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Efficient and Comprehensive Photovoltaic/Photothermal Utilization Technologies for Solar Energy AI Introduction
Abstract：The efficient and comprehensive utilization of solar energy is of great significance for the sustainable development of energy and the realization of the strategic objectives of peak carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutralization. Firstly, focus on the two main solar energy utilization modes, photovoltaic and photothermal, we systematically introduced the main types, research status and development trend of photovoltaic technologies, as well as the current situation and development trend of thermal power generation, building heating and refrigeration, seawater desalination and industrial heating in photothermal utilization. Then, we discussed the basic principles, main types and research progress of photovoltaic/thermal integration technology, especially the integration technology combined with the phase change heat transfer mode, was systematically introduced. Finally, several flexible "photovoltaic +" solar energy utilization technologies were introduced briefly. Photovoltaic, photothermal, photovoltaic/thermal integration and "photovoltaic +" technologies are still in a period of rapid development, have huge application potential and breed a large number of new technological growth points. These technologies are of great significance to solve the energy and environmental crisis and maintain the sustainable development of human society.Keywords：comprehensive utilization of solar energy;photovoltaic;photothermal;photovoltaic/thermal;photovoltaic +91|187|0<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-06Review on Research Status and Developing Tendency of Solar Photovoltaic/Thermal Technology AI Introduction
Abstract：Solar photovoltaic/thermal (PV/T) technology is the integration of PV modules and solar collectors, which can simultaneously generate electricity and provide thermal energy. The overall efficiency and the space utilization efficiency will be improved simultaneously by the combination of two modules. The types of PV/T technology and related theoretical researches were summarized firstly in this review. By focusing on the heat loss and overtemperature problem of flat-panel PV/T technology, the design progress has been reviewed and analyzed. The state-of-art study on integration of phase change materials with PV/T (PV/T-PCM) technology was comprehensively summarized. The deficiencies in the research and the future development tendency were also prospected in order to provide theoretical guidance for further development of PV/T systems.Keywords：solar energy;photovoltaic power generation;photothermal power generation;thermal performance;electrical performance;phase change thermal energy storage139|1028|0<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-06- Abstract：The solar collector is an important equipment for photo-thermal conversion. It can be used not only for centralized energy utilization by tower thermal power generation technology, but also for distributed energy utilization by disc thermal power generation technology. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the thermal performance of solar collectors. A new method was proposed to calculate the average fluid temperature of solar collectors. The experimental results show that the calculation results are in good agreement with the experimental data, which proves that the method can predict the average fluid temperature of solar collector. The effect of different parameters on thermal efficiency was also investigated to better acquire the thermal performance of solar collectors. The results show that when the input power is constant, increasing the flow rate can effectively improve the efficiency of solar collector. When the flow rate is constant, the efficiency of solar collector increases first and then decreases with the increase of input power. The efficiency of solar collector is inversely proportional to the inlet temperature and proportional to the ambient temperature.Keywords：solar thermal power generation;solar collector;average fluid temperature;thermal performance52|199|0<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-06
Analysis and Research on Output Characteristics of Regional Photovoltaic Power Generation AI Introduction
Abstract：In order to further analyze the consumption problem caused by regional photovoltaic power generation, the actual output data of typical photovoltaic power plants in Gansu province was used as an analysis sample to study the output characteristics of regional photovoltaic power generation. The output characteristics of a single photovoltaic power station was considered, and the seasonal and weather characteristics of photovoltaic daytime output was analyzed. Considering the cluster characteristics of photovoltaic power generation output, the volatility, correlation and simultaneity rate among different photovoltaic power plants were analyzed. The research results show that the overall photovoltaic output level in Gansu province is relatively high, but there are certain regional differences. Daily output is cyclical, while fluctuations are random. The output of regional photovoltaic power plants is correlated. Compared with the output of a single photovoltaic power station, the output of regional photovoltaic power plants has been reduced at the same time, and the impact on the grid when connected to the grid is reduced, which can improve the occurrence of “photovoltaic abandonment phenomenon”. The proposed quantitative analysis index for photovoltaic power generation output characteristics provides ideas and methods for regional photovoltaic power consumption analysis, and provides a reference for the formulation of photovoltaic power