Optimal Configuration and Performance Analysis of Terminal Multi-energy Complementary System

doi:10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.21129

Abstract

Abstract:

In order to establish a typical terminal multi-energy complementary system and know the characteristics of different optimal configurations and influence factors of its performance under different optimization objectives, this paper proposed a terminal multi-energy complementary system that integrates solar energy, wind energy and natural gas. The energy flow characteristics were analyzed based on the bus-bar structure, and an integrated optimization model for the design and operation of the system was established accordingly. Furthermore, the effects of optimization objectives and energy prices on the optimal configuration and performance of the system were studied, and the applicable scenarios of typical equipment such as micro-gas turbine, internal combustion engine and absorption chiller were illustrated, as well as the promoting effects of flexible power supply and energy storage device on the consumption of photovoltaic and wind power. The relationship between annual CO₂ emission reduction ratio and fossil fuel saving ratio of the system is consistent, and that between annual cost saving ratio and CO₂ emission reduction ratio is contrary under current technical and economic conditions. The most suitable natural gas price to ensure the applicable downward pressure exists and the effect of peak-valley difference of electricity price on system performance is clarified. The results can provide reference for system integration optimization design and energy price policy formulation.

Key words: multi-energy complementary, bus-bar structure, optimal configuration, performance analysis, energy price analysis

CLC Number:

TK 01

Yi CHEN, Yingxin XU, Dongjie XU, Xiang GAO. Optimal Configuration and Performance Analysis of Terminal Multi-energy Complementary System[J]. Power Generation Technology, 2022, 43(6): 823-833.

Figures/Tables 14

Fig. 1 Structure diagram of terminal multi-energy complementary system

Fig. 2 Bus-bar energy flow diagram of terminal multi-energy complementary system

Fig. 3 Cooling, heating and electrical load curves in summer

Fig. 4 Cooling, heating and electrical load curves in winter

Fig. 5 Cooling, heating and electrical load curves in transition seation

Fig. 6 Solar radiation level of a typical day in each month

Tab. 1 Technical parameters of optional equipments

设备类型	技术参数	数值	设备类型	技术参数	数值
内燃机	额定功率容量 $P g e n, r$ /kW	200	风机	切入风速 $v i n$ /(m/s)	3
	发电效率 $η g e n$	0.37	风机	切出风速 $v o u t$ /(m/s)	25
	热电比 $α g e n$	1.3	蓄电池	自放电率 $σ e s$	0.001
	最低负载率 $χ m i n$	0.3		最大充电率 $χ e s, c h$ /h^-1	0.2
微燃机	额定功率容量 $P g e n, r$ /kW	200		最大放电率 $χ e s, d i s c h$ /h^-1	0.4
	发电效率 $η g e n$	0.3		充电效率 $η e s, c h$	0.95
	热电比 $α g e n$	1.9		放电效率 $η e s, d i s c h$	0.95
	最低负载率 $χ m i n$	0.3		SOC上限 $S e s m a x$	0.9
光伏	降额因数 $f p v$	0.9		SOC下限 $S e s m i n$	0.2
光伏	功率温度系数 $α P$ /(%/℃)	-0.5	燃气锅炉	制热效率 $η g b$	0.92
风机	额定功率容量 $P r$ /kW	10	电制冷机	能效比 $C O P e c$	4
风机	额定风速 $v r$ /(m/s)	10	吸收式制冷机	能效比 $C O P a c$	1.2

