基于硅纳米线的PEDOT:PSS/Si杂化太阳电池结构优化及实验研究

doi:10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.22036

发电技术 ›› 2023, Vol. 44 ›› Issue (5): 685-695.DOI: 10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.22036

基于硅纳米线的PEDOT:PSS/Si杂化太阳电池结构优化及实验研究

高中亮¹^,², 耿奇¹^,³, 王哲¹, 高婷³, 李英峰¹, 陈雷³, 李美成¹

^1.华北电力大学新能源学院，北京市昌平区 102206
^2.山东理工大学电气与电子工程学院，山东省淄博市 255000
^3.华北电力大学数理学院，北京市昌平区 102206

收稿日期:2023-05-11 出版日期:2023-10-31 发布日期:2023-10-30
作者简介:高中亮(1993)，男，博士，讲师，主要从事新能源材料与器件、新型硅基太阳电池发电技术的研究，zhlgao@sdut.edu.cn；
李英峰(1982)，男，博士，副教授，主要从事太阳能电池器件设计与制备，太阳能电池光管理、电管理和热管理，太阳能电池增效，太阳能电池界面工程的研究，liyingfeng@ncepu.edu.cn；
陈雷(1963)，男，博士，教授，主要从事新能源材料与器件的研究，chlei@ncepu.edu.cn；
李美成(1973)，男，博士，教授，主要从事太阳能与储能技术方面的研究，本文通信作者，mcli@ncepu.edu.cn。
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(52232008);北京市自然科学基金项目(2222076);北京市科技项目(Z211100004621010);教育部科学技术委员会2022年战略研究重点项目;华能集团总部科技项目(HNKJ20-H88);中央高校基本科研业务费项目(2022MS029);华北电力大学双一流建设项目

Structure Optimization and Experimental Study of PEDOT:PSS/Si Hybrid Solar Cells With SiNWs

Zhongliang GAO¹^,², Qi GENG¹^,³, Zhe WANG¹, Ting GAO³, Yingfeng LI¹, Lei CHEN³, Meicheng LI¹

^1.School of New Energy, North China Electric Power University, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China
^2.School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Shandong University of Technology, Zibo 255000, Shandong Province, China
^3.School of Mathematics and Physics, North China Electric Power University, Changping District, Beijing 102206, China

Received:2023-05-11 Published:2023-10-31 Online:2023-10-30
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(52232008);Natural Science Foundation of Beijing(2222076);Science and Technology Project of Beijing(Z211100004621010);2022 Strategic Research Key Project of Science and Technology Commission of the Ministry of Education;Huaneng Group Headquarters Science and Technology Project(HNKJ20-H88);Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2022MS029);Double First-class Construction Project of North China Electric Power University

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

硅纳米线(silicon nanowires，SiNWs)越长，光学性能越好，但这会使太阳电池的电学性能损失越来越大。采用模拟和实验的方法，对PEDOT:PSS/Si杂化太阳电池的SiNWs进行优化，重点研究了SiNWs长度造成的表面复合速率和串联电阻对太阳电池性能的影响。结果表明，随着SiNWs长度的增加，表面复合主要影响开路电压，对太阳电池的性能影响较大；串联电阻主要影响填充因子，对太阳电池的性能影响较小。实验证明，当SiNWs长度为246 nm左右时，PEDOT:PSS/Si杂化太阳电池的转换效率最高，为12.88%。研究结果可为含SiNWs的硅基太阳电池的设计提供指导。

关键词: 硅纳米线(SiNWs), PEDOT:PSS/Si杂化太阳电池, 结构优化

Abstract:

The large length of silicon nanowires (SiNWs) leads to their good optical properties, which causes increasing losses in the electrical performance of solar cells. The SiNWs in PEDOT:PSS/Si hybrid solar cells were optimized by simulations and experiments, and the effects of surface recombination rate and series resistance caused by SiNWs length on the performance of solar cells were studied. The results show that with the increase of SiNWs length, the surface recombination mainly affects the open circuit voltage and has great influence on the performance of solar cells. Moreover, the series resistance mainly affects the filling factor and has little effect on the performance of solar cells. Experiments show that when the length of SiNWs is about 246 nm, the highest conversion efficiency (12.88%) of PEDOT:PSS/Si hybrid solar cells can be obtained. The research results can provide guidance for the design of Si-based solar cells with SiNWs.

