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Analysis of Hydrogen Industry Policy and Commercialization Model AI Introduction
Abstract：Hydrogen energy is an important part of China's new energy system,and its market scale and application scenarios are also expanding. Under the guidance of various national policies,provinces and cities have issued relevant policies in the fields of fuel cell vehicles and other fields according to their regional characteristics,which has accelerated the pace of hydrogen energy commercialization to a certain extent. In terms of fuel cells and other aspects,this paper sorted out the national and local hydrogen energy policies,and analyzed the application fields of hydrogen energy,the policy points of the future development planning of provinces and cities,and the profit model. Finally,the corresponding suggestions and prospects were given for the current process of hydrogen energy commercialization,which provide a reference for improving the efficiency of hydrogen energy in the future.Keywords：hydrogen energy;new energy;fuel cell;commercialization model69|128|9<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-06Challenges and Prospects of Hydrogen Energy Storage Under the Background of Low-carbon Transformation of Power Industry AI Introduction
Abstract：With the gradual increase in the proportion of new energy, energy storage technology, as an auxiliary new energy grid, has attracted wide attention. Hydrogen energy storage and fuel cell technology have been listed as strategic energy technologies in China, and have been actively applied in the market and enterprise development. Hydrogen production from electrolytic water can stabilize the fluctuation caused by the connection of renewable energy to the grid and help the power grid to cut peak and frequency modulation. As a power generation device to improve energy conversion rate, fuel cell has the advantages of low noise and no pollution, it is one of the effective ways to absorb renewable energy. This paper made a comparative analysis of the development status and advantages of the existing energy storage technologies, the key technologies and research directions of hydrogen energy storage system were introduced emphatically, and the commercial development of hydrogen energy storage was prospected.Keywords：hydrogen energy;electrolysis hydrogen production;fuel cell;energy storage technology79|99|13<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-06Development Route of Hydrogen Production by Water Electrolysis, Hydrogen Storage and Hydrogen Supply in Power System AI Introduction
Abstract：Hydrogen energy has broad development prospects as a clean, carbon-free, flexible and efficient secondary energy and industrial raw material. Although the technologies of hydrogen production by water electrolysis, hydrogen storage and hydrogen supply have been relatively mature, the technology chain of hydrogen production-storage-supply is still in its infancy. It is of great importance to explore the technology chain in power system for the cooperative utilization of hydrogen energy and traditional electricity. This paper firstly introduced the basic principles, classifications, advantages and disadvantages of the technologies including hydrogen production by water electrolysis, hydrogen storage and hydrogen supply, and summarized the development of hydrogen production by water electrolysis, hydrogen storage and hydrogen supply technologies in the United States, Japan and the European Union. Then, the current status of above technologies in China was analyzed, and three possible application modes of hydrogen production by water electrolysis, hydrogen storage and hydrogen supply in power system in China were discussed. Finally, based on the current situation, the suggestions for promoting the development of hydrogen production by water electrolysis, hydrogen storage and hydrogen supply in power system in China were put forward, which provide a reference for optimizing the development of the whole technology chain of hydrogen energy production-storage-supply-use.Keywords：hydrogen energy;hydrogen production by water electrolysis;hydrogen storage;hydrogen supply;power system80|153|14<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-06Key Technology Status and Outlook for Green Electricity-Hydrogen Energy- Multi-domain Applications Coupled Network AI Introduction
Abstract：As a green and zero-carbon secondary energy, hydrogen is one of the key carriers for the development of energy transition and has become an important medium for energy interconnection. Hydrogen production by electrolytic decomposition of water is the main way to produce hydrogen in the future, which will promote the adjustment and transformation of energy structure. However, the development and industrial application of hydrogen energy technology in China is still at the initial stage. In addition, there are a lot of problems to be solved in the aspects of hydrogen energy production, storage and transportation, conversion and application industry chain. This paper analyzed the development status of green power hydrogen production technology, hydrogen storage and transportation technology, hydrogen application technology, and studied the typical scenarios of green electricity-hydrogen energy-multi-domain application and the key technologies of network