generation development plans.Keywords：photovoltaic power generation;correlation;output characteristic;simultaneity rate;distribution characteristic46|441|0<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-06- Abstract：As an important component of the wind turbine, the tower has a harsh working environment and complex stress, and the load it bears is highly random and variable. Its dynamic characteristics directly affect the safe operation of the wind turbine. Higher requirements are placed on the dynamic characteristics, life loss characteristics and stability of tower. The engineering background of wind turbine tower dynamic characteristics and structural loss research were described, the tower structure and main load characteristics of large-scale wind turbines were introduced, the more common tower structure model establishment methods and working condition simulation methods were sorted out, and the research progress of tower structure modal analysis, dynamic response analysis, buckling stability analysis, and fatigue damage analysis were summarized. Additionally, the domestic and foreign numerical values of simulation technology and the research results were reviewed. A preliminary prospect for the future research direction of tower dynamic characteristics was also made, aiming to provide some references for the further development of this research field.Keywords：wind turbine;tower;dynamic characteristics;life loss;modal analysis;dynamic response;buckling;fatigue148|727|0<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-06
- Abstract：In order to achieve efficient management of clean energy (such as hydropower, photovoltaic, island micro grid, etc.) power generation system in Hainan. Combining the characteristics of distributed energy with internet technology, we built the Internet plus intelligent energy information service system, and implemented collaborative sharing of multiple distributed energy information systems.Firstly, Alibaba cloud technology was used to build a flexible basic data platform, and then a network protocol converter based on Internet of things protocol was developed to realize the data docking between the local power station and the cloud platform. After that, the operation data were analyzed and processed, and data information was pushed to different target groups through Internet web publishing and mobile APP software. At present, 34 distributed photovoltaic power plants with installed capacity of 91 MW have been integrated and managed, which have been running stably for about three years and greatly improving the management level of distributed energy. The attempt of using new internet technology to achieve efficient management and intelligent decision-making of clean energy and distributed energy is conducive to promoting the development of energy Internet.Keywords：clean energy;“Internet +” smart energy;information system;remote synergic sharing;expert system38|271|0<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-06
- Abstract：Aiming at the charging difficulty of electric vehicles and the high idle rate of private charging piles, this paper took electric vehicles and private charging piles as the research objects, and designed the sharing strategy mechanism of private charging piles based on blockchain. To truly reflect the preference degree of electric vehicles to charging piles, the travel route, charging time and user psychology of electric vehicles were modeled, and the comprehensive evaluation index of electric vehicles to charging piles was calculated. The charging trading mechanism of the sharing platform was established to obtain the dynamic electricity price that takes into account the charging pressure in the region. The blockchain and delegated proof of stake consensus mechanisms were used to ensure the security of transactions. The simulation results show that the proposed strategy can provide additional charging options for electric vehicle users to relieve charging pressure and bring certain benefits to the owners of private charging piles. The designed consensus mechanism can effectively prevent false information.Keywords：blockchain;electric vehicle;charging pile;sharing mechanism49|240|0<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-06
Intelligent Energy
- Abstract：Based on the existing relevant technical system, coal-fired power units can be gradually transformed through the “three-step” carbon reduction strategy, that is, through technical carbon reduction (coal consumption reduction and deep peak shaving) to achieve low carbonization, through fuel decarburization to achieve zero carbonization, through flue gas decarburization to achieve negative carbonization. The strategy makes coal-fired power units have advantages of reliable, harmonic and stable, and solves the high carbon emissions of the units. As a kind of zero-carbon new energy, biomass thermal power can simultaneously solve the following two dilemmas: the wind and solar new energy power plus energy storage can’t really ensure the safety of power grid; the traditional coal power is stable and adjustable, but the carbon emission intensity is too high. Biomass thermal power has become the backbone of China’s future low-carbon power supply, and will make historical contributions to the early realization of a new power system with new energy as the main body.Keywords：carbon peak;carbon neutrality;coal-fired power units;energy saving and consumption reducing;deep peak shaving;fuel decarburization;flue gas decarburization62|243|0<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-06
Opportunities, Challenges and Application Prospects of Ammonia Fuel Under the Target of Carbon Neutrality AI Introduction