Key words: silicon nanowires (SiNWs), PEDOT:PSS/Si hybrid solar cells, structure optimization

中图分类号:

TK 513

高中亮, 耿奇, 王哲, 高婷, 李英峰, 陈雷, 李美成. 基于硅纳米线的PEDOT:PSS/Si杂化太阳电池结构优化及实验研究[J]. 发电技术, 2023, 44(5): 685-695.

Zhongliang GAO, Qi GENG, Zhe WANG, Ting GAO, Yingfeng LI, Lei CHEN, Meicheng LI. Structure Optimization and Experimental Study of PEDOT:PSS/Si Hybrid Solar Cells With SiNWs[J]. Power Generation Technology, 2023, 44(5): 685-695.

图/表 19

图1 含SiNWs的PEDOT:PSS/Si杂化太阳电池的结构和等效折射率分布

Fig. 1 Structure and equivalent refractive index distribution of PEDOT:PSS/Si hybrid solar cell with SiNWs

图2 不同f1条件下SiNWs阵列的等效折射率与波长的关系

Fig. 2 Relationship between equivalent refractive index and wavelength of SiNWs array under different f1

图3 含SiNWs的PEDOT:PSS/Si杂化太阳电池结构和载流子输运过程示意图

Fig. 3 Schematic diagram of structure and carrier transport process of PEDOT:PSS/Si hybrid solar cell with SiNWs

表1 PEDOT:PSS/Si杂化太阳电池模拟的关键参数

Tab. 1 Key parameters of PEDOT:PSS/Si hybrid solar cell simulation

组序号	SiNWs长度/nm	表面复合速率/(cm⋅s^-1)
1	1 000	0
	1 000	200
	1 000	400
	1 000	600
	1 000	800
	1 000	1 000
	1 000	1 200
	1 000	1 400
	1 000	1 600
	1 000	1 800
	1 000	2 000
2	0	0
	200	1 000
	400	1 000
	600	1 000
	800	1 000
	1 000	1 000
3	0	0
	200	0
	400	0
	600	0
	800	0
	1 000	0

图4 SiNWs长度为1 000 nm的PEDOT:PSS/Si杂化太阳电池在不同表面复合速率下的J-V曲线

Fig. 4 J-V curves of PEDOT:PSS/Si hybrid solar cell with SiNWs length of 1 000 nm at different surface recombination rates

图5 SiNWs长度为1 000 nm时PEDOT:PSS/Si杂化太阳电池的性能参数随表面复合速率变化的规律

Fig. 5 Variation of performance parameters of PEDOT:PSS/Si hybrid solar cell with surface recombination rates when SiNWs length is 1 000 nm

表2 PEDOT:PSS/Si杂化太阳电池在不同表面复合速率下的性能参数

Tab. 2 Performance parameters of PEDOT:PSS/Si hybrid solar cell with different surface recombination rates

表面复合速率/(cm⋅s^-1)	短路电流密度/(mA⋅cm^-2)	开路电压/mV	填充因子/ %	转换效率/ %
0	33.24	579	80.26	15.45
200	32.95	537	74.34	13.15
400	32.65	516	71.87	12.11
600	32.36	509	69.06	11.37
800	32.07	495	67.98	10.79
1 000	31.78	488	66.43	10.30
1 200	31.50	481	65.19	9.88
1 400	31.22	474	64.19	9.50
1 600	30.95	467	63.38	9.16
1 800	30.67	460	62.70	8.84
2 000	30.40	460	61.20	8.56

图6 表面复合速率为1 000 cm/s时PEDOT:PSS/Si杂化太阳电池在不同SiNWs长度下的J-V曲线

Fig. 6 J-V curves of PEDOT:PSS/Si hybrid solar cell with different SiNWs lengths at the surface recombination rate of 1 000 cm/s

