S型翼缝与尾缘襟翼联合控制风力机翼型气动性能的研究

doi:10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.22139

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

降低叶片气动载荷对于延长风力机叶片寿命极为重要，尾缘襟翼是降低叶片气动载荷的一种有效手段，然而其在大攻角下对翼型的气动特性控制效果减弱。通过在50%叶片弦长处添加S型翼缝，采用数值模拟方法研究S型翼缝与尾缘襟翼联合调节风力机叶片气动特性的作用。利用剪切应力输运(shear stress transport，SST)湍流模型，计算模拟了S809翼型在雷诺数10⁶下，S型翼缝与尾缘襟翼联合控制对翼型气动特性的影响，并分析了S型翼缝与尾缘襟翼的协同控制机理。结果表明，尾缘襟翼的偏转可显著改变翼缝槽内的气体流量，并有效调节叶片中部的压差，这种联合控制策略可在大攻角下大幅改善翼型的失速现象，从而显著增强尾缘襟翼对升力系数的调控能力。

关键词: 风能, 风力机, 翼型, 翼缝, 襟翼, 气动性能

Abstract:

Reducing the blade aerodynamic loads is extremely important to extend the life of wind turbine blades. Trailing edge flaps are effective means to reduce blade aerodynamic loads, however, its regulation ability weakens greatly at large angles of wind attack. The combined regulation ability on the aerodynamic characteristics of wind turbine blades by S-slot and trailing edge flaps and by adding S-slot at 50% of the chord length of turbine blade was investigated. The shear stress transport (SST) turbulence model was used to study the effect of combined control of S-slot and trailing edge flaps on the aerodynamic characteristics of S809 airfoil at Reynolds number of 10⁶. The synergistic mechanism between the S-slot and trailing edge flaps was further analyzed. The results show that the deflection of trailing edge flaps can significantly change the gas flow rate in the slot, and effectively adjust the pressure difference in the middle of the blade. This combined control strategy can significantly improve the stall phenomenon of airfoil at large angles of wind attack, thereby significantly enhancing the ability of trailing edge flaps to control the lift coefficient.

Key words: wind energy, wind turbine, airfoil, airfoil slot, flap, aerodynamic performance

中图分类号:

TK 83

秦志鹏, 魏高升, 崔柳, 杜小泽. S型翼缝与尾缘襟翼联合控制风力机翼型气动性能的研究[J]. 发电技术, 2024, 45(1): 24-31.

Zhipeng QIN, Gaosheng WEI, Liu CUI, Xiaoze DU. Study on Aerodynamic Performance of Wind Turbine Airfoil With Combined S-Slot and Trailing Edge Flap Control[J]. Power Generation Technology, 2024, 45(1): 24-31.

图/表 10

图1 具有尾缘襟翼及S型翼缝的风力机叶片模型

Fig. 1 Wind turbine blade model with trailing edge flaps and S-slot

图2 计算域及模型表面网格划分

Fig. 2 Computational domain and model surface meshing

图3 网格无关性验证

Fig. 3 Grid independence verification

图4 数值仿真结果与文献[41]实验结果对比

Fig. 4 Comparison of numerical simulation results and experimental results of reference [41]

图5 不同模型压力云图及流线图

Fig. 5 Pressure and flow diagrams for different models

图6 不同攻角、尾缘襟翼偏转角下的升力系数

Fig. 6 Lift coefficients for different angles of attack and trailing edge deflection angles

图7 不同攻角下的升力系数改变量

Fig. 7 Change in lift coefficient at different angles of attack

图8 不同攻角、尾缘襟翼偏转角下的阻力系数

Fig. 8 Drag coefficient at different angles of attack and trailing edge deflection angles

图9 不同攻角下的阻力系数改变量

Fig. 9 Change in drag coefficient at different angles of attack

图10 不同攻角、尾缘襟翼偏转角下翼缝及襟翼的流速

Fig. 10 Flow velocity of slot and flap at different angles of attack and angles of trailing edge deflection

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