发电技术 ›› 2025, Vol. 46 ›› Issue (5): 872-884.DOI: 10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.24057

• 储能 • 上一篇    下一篇

氯化物熔盐储热技术应用于新能源发电的研究进展

邹博1, 任建地1, 许道明1, 邓立生2, 廖力达1, 肖俊兵1,2   

  1. 1.长沙理工大学能源与动力工程学院,湖南省 长沙市 410114
    2.中国科学院可再生能源重点实验室,广东省 广州市 510640
  • 收稿日期:2024-07-03 修回日期:2024-10-25 出版日期:2025-10-31 发布日期:2025-10-23
  • 作者简介:邹博(1997),男,硕士研究生,主要研究方向为高温熔盐相变储热技术,zoub321@163.com
    肖俊兵(1988),男,博士,讲师,主要研究方向为新能源与相变储热技术,本文通信作者,xjb1th@163.com
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(52206192);中国科学院可再生能源重点实验室开放基金(E229kf1001);湖南省自然科学基金项目(2022JJ40499);湖南省教育厅优秀青年项目(22B0289);长沙理工大学研究生科研创新项目(CSLGCX23075)

Recent Developments on the Application of Chloride Molten Salt Heat Storage Technology to New Energy Power Generation

Bo ZOU1, Jiandi REN1, Daoming XU1, Lisheng DENG2, Lida LIAO1, Junbing XIAO1,2   

  1. 1.School of Energy and Power Engineering, Changsha University of Science and Technology, Changsha 410114, Hunan Province, China
    2.CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy, Guangzhou 510640, Guangdong Province, China
  • Received:2024-07-03 Revised:2024-10-25 Published:2025-10-31 Online:2025-10-23
  • Supported by:
    the National Natural Science Foundation of China(52206192);CAS Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy,Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion(E229kf1001);Natural Science Foundation of Hunan Province(2022JJ40499);Outstanding Youth Program of the Scientific Research Fund of Hunan Provincial Education Department(22B0289);Postgraduate Research Innovation of Changsha University of Science and Technology(CSLGCX23075)

摘要:

目的 “双碳”背景下,熔盐储热技术得到了迅速发展。氯化物熔盐因其良好的储能密度、宽工作温度范围及低成本等优势,被广泛应用于太阳能光热发电与可再生能源调峰等领域,因此综述了氯化物熔盐应用在新能源发电领域的研究进展。 方法 综述了国内外氯化物熔盐材料研究,总结了氯化物熔盐导热系数的强化手段,概述了氯化物熔盐相变行为的测试手段及调节方法,阐述了氯化物熔盐的腐蚀性研究。重点介绍了氯化物熔盐在光热发电、新能源消纳、火电厂改造等领域的应用。其中,光热发电是氯化物熔盐在大规模储能的重要应用,新能源消纳是氯化物熔盐应用的一个新思路。最后,展望了氯化物熔盐储热技术未来发展中需重点思考和解决的问题。 结论 开发能够承受高温和腐蚀环境的合金材料、探索成本效益高的腐蚀控制技术以及协同开发氯化物熔盐净化和缓蚀方法,是实现熔盐储热技术商业化的关键问题。采用熔盐储热技术对传统能源系统进行转型升级,实现能源清洁高效利用是能源领域发展的重要趋势。

关键词: 新能源, 储能, 太阳能, 氯化物熔盐, 光热发电, 相变储热, 导热系数, 腐蚀

Abstract:

Objectives Under the background of “double carbon”, molten salt thermal storage technology has been developed rapidly. Chloride molten salt has been used in solar thermal power generation and renewable energy peaking due to its advantages of good energy storage density, wide operating temperature range and low cost, therefore, the research progress of chloride molten salts in the field of new energy power generation is reviewed. Methods This work reviews domestic and international research on chloride molten salt materials, summarizes the methods to improve the thermal conductivity of chloride molten salts, outlines the measurement and regulation ways for the phase change behavior of chloride molten salts, and describes the corrosion studies on chloride molten salts. The application of chloride molten salt in the fields of photovoltaic power generation, new energy consumption and thermal power plant renovation is highlighted. It is pointed out that photovoltaic power generation is an important application of chloride molten salt in large-scale energy storage, and renewable energy consumption is a new strategy for the application of chloride molten salt. Finally, it outlooks the problems that need to be solved in the future development of chloride molten salt heat storage technology. Conclusions The development of alloy materials capable of withstanding high temperatures and corrosive environments, the exploration of cost-effective corrosion control technologies, and the collaborative development of chloride molten salt purification and corrosion mitigation methods are proposed as key issues for the commercialization of molten salt thermal storage technology. The transformation and upgrading of traditional energy systems by adopting molten salt thermal storage technology to realize clean and efficient energy utilization is an important trend in the future development of the energy field.

Key words: new energy, energy storage, solar energy, chloride molten salt, photothermal power generation, phase change heat storage, thermal conductivity, corrosion

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