图7 表面复合速率为1 000 cm/s时PEDOT:PSS/Si杂化太阳电池性能参数随SiNWs长度变化的规律

Fig. 7 Variation of performance parameters of PEDOT:PSS/Si hybrid solar cell with SiNWs lengths when the surface recombination rate is 1 000 cm/s

表3 PEDOT:PSS/Si杂化太阳电池在不同SiNWs长度下的性能参数

Tab. 3 Performance parameters of PEDOT:PSS/Si hybrid solar cell with different SiNWs lengths

SiNWs长度/nm	短路电流密度/ (mA⋅cm^-2)	开路电压/ mV	填充因子/ %	转换效率/ %
0	33.84	579	82.02	16.07
200	33.66	530	73.63	13.13
400	33.53	509	72.52	12.38
600	33.30	495	71.66	11.81
800	32.81	495	68.72	11.16
1 000	31.78	488	66.43	10.30

图8 无表面复合条件PEDOT:PSS/Si杂化太阳电池在不同SiNWs长度下的J-V曲线

Fig. 8 J-V curves of PEDOT:PSS/Si hybrid solar cell without surface recombination under different SiNWs lengths

图9 PEDOT:PSS/Si杂化太阳电池性能参数随SiNWs长度变化的规律

Fig. 9 Variation of performance parameters of PEDOT:PSS/Si hybrid solar cell with SiNWs lengths

表4 无表面复合条件PEDOT:PSS/Si杂化太阳电池在SiNWs长度下的性能参数

Tab. 4 Performance parameters of PEDOT:PSS/Si hybrid solar cell without surface recombination under different SiNWs lengths

SiNWs长度/nm	短路电流密度/(mA⋅cm^-2)	开路电压/mV	填充因子/ %	转换效率/ %
0	33.84	579	82.02	16.07
200	33.70	579	82.06	16.01
400	33.64	579	81.80	15.93
600	33.47	579	80.64	15.63
800	33.47	579	80.64	15.63
1 000	33.24	579	80.26	15.45

图10 不同SiNWs长度下PEDOT:PSS/Si异质结接触界面的SEM图像

Fig. 10 SEM images of contact interface of PEDOT:PSS/Si heterojunction with different SiNWs lengths

图11 不同长度下SiNWs阵列的反射光谱

Fig. 11 Reflectance spectra of SiNWs array with different lengths

图12 PEDOT:PSS/Si杂化太阳电池在不同SiNWs长度下的电流电压输出特性

Fig. 12 Current and voltage output characteristics of PEDOT:PSS/Si hybrid solar cell with different SiNWs lengths

表5 PEDOT:PSS/Si杂化太阳电池在不同SiNWs长度下的性能参数

Tab. 5 Performance parameters of PEDOT:PSS/Si hybrid solar cell with different SiNWs lengths

SiNWs长度/nm	短路电流密度/(mA⋅cm^-2)	开路电压/ mV	填充因子/ %	转换效率/ %
0	27.17	593	72.07	11.61
246	31.16	572	72.27	12.88
371	31.38	558	70.52	12.71
617	32.55	551	64.27	11.53
938	33.98	544	53.22	9.83

图13 PEDOT:PSS/Si杂化太阳电池在不同SiNWs长度下的光谱特性

Fig. 13 Spectral characteristics of PEDOT:PSS/Si hybrid solar cell with different SiNWs lengths

图14 6组PEDOT:PSS/Si杂化太阳电池在不同SiNWs长度下的电学输出参数分布

Fig. 14 Electrical output parameter distributions of six groups of PEDOT:PSS/Si hybrid solar cells with different SiNWs lengths