Abstract：In the context of the global low-carbon transition, low-carbon and zero-carbon technologies such as hydrogen and ammonia are gradually gaining popularity, and are considered to be one of long-term technological choices for tackling climate change. Focusing on the strategic requirements of realizing the carbon neutrality target, this paper sorted out the characteristics of ammonia fuel, discussedits advantages, opportunities and challenges as a zero-carbon fuel, and analyzed the experience and enlightenment of developing ammonia industry in other countries. The research believes that ammonia fuel is one of the important zero-carbon energy sources under the background of carbon neutrality, and it has wide application prospects in fields of industry, electric power, and transportation. It is suggested that China should consider the development pace of global “ammonia economy”, deploy the “green ammonia” industry timely, and promote the pilot demonstration and application of ammonia fuel.Keywords：carbon neutrality;ammonia fuel;zero-carbon energy;new storage and regulation technology;transportation fuel51|530|0<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-06Analysis on the Development Path of Natural Gas Power Generation in China Under the Background of Carbon Emission Target AI Introduction
Abstract：In response to global climate change, China has vowed to peak its carbon dioxide emissions by 2030 and strive to be carbon neutrality by 2060. In order to achieve this goal, the transformation of energy structure is becoming more and more urgent. Compared with coal-fired power generation, natural gas has the characteristics of high power generation efficiency, low pollution and strong flexibility. In order to explore its development mode under the background of carbon emission targets, a summary and review of the development of gas power generation in China during the 13th Five-Year Plan period was performed. Combined with the development history of gas and electricity in foreign countries and transformation of power industry in the process of decarbonization in Europe, it is pointed out that during the 14th Five-Year Plan period, gas power will have further development. It is reflected in the wider layout, more intense competition, more prominent features of the combination of large and small scale, and more popularization of low emission burners and selective catalytic reduction transformation. At the same time, there are still problems that restrict development of gas power, such as shortage of gas sources, insufficient capacity of pipeline network construction and gas storage, and dependence on foreign technologies. Based on this, the corresponding development suggestions were put forward in order to provide useful reference for the healthy development of China’s gas power and the transformation and upgrading of gas power.Keywords：carbon emission;carbon naturality;natural gas power;energy transformation and upgrading119|316|0<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-06
Carbon Neutrality
Distributed Power Access and Energy Storage Configuration in Active Distribution Network AI Introduction
Abstract：Distributed energy access and energy storage configuration are the key links in the design of active distribution network. It is of great significance to study the design method for supporting the scientific development of active distribution network. On the basis of full research and demonstration, the content of active distribution network scheme design, and the technical principles of the overall design of active distribution network were determined firstly, which played a macro guiding role in the scheme design. In addition, an in-depth study of the capacity configuration of distributed power sources and energy storage systems in the active distribution network was carried out, and a general method of distributed power access and energy storage capacity optimization configuration was proposed, which provided technical support for the design of active distribution network scheme. Finally, combined with practical engineering cases, the rationality of the method was verified for reference by designers.Keywords：distributed energy;active distribution network;distributed power;energy storage configuration;microgrid;new energy71|576|0<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-06- Abstract：Due to the uncertainty and randomicity of wind power, it is difficult to accurately predict wind power, which leads to certain limitations of day-ahead dispatch model established based on wind power prediction. In order to solve this problem and improve wind power accommodation ratio, a flexible load day-ahead dispatch model considering wind power prediction error was proposed. Firstly, the controllable flexible loads, such as energy storage and industrial high load load, were modeled. Secondly, the probabilistic distribution characteristics of wind power prediction errors were considered, and a day-ahead dispatch model aiming at the maximum wind power accommodation was established. Finally, based on ensuring the safety and reliability of the system, the dispatch model was optimized by genetic algorithm based on MATLAB. The simulation results show that compared with the day-ahead dispatch model, the wind power accommodation is increased by 1.83%, and the efficiency of the proposed dispatch model is verified. Moreover, the imbalance problems of power system power is solved effectively by the short-term scheduling of the flexible load. The stability of power system is improved.Keywords：wind power predictioin;dispatch model;flexible load;wind power accommodation;genetic algorithm(GA)30|61|0<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-06
Analysis of High Frequency Resonance and Suppression in Yu to E VSC-HVDC Project Connected to Power Grid AI Introduction