coupling and integration. This work provides indicative ideas for the combination of hydrogen energy production, storage and application technology, and the development of application network in various areas.Keywords：hydrogen energy;hydrogen production from green electricity;hydrogen storage and transportation;coupling integration67|128|16<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-06- Abstract：The pollution-free characteristics of hydrogen energy make it a necessary means to achieve the goals of “carbon peaking” and “carbon neutralization” in China. With the implementation of a series of related policies, the development of hydrogen energy is to enter the fast lane. Large scale storage and transportation of hydrogen energy with low energy consumption is a technical bottleneck that needs to be solved urgently at present. Hydrogen liquefaction with mixed refrigerant is an effective means to solve this problem. This paper made a statistical analysis of the current hydrogen liquefaction with mixed refrigerants. The basic technical routes of different researchers and the current hydrogen liquefaction process were summarized. Furthermore, the suggestions for the development of hydrogen liquefaction process with mixed refrigerants were put forward, to provide effective support for large-scale storage and transportation technology of hydrogen and accelerate the realization of large-scale commercial use of hydrogen energy.Keywords：hydrogen energy;hydrogen liquefaction;energy consumption;mixed refrigerant65|94|1<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-06
- Abstract：Proton exchange membrane (PEM) water electrolysis is a green and sustainable method of hydrogen production. The development of efficient and economical electrocatalysts for anodic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is the key to its large-scale commercialization. Iridium oxide catalysts supported by different manganese based oxide carriers (IrOx/Mn8O10Cl3, IrOx/β-MnO2 and IrOx/α-MnO2) were prepared by two-step synthesis method, and the content of iridium is about 55%. Compared with the commercial IrO2 and other noble metal containing electrocatalysts, the synthesized catalysts have lower overpotential and higher current density. The overpotential of IrOx/β-MnO2 is only 228 mV at the current density of 10 mA/cm2. The specific mass activity of IrOx/Mn8O10Cl3 reaches 916.7 A/gIr at 1.53V. The enhancement of OER activity is attributed to the abundant hydroxyl oxygen defects and IrIII species on the catalyst surface. The rich crystalline-amorphous interface provides a large number of active sites for the reaction. The iridium oxide/manganese based oxide catalysts reported in this paper provide new insights for the development of efficient and economical catalysts for acidic OER.Keywords：proton exchange membrane water electrolysis;oxygen evolution reaction;manganese based oxide carriers;iridium oxide catalysts45|102|1<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-06
- Abstract：A model of hundred kilowatt proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) combined heat and power system was established in Aspen Plus platform, which was composed of fuel processing unit, heat recovery unit and PEMFC unit. The key equipment model of fuel processing unit was built according to the reaction kinetic parameters, while PEMFC stack adopted the custom model from Aspen Custom Modeler. This paper verified the accuracy of key equipment model and analyzed the effects of operating parameters on system performances under steady-state conditions. The results show that under the operation mode of determining heat by power, the feed of combustion natural gas or the steam-carbon ratio of reforming gas can be appropriately reduced to improve electrical efficiency and exergy efficiency of the system. In addition, the linkage valve on the pipeline from pressure swing adsorption (PSA) to PEMFC can be adjusted to increase the anode inlet pressure of the stack, so as to improve the power generation. However, it is not recommended to increase the cathode inlet pressure of the stack, which will lead to raise of auxiliary equipment power consumption and decline in net power efficiency. When the power is determined by heat, the opposite adjustment method can be adopted, and the exhaust temperature of combustion flue gas and PEMFC tail gas can be reduced to improve the system thermal efficiency. The study results provide reference for adjusting the operation parameters of PEMFC combined heat and power system to achieve appropriate thermo-electric output ratio.Keywords：hydrogen production by nature gas steam reforming;proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC);combined heat and power;steady state characteristics66|102|5<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-06
- Abstract：High temperature solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) is a new type of high-efficiency electrochemical energy transfer device with high energy transfer efficiency, high reaction rate and wide application scenarios. It has enormous potential in the fields including production of low-cost green hydrogen and carbonaceous product with high added values. Nitrogen oxide treatment and ammonia synthesis may also be a promising direction of application. SOEC is expected to play an important role in the low-carbon transformation of energy, chemical industry, transportation and other fields. Based on the latest progress of SOEC in the fields of hydrogen production, oil production, nitride treatment and ammonia production, the development status of SOEC was systematically summarized, and the key directions for future development were prospected.Keywords：hydrogen energy;hydrogen production;solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC);electrochemistry;synthetic ammonia83|153|6<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-06