参考文献 31

1	LIU R， LEE S T， SUN B ．13.8% efficiency hybrid Si/organic heterojunction solar cells with MoO₃ film as antireflection and inversion induced layer[J]．Advanced Materials，2014，26(34)：6007-6012． doi:10.1002/adma.201402076
2	WEI W R， TSAI M L， HO S T，et al ．Above-11%- efficiency organic-inorganic hybrid solar cells with omnidirectional harvesting characteristics by employing hierarchical photon-trapping structures[J]．Nano Letters，2013，13(8)：3658-3663． doi:10.1021/nl401540h
3	LIU Y， SUN N， LIU J，et al ．Integrating a silicon solar cell with a triboelectric nanogenerator via a mutual electrode for harvesting energy from sunlight and raindrops[J]．ACS Nano，2018，12(3)：2893-2899． doi:10.1021/acsnano.8b00416
4	GREEN M A ．Self-consistent optical parameters of intrinsic silicon at 300 K including temperature coefficients[J]．Solar Energy Materials and Solar Cells，2008，92(11)：1305-1310． doi:10.1016/j.solmat.2008.06.009
5	GREEN M A， KEEVERS M J ．Optical properties of intrinsic silicon at 300 K[J]．Progress in Photovoltaics：Research and Applications，1995，3(3)：189-192． doi:10.1002/pip.4670030303
6	SCHINKE C， CHRISTIAN PEEST P， SCHMIDT J，et al ．Uncertainty analysis for the coefficient of band-to-band absorption of crystalline silicon[J]．AIP Advances，2015，5(6)：67168． doi:10.1063/1.4923379
7	KIM D R， LEE C H， RAO P M，et al ．Hybrid Si microwire and planar solar cells：passivation and characterization[J]．Nano Letters，2011，11(7)：2704-2708． doi:10.1021/nl2009636
8	WANG H P， LIN T Y， HSU C W，et al ．Realizing high-efficiency omnidirectional n-type Si solar cells via the hierarchical architecture concept with radial junctions[J]．ACS Nano，2013，7(10)：9325-9335． doi:10.1021/nn404015y
9	HE J， YANG Z， LIU P，et al ．Hybrid solar cells：enhanced electro-optical properties of nanocone/nanopillar dual-structured arrays for ultrathin silicon/organic hybrid solar cell applications[J]．Advanced Energy Materials，2016，6(8)：70048． doi:10.1002/aenm.201670048
10	WANG F， ZHANG X， WANG L，et al ．Pyramidal texturing of silicon surface via inorganic-organic hybrid alkaline liquor for heterojunction solar cells[J]．Journal of Power Sources，2015，293：698-705． doi:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2015.05.124
11	LIU R， SUN T， LIU J，et al ．Hybrid silicon honeycomb/organic solar cells with enhanced efficiency using surface etching[J]．Nanotechnology，2016，27(25)：254006． doi:10.1088/0957-4484/27/25/254006
12	JEONG S， GARNETT E C， WANG S，et al ．Hybrid silicon nanocone-polymer solar cells[J]．Nano Letters，2012，12(6)：2971-2976． doi:10.1021/nl300713x
13	PARK K T， KIM H J， PARK M J，et al ．13.2% efficiency Si nanowire/PEDOT：PSS hybrid solar cell using a transfer-imprinted Au mesh electrode[J]．Scientific Reports，2015，5：12093． doi:10.1038/srep12093
14	李英峰，张涛，张衡，等．太阳能光伏光热高效综合利用技术[J]．发电技术，2022，43(3)：373-391. doi:10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.22052
	LI Y F， ZHANG T， ZHANG H，et al ．Efficient and comprehensive photovoltaic/photothermal utilization technologies for solar energy[J]．Power Generation Technology，2022，43(3)：373-391． doi:10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.22052
15	ZHANG J， ZHANG Y， ZHANG F，et al ．Electrical characterization of inorganic-organic hybrid photovoltaic devices based on silicon-poly (3，4-ethylenedioxythiophene)：poly (styrenesulfonate)[J]．Applied Physics Letters，2013，102(1)：1991． doi:10.1063/1.4773368
16	HE L，RUSLI， JIANG C，et al ．Simple approach of fabricating high efficiency Si nanowire/conductive polymer hybrid solar cells[J]．IEEE Electron Device Letters，2011，32(10)：1406-1408． doi:10.1109/led.2011.2162222