Abstract：In view of the high frequency resonance generated by Yu side connected to the AC grid in the Yu to E voltage source converter based high voltage direct current transmission (VSC-HVDC) south channel project, the characteristics of VSC-HVDC converter affecting the system stability were analyzed with the impedance analysis method. Mathematical model of the converter and AC line equivalent impedance was established by using the parameters of the converter and AC lines in Yu to E VSC-HVDC project . The impedance amplitude-frequency characteristics and phase-frequency characteristics of the converter and AC lines were obtained by applying MATLAB simulation calculation. The twice cases of high-frequency resonance in Yu side of the Yu to E back-to-back (BTB) VSC-HVDC south channel project were carried out in-depth analysis, and the cause of high frequency resonance was found by the analysis result. Finally, the high frequency resonance suppression strategy was put forward in Yu to E BTB VSC-HVDC project, and was verified by PSCAD simulation calculation.Keywords：voltage source converter based high voltage direct current transmission (VSC-HVDC);high frequency resonance;resistance analysis method;suppression strategy;simulation calculation37|405|0<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-06Generation Method of Substation Switching Operation Ticket Based on Finite State Machine AI Introduction
Abstract：In order to solve the problem of insufficient intelligence and practicability of switching operation order system in substation, this paper studied an intelligent generation method of switching operation order based on finite state machine (FSM). According to the relationship between substation equipment and FSM, an operation ticket generation model was established. By analyzing the operation task, all relevant operation equipments and initial states were obtained. With each operation equipment event as the state, switching operation principle, transferred equipment event and other constraints as the input signals, the FSM was driven to transfer the state of operation equipment, and the model was solved, the intelligent generation of operation order was further realized. The method was verified through an example. The test results show that the operation ticket issued by the proposed method is consistent with the actual operation ticket results, and can complete the billing operation efficiently and quickly, with strong intelligence and practicability.Keywords：electric power system;transformer substation;operation ticket;operation sequence;finite state machine (FSM);natural language processing71|532|0<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-06
Smart Grid
Ash Accumulation State Identification for Infrared Compensation Images of Air Preheater Rotor Based on Deep Learning Method AI Introduction
Abstract：Ash plugging of the rotary air preheater widely used in large-scale power station often occurs and even reduces the efficiency of the boiler in sever cases. Therefore, a deep learning-based method was proposed for analyzing the evolution of ash accumulation for the infrared compensation images of the air preheater rotor. The sample data of the infrared compensation images of air preheater rotor was preprocessed, and the denoised image was transformed into the gray-level curve image, and the Gaussian filtering method was used for the image enhancement. Then, the gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) was established, the correlation statistics were calculated, and five different types of texture feature parameters of angular second moment (ASM) energy, contrast, entropy, inverse difference moment (IDM) and correlation were extracted. Finally, a deep belief network (DBN) model was established, which was trained with those preprocessed infrared images. The testing results show that the proposed method can not only detect effectively and monitor the ash accumulation of the air preheater rotor, but also predict the occurrence of ash blockage in advance, so as to guide the operators to optimize the operation of the ash blowing system and ensure the normal operation of the air preheater.Keywords：power station boiler;rotary air preheater;ash accumulation;infrared compensation imaging;texture feature;gray-level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM);deep belief network (DBN)39|235|0<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-06Research on Steam Temperature Control Strategy in Peak Regulation of 1 000 MW Coal Power Unit AI Introduction
Abstract：In the response process of rapid peak regulation and frequency regulation of coal-fired units, quickly controlling the steam temperature within a reasonable range is one of the difficulties in the field of automatic control. Due to the large inertia and large delay characteristics of steam temperature, the conventional cascade control often fails to achieve better control results. Meanwhile, advanced algorithms such as model prediction and neural networks are affected by non-linearity, measurement uncertainty and time-varying characteristics of temperature object, which limits their application in actual control. This paper proposed a hybrid control model based on cascade and local Smith prediction. The accurate local Smith prediction model was obtained through parameter identification method, and the steam temperature control strategy based on the hybrid structure was constructed and applied in the 1 000 MW ultra-supercritical boiler desupercritical water system. The results show that the method is efficient, easy to use and stable, which can effectively improve the performance of steam temperature control and achieve good control effects.Keywords：1 000 MW ultra-supercritical boiler;coal-fired units;steam temperature control;local Smith prediction;peak regulation;frequency regulation74|108|0<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-06
Power Generation and Environmental Protection