Preparation of Nitrogen Doped Mesoporous Carbon Supported Cobalt Catalyst and Its Performance for Removal of CO in Hydrogen-Rich Gas AI Introduction
Abstract：In order to effectively remove CO from hydrogen-rich gas, cobalt-based nano-particle catalyst supported on nitrogen-doped ordered mesoporous carbon was prepared and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman spectrum, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and thermogravimetry-mass spectrometry (TG-MS). The effects of nitrogen doping on the self-reduction behavior of the catalyst and CO methanation reaction performance were studied. The characterization results show that the nitrogen atoms introduced into the mesoporous carbon skeleton are mainly used as the nucleation sites of cobalt oxide, which have a strong interaction with the oxide carrier, and greatly improve the dispersion of cobalt species. Thus, small nano-cobalt particles with uniform particle size are formed, which significantly promote self-reduction reaction and thereby improve the reduction degree of the catalyst. The catalyst evaluation results show that, compared with the mesoporous carbon carrier without doping, the CO removal efficiency of the catalyst doped by nitrogen is much higher.Keywords：fuel cell;nitrogen doping;mesoporous carbon;self-reduction;methanation;CO removal75|101|0<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-06
Key technologies of green hydrogen preparation, storage and multi-scenario application
Preparation of Sulfur-doped Porous Carbon and Its Electro-adsorption Performance for Heavy Metals in Desulfurization Wastewater AI Introduction
Abstract：Heavy metal pollution in desulfurization wastewater from coal-fired power plants has huge potential harm to the environment. Among them, the problem of heavy metal ions such as Pb2+, Cd2+ and Cr3+ is particularly prominent. Efficient and targeted removal of relevant heavy metal ions is a huge challenge for wastewater purification. For this reason, sulfur-doped porous carbon materials were prepared by template method to selectively remove heavy metal ions from wastewater with electro-adsorption. The results show that the removal efficiency of Pb2+, Cd2+ and Cr3+ in wastewater can still reach 99% after 5 cycles. The electric adsorption experiment was carried out for the actual desulfurization wastewater from a coal-fired power plant in northern China, the mass concentrations of Pb2+, Cd2+ and Cr3+ could be effectively reduced to less than 0.2 µg/L. Through structural, morphological and electrochemical characteri-zation, it is found that S/PC3 has excellent ion transport channels (mesoporous ratio is 91.06%) and electrochemical performance (117.3 F/g, 1 A/g). At the same time, the appropriate sulfur doping amount improves the site activity of sulfur-doped carbon materials, and makes the sulfur atoms (Lewis soft base) with heavy metal ions (Lewis soft acid) combine.Keywords：coal-fired power plant;sulfur-doped porous carbon;flue gas desulfurization;desulfurization wastewater;heavy metal;electro-adsorption65|130|1<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-06Study on Removal and Distribution Mechanism of Ammonia in Flue Gas of Coal-fired Power Plant AI Introduction
Abstract：The removal efficiency of ammonia in denitrification downstream equipment, concentration and distribution mechanism of ammonia in fly ash and slurry were studied under the condition of high concentration of ammonia escaping from denitrification by selective catalytic reduction (SCR) in coal-fired power plants. Through sampling analysis of 350 MW and 600 MW units, the results show that: the escaping ammonia removal efficiencies of air preheater, electrostatic precipitator and wet desulphurization system are 3.37%-6.63%, 75.14%-83.28% and 36.36%-46.38%, respectively. The ammonia removal efficiencies of these downstream environmental protection equipment are high, and the ammonia concentration at chimney entrance decreases obviously compared with that at denitrification outlet. The ammonia content in fly ash is inversely proportional to the particle size of fly ash. Ammonia concentration in desulfurized flue gas increases with the increase of ammonia concentration in original flue gas. The removal efficiency of ammonia in desulphurization system decreases with the increase of slurry pH value. The results have great significance to the units’ environmental protection and economic running.Keywords：coal-fired power plant;selective catalytic reduction (SCR);ammonia slip80|96|0<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-06Reconstruction of Temperature Distribution by Acoustic Tomography Based on Principal Component Analysis and Deep Neural Network AI Introduction
