集团技术经济研究院有限责任公司,北京市 怀柔区 100040
    2.西安咸林能源;科技有限公司,陕西省 西安市 710076
    3.华北电力大学新能源学院,北京市 昌平区 102206
  • 收稿日期:2023-12-03 修回日期:2024-02-27 出版日期:2025-02-28 发布日期:2025-02-27
  • 作者简介:李霄飞(1976),男,硕士,高级工程师,主要研究方向为热工控制自动化、电力工程项目管理、电力工程政策等,lxf76@126.com
    王朝(1989),男,工程师,主要研究方向为新能源项目资源评估、微观选址、设备选型、发电量计算等,wangzhao07041115@163.com
    刘银南(1979),男,高级工程师,主要研究方向为新能源行业造价、信息化分析等,frankiejob@163.com
    吴安(1983),男,工程师,主要研究方向为新能源项目电力二次系统、设备选型、网络安全等,Wuan@huntech.com.cn
    裴刘生(1977),男,硕士,高级工程师,主要研究方向为大数据平台架构、深度学习算法、机组状态判别及基于状态的维修等,Peiliusheng@huntech.com.cn
    王海峰(1976),男,博士,高级工程师,主要从事大数据、数字孪生技术研究及产品规划工作,Wanghaifeng@huntech.com.cn
    朱红路(1982),男,博士,讲师,主要研究方向为光伏发电智能化运维、新能源功率预测,hongluzhu@ncepu.edu.cn
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划项目(2022YFB2402900)

Modeling of Efficiency Distribution Characteristics of Photovoltaic Arrays and Its Application in Operating State Evaluation

Xiaofei LI1, Zhao WANG1, Yinnan LIU1, An WU2, Guanghui LI2, Liusheng PEI2, Haifeng WANG2, Jiaqi LI3, Honglu ZHU3   

  1. 1.China Datang Technological and Economic Research Institute Co. , Ltd. , Huairou District, Beijing 100040, China
    2.Xi’an Xianlin Energy Technology Co. , Ltd. , Xi’an 710076, Shanxi Province, China
    3.School of New Energy, North China Electric Power University, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China
  • Received:2023-12-03 Revised:2024-02-27 Published:2025-02-28 Online:2025-02-27
  • Supported by:
    National Key R&D Program of China(2022YFB2402900)

摘要:

目的 随着光伏发电装机规模不断扩大,精确评价光伏阵列运行状态在光伏电站智能化运营中的作用日益重要。由于受云层、天气和环境等多种不可控因素的影响,光伏阵列出力具有很大的不确定性,这给光伏阵列运行状态的分析带来了挑战。为了解决这个问题,提出了一种基于非参数估计的光伏阵列效率分布特征建模方法,并利用建模结果对光伏阵列运行状态进行评估。 方法 首先,研究分析了光伏阵列效率的分布特性和影响因素;其次,采用核密度估计法建立了光伏阵列效率的分布模型;最后,通过设置置信度,获得了光伏阵列不同运行状态的阈值区间,实现了光伏阵列运行状态的识别。 结果 利用实际运行数据从光伏阵列输出电流、电压和效率等多个维度验证了所提方法可以有效划分光伏阵列运行状态。 结论 利用光伏阵列效率出力分布特征可以有效表征光伏阵列运行状态,解决了光伏阵列出力随机波动性带来的状态划分不确定性问题,实现了光伏阵列运行状态精确判别。

关键词: 光伏阵列, 光伏电站, 状态评价, 发电效率, 非参数估计, 核密度估计, 智能化运行

Abstract:

Objectives As the installed capacity of photovoltaic (PV) power generation continues to expand, accurately evaluating the operating state of PV arrays has become increasingly important in the intelligent operation of PV power stations. Due to the influence of various uncontrollable factors such as clouds, weather, and environmental conditions, the output of PV arrays shows significant uncertainty, posing challenges to the analysis of their operating state. To address this issue, a modeling method for efficiency distribution characteristics of PV arrays based on nonparametric estimation is proposed, and the modeling results are used to evaluate the operating state of PV arrays. Methods First, the distribution characteristics and influencing factors of PV array efficiency are analyzed. Next, a distribution model of PV array efficiency is established using the kernel density estimation method. Finally, by setting the confidence levels, threshold intervals for different operating states of PV arrays are determined, enabling the identification of the operating state of PV arrays. Results Using actual operating data, the proposed method is validated across multiple dimensions, including output current, voltage, and efficiency of PV arrays, demonstrating its effectiveness in classifying the operating state of PV arrays. Conclusions The efficiency distribution characteristics of PV arrays can effectively represent the operating state, addressing the uncertainty in state classification caused by random fluctuations in PV output and enabling precise identification of PV array operating states.

Key words: photovoltaic arrays, photovoltaic power stations, state evaluation, power generation efficiency, nonparametric estimation, kernel density estimation, intelligent operation

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