Tab. 1 Technical parameters of optional equipments

设备类型	技术参数	数值	设备类型	技术参数	数值
内燃机	额定功率容量 $P g e n, r$ /kW	200	风机	切入风速 $v i n$ /(m/s)	3
	发电效率 $η g e n$	0.37	风机	切出风速 $v o u t$ /(m/s)	25
	热电比 $α g e n$	1.3	蓄电池	自放电率 $σ e s$	0.001
	最低负载率 $χ m i n$	0.3		最大充电率 $χ e s, c h$ /h^-1	0.2
微燃机	额定功率容量 $P g e n, r$ /kW	200		最大放电率 $χ e s, d i s c h$ /h^-1	0.4
	发电效率 $η g e n$	0.3		充电效率 $η e s, c h$	0.95
	热电比 $α g e n$	1.9		放电效率 $η e s, d i s c h$	0.95
	最低负载率 $χ m i n$	0.3		SOC上限 $S e s m a x$	0.9
光伏	降额因数 $f p v$	0.9		SOC下限 $S e s m i n$	0.2
光伏	功率温度系数 $α P$ /(%/℃)	-0.5	燃气锅炉	制热效率 $η g b$	0.92
风机	额定功率容量 $P r$ /kW	10	电制冷机	能效比 $C O P e c$	4
风机	额定风速 $v r$ /(m/s)	10	吸收式制冷机	能效比 $C O P a c$	1.2

Tab. 2 Economic parameters of optional equipments

设备类型	固定初始投资/元	可变初始投资/(元/kW)	固定运行维护/(元/kW)	可变运行维护/[元/(kW∙h)]
内燃机	0	9 300	0.0	0.050
微燃机	0	13 660	0.0	0.102
光伏	0	5 190	2.0	0
风机	0	5 380	1.4	0
蓄电池	0	940	0.0	0
燃气锅炉	0	270	2.1	0
电制冷机	0	3 130	1.3	0
吸收式制冷机	131 530	4 650	12.8	0

Tab. 3 Weight coefficient of evaluation index in optimization target

情形	指标权重
情形	β₁	β₂	β₃
1	1	0	0
2	0.8	0.1	0.1
3	0.1	0.8	0.1
4	0.1	0.1	0.8

Tab. 4 System configuration in different situations

设备	情形1	情形2	情形3	情形4	参比系统
燃气发电机类型	内燃机	内燃机	内燃机	内燃机	—
燃气发电机台数	6	6	7	7	0
风机台数	10	10	10	10	0
光伏容量/kW	1 000	1 000	1 000	1 000	0
电制冷机容量/kW	628	601	529	521	703
吸收式制冷机容量/kW	250	339	579	605	0
燃气锅炉容量/kW	1 934	1 286	1 138	1 183	2 422
蓄电池容量/(kW⋅h)	74	231	789	618	0
购电峰值功率/kW	1 304	480	34	9	1 964

Tab. 5 System performance in different situations

目标函数	情形1	情形2	情形3	情形4
C_SR/%	19.61	19.21	17.53	17.60
C_ERR/%	44.41	58.59	60.80	60.79
F_FSR/%	28.21	36.17	37.10	37.10

Fig. 7 Impact of natural gas price on system configuration

Fig. 8 Impact of natural gas price on system performance

Tab. 6 Comparison of system optimization configuration schemes

项目	固定电价	当前电价	峰谷差增大40%
燃气发电机类型	内燃机	内燃机	内燃机
燃气发电机数量/台	6	6	6
风机数量/台	10	10	10
光伏额定容量/kW	1 000	1 000	1 000
电制冷机额定容量/kW	703	628	622
吸收式制冷机容量/kW	0	250	269
燃气锅炉额定容量/kW	1 347	1 934	1 974
蓄电池额定储能量/(kW⋅h)	0	74	567
电网购电峰值功率/kW	785	1 304	1 404
年总费用/万元	1 281.02	1 279.54	1 239.05
年CO₂排放量/t	5 921 256	7 556 452	7 579 245
年电网购电量/(kW⋅h)	1 075 638	3 271 605	3 293 772
年化石燃料消耗量/(kW⋅h)	29 237 158	32 455 435	32 525 800
年费用节省/%	19.51	19.61	22.15
年CO₂减排率/%	56.44	44.41	44.24
年化石燃料节约率/%	35.33	28.21	28.05

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