Abstract：In order to obtain the online monitoring information of boiler furnace temperature field in thermal power plant quickly and accurately, a temperature field reconstruction algorithm of acoustic tomography (AT) based on deep neural network (DNN) was proposed. After normalizing the measured values, combined with principal component analysis (PCA) dimension reduction, a fully connected network was constructed to distinguish the peak type. Moreover, DNN and BP neural network were built to predict the normalized slowness value and its maximum value, respectively. Finally, the temperature field distribution was reconstructed. Four typical temperature field models were simulated by using this method. The results show that the reconstruction quality of DNN algorithm is better than that of Tikhonov regularization algorithm and conjugate gradient algorithm. In addition, the average relative error and root mean square error of reconstructed image are less than 0.36% and 0.85% respectively.Keywords：thermal power plant;power plant boiler;temperature field;acoustic tomography (AT);deep neural network (DNN);principal component analysis (PCA)39|75|4<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-06
Power Generation and Environmental Protection
- Abstract：The multi-energy complementary demonstra-tion projects of wind-solar-water-thermal-energy storage focuses on the development from the power side, and forms a complementary operation mode by using wind energy, solar energy, hydropower, coal to generate electricity. Multi-energy complementarity can effectively solve the problems of wind abandoning, light abandoning, water abandoning and power limiting, promote the absorption of renewable energy nearby, realize the stable delivery of electricity and improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of energy. This paper summarized the connotation construction principles of multi-energy complementarity, detailed the development status and existing problems of the first batch of multi-energy complementarity demonstration projects, and analyzed in detail the development paths of different modes of multi-energy complementarity projects. This paper focused on the evaluation of wind and solar resources, new energy site planning, total installed capacity and optimal power ratio, optimal allocation of energy storage, coordinated control technology to ensure safety and stability and economic evaluation indicators of the project, so as to extract the general process and development mode suitable for the construction and promotion of multi-energy complementary projects. Finally, some summary and suggestions were put forward from the aspects of top-level design, market mechanism and operation management.Keywords：wind-solar-water-thermal-energy storage;multi-energy complement;demonstration project;development path;promotion model102|583|18<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-06
Research on Electrical Equipment Big Data Mobile Laboratory Based on Power Grid Cloud Data Management and Its Application AI Introduction
Abstract：Aiming at the problems of low efficiency, low level of intelligent operation and low level of data informatization application encountered in the current substation equipment test operation, a mobile laboratory platform based on grid cloud data management was developed. This paper focused on the theoretical process of the result judgment of the expert analysis system embedded in the mobile laboratory platform. Combined with the practical application cases of transformer differential protection after operation, according to the test results of low-voltage short-circuit impedance method, capacitance method, frequency response characteristic method, transformation ratio and direct resistance test, the reliability of the embedded expert analysis system to analyze the winding deformation caused by the short circuit impact of the transformer was illustrated. Finally, according to the results of the dismantling inspection after returning to the factory, the validity of the platform in the field application was further verified.Keywords：power system;substation;transformer;mobile laboratory;cloud data;winding deformation37|45|6<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-06A Planning Method for Anti-disaster Backbone Grid Considering Economy and Reliability AI Introduction
Abstract：The construction of anti-disaster backbone grid is of great significance to enhance the power supply capacity of power system under extreme natural disasters. Comprehensively considering economy and reliability, a planning method for anti-disaster backbone grid was proposed. The economy and reliability of the planning scheme were expressed as the strengthened cost and the benefit from loss reduction in life cycle. The objective function was to maximize the unit benefit from loss reduction of the original grid caused by the unit strengthened cost of backbone grid. Taking the network connectivity and safe operation of power system into account, a planning model for anti-disaster backbone grid was established. The model was solved by the improved crisscross optimization (ICSO) algorithm to find the optimal planning scheme. Finally, the effectiveness of the proposed method was verified by the simulation analysis of the IEEE 30-bus system.Keywords：power grid planning;anti-disaster backbone grid;life cycle cost;crisscross optimization (CSO)57|94|1<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-06
Smart Grid
