大型风电机组塔筒动力学特性与寿命损耗研究进展

doi:10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.21022

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

作为风电机组的重要组成部件，塔筒工作环境恶劣、受力复杂，所承受的载荷具有高度的随机性与多变性，其动态特性直接影响着风电机组的安全运行，这对塔筒的动力学特性、寿命损耗特性以及稳定性都提出了更高的要求。阐述了大型风力机塔筒动力学特性和结构寿命损耗研究的工程背景，介绍了大型风电机组塔筒结构与主要承受载荷的特点，整理了目前较为常见的塔筒结构模型的建立方法和工况模拟方法，综述了塔筒结构模态分析、动态响应特性分析、屈曲稳定性分析、疲劳损伤分析等研究进展，总结了国内外数值模拟技术与研究成果，并对未来塔筒动态特性研究方向进行了展望，旨在为推进本研究领域的发展提供参考。

关键词: 风力机, 塔筒, 动态特性, 寿命损耗, 模态分析, 动态响应, 屈曲, 疲劳

Abstract:

As an important component of the wind turbine, the tower has a harsh working environment and complex stress, and the load it bears is highly random and variable. Its dynamic characteristics directly affect the safe operation of the wind turbine. Higher requirements are placed on the dynamic characteristics, life loss characteristics and stability of tower. The engineering background of wind turbine tower dynamic characteristics and structural loss research were described, the tower structure and main load characteristics of large-scale wind turbines were introduced, the more common tower structure model establishment methods and working condition simulation methods were sorted out, and the research progress of tower structure modal analysis, dynamic response analysis, buckling stability analysis, and fatigue damage analysis were summarized. Additionally, the domestic and foreign numerical values of simulation technology and the research results were reviewed. A preliminary prospect for the future research direction of tower dynamic characteristics was also made, aiming to provide some references for the further development of this research field.

Key words: wind turbine, tower, dynamic characteristics, life loss, modal analysis, dynamic response, buckling, fatigue

中图分类号:

TK 83

樊昂, 李录平, 张世海, 欧阳敏南, 文贤馗, 陈尚年. 大型风电机组塔筒动力学特性与寿命损耗研究进展[J]. 发电技术, 2022, 43(3): 421-430.

Ang FAN, Luping LI, Shihai ZHANG, Minnan OUYANG, Xiankui WEN, Shangnian CHEN. A Review on Dynamic Characteristics and Life Loss of Large Wind Turbine Towers[J]. Power Generation Technology, 2022, 43(3): 421-430.

图/表 4

图1 塔筒载荷模型图H—塔筒高度；My—偏心弯矩(kN?m)Ft—水平轴向推力(kN)；Fz—叶轮与机舱重力(kN)；Fw—塔筒风压载荷(kN)。

Fig. 1 Model diagram of tower load

图2 塔筒疲劳损伤计算方法流程

Fig. 2 Computational flow of tower fatigue damage

图3 塔筒状态监测流程图

Fig. 3 Flow chart of tower condition monitoring

图4 塔筒故障诊断技术路线

Fig. 4 Technical route of tower fault diagnosis

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