17	LIANG Z， SU M， WANG H，et al ．Characteristics of a silicon nanowires/PEDOT：PSS heterojunction and its effect on the solar cell performance[J]．ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces，2015，7(10)：5830-5836． doi:10.1021/am508879b
18	DUAN Z， LI M， CHONTO T M ．Effective light absorption using the double-sided pyramid gratings for thin-film silicon solar cell[J]．Nanoscale Research Letters，2018，13(1)：192． doi:10.1186/s11671-018-2607-1
19	CHATTOPADHYAY S， HUANG Y F， JEN Y J，et al ．Anti-reflecting and photonic nanostructures[J]．Materials Science and Engineering，2010，69(1/2/3)：1-35． doi:10.1016/j.mser.2010.04.001
20	RAUT H K， GANESH V A， NAIR A S，et al ．Anti-reflective coatings：a critical，in-depth review[J]．Energy & Environmental Science，2011，4(10)：3779-3804． doi:10.1039/c1ee01297e
21	DUAN Z， LI M， MWENYA T，et al ．Effective light absorption and its enhancement factor for silicon nanowire-based solar cell[J]．Applied Optics，2016，55(1)：117-121． doi:10.1364/ao.55.000117
22	CHEN C W， HSIAO S Y， CHEN C Y，et al ．Optical properties of organometal halide perovskite thin films and general device structure design rules for perovskite single and tandem solar cells[J]．Journal of Materials Chemistry A，2015，3(17)：9152-9159． doi:10.1039/c4ta05237d
23	LI Y， LI M， SONG D，et al ．Broadband light-concentration with near-surface distribution by silver capped silicon nanowire for high-performance solar cells[J]．Nano Energy，2015，11：756-764． doi:10.1016/j.nanoen.2014.11.054
24	LI Y， LI M， LI R，et al ．Linear length-dependent light-harvesting ability of silicon nanowire[J]．Optics Communications，2015，355：6-9． doi:10.1016/j.optcom.2015.06.027
25	GAO Z， LIN G， ZHENG Y，et al ．Excellent light-capture capability of trilobal SiNW for ultra-high JSC in single-nanowire solar cells[J]．Photonics Research，2020，8(6)：995-1001． doi:10.1364/prj.385867
26	GAO Z， GAO T， CHEN Y，et al ．Silicon nanowire design for ultrahigh extinction by dipole near-field interaction in transparent solar cells[J]．The Journal of Physical Chemistry C，2021，125(7)：3781-3792． doi:10.1021/acs.jpcc.0c11588
27	GAO Z， GENG Q， WANG Z，et al ．Helical SiNW design with a dual-peak response for broadband scattering in translucent solar cells[J]．Materials Advances，2022，3(2)：953-961． doi:10.1039/d1ma00988e
28	岳晓鹏，赵兴，闫慧琳，等．基于SnO₂电子传输层的n-i-p型钙钛矿太阳能电池关键技术研究[J]．发电技术，2023，44(1)：63-77．
	YUE X P， ZHAO X， YAN H L，et al ．Research of key technologies for n-i-p perovskite solar cells with SnO₂ electron transport layer[J]．Power Generation Technology，2023，44(1)：63-77．
29	CHEN L， GAO Z， ZHENG Y，et al ．14.1% efficiency hybrid planar-Si/organic heterojunction solar cells with SnO₂ insertion layer[J]．Solar Energy，2018，174：549-555． doi:10.1016/j.solener.2018.09.035
30	GAO T， GENG Q， GAO Z，et al ．Improving junction quality via modifying the Si surface to enhance the performance of PEDOT：PSS/Si hybrid solar cells[J]．ACS Applied Energy Materials，2021，4(11)：12543-12551． doi:10.1021/acsaem.1c02338
31	GENG Q， WANG Z， GAO Z，et al ．Phase separation to improve the conductivity and work function of the PEDOT：PSS solution for silicon hybrid solar cells[J]．The Journal of Physical Chemistry C，2021，125(48)：26379-26388． doi:10.1021/acs.jpcc.1c08816

基于硅纳米线的PEDOT:PSS/Si杂化太阳电池结构优化及实验研究

Structure Optimization and Experimental Study of PEDOT:PSS/Si Hybrid Solar Cells With SiNWs

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

可视化

摘要/Abstract

引用本文

使用本文

图/表 19

参考文献 31

相关文章 1

编辑推荐

Metrics

本文评价