生物质气化耦合发电体系的合成气组分与能量分析

doi:10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.22164

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

碳达峰碳减排目标实现过程中，充分挖掘生物质耦合发电是一项关键举措。通过Aspen Plus软件对生物质气化耦合发电体系中的气化过程进行了建模分析，重点研究了当量比和环境压力对合成气气体组分的影响，并结合计算结果探讨了合成气热值及能量的变化规律。结果表明，随着当量比的增加，H₂体积分数由19.47%单调降低至5.19%；CO体积分数在当量比为0.3附近达到最大值22%；CH₄体积分数随着当量比的增加呈现单调降低的状态，从1.3%降至0。依托理论研究的成果，合成气体热值的曲线与CO和H₂表现出相同的变化规律，在当量比0.3~0.35时达到最高值，然后快速下降。考虑到带入炉膛的能量还有气体显焓，提出了一种热值+显焓的合成气能量评价方式，其在当量比为0.35时达到最大值，也是生物质耦合气化系统的最优当量比区间。

关键词: 耦合发电, 生物质气化, 当量比, 合成气热值, 能量分析

Abstract:

To achieve the carbon emission reduction target, the use of biomass to replace traditional energy is a key measure. The gasification process in the biomass gasification coupled power generation system was modeled and analyzed by Aspen Plus. The influence of equivalence ratio and ambient pressure on the composition of syngas gas was investigated, and the variation law of calorific value and energy of syngas was discussed based on the calculation results. The results show that the volume fraction of H₂ shows a monotonically decreasing trend with the increase of the equivalence ratio, from 19.47% to 5.19%. The CO volume fraction reaches a maximum value of about 22% near the equivalence ratio of 0.3. The volume fraction of CH₄ shows a monotonically decreasing state with the increase of equivalence ratio, from 1.3% to 0. Relying on the results of theoretical research, the gas calorific value curve shows the same change rule as CO and H₂, and reaches the highest value when the equivalence ratio is 0.3. In the range of 0.3-0.35, the overall change is not obvious and then declines. Considering the energy brought into the furnace and the sensible enthalpy of the gas, a synthesis gas energy evaluation method of calorific value + sensible enthalpy was proposed, which reaches the maximum value when the equivalence ratio is about 0.35.

Key words: coupled power generation, biomass gasification, equivalence ratio, calorific value, energy analysis

中图分类号:

TK 6

郑妍, 姚宣, 陈训强. 生物质气化耦合发电体系的合成气组分与能量分析[J]. 发电技术, 2023, 44(6): 859-864.

Yan ZHENG, Xuan YAO, Xunqiang CHEN. Analysis of Syngas Components and Energy in Biomass Gasification Coupled Power Generation System[J]. Power Generation Technology, 2023, 44(6): 859-864.

图/表 6

图1 气化反应过程流程图

Fig. 1 Gasification reaction process flow chart

表1 生物质工业、元素分析结果

Tab. 1 Biomass industry and elemental analysis results

检测项目		数值
全水分质量分数/%		7.90
工业分析	干燥基灰分质量分数/%	7.06
	干燥基挥发分质量分数/%	68.80
	干燥基固定碳质量分数/%	24.14
元素分析	干燥无灰基碳质量分数/%	54.72
	干燥无灰基氢质量分数/%	5.05
	干燥无灰基氧质量分数/%	32.95
	干燥无灰基氮质量分数/%	0.40
	干燥无灰基硫质量分数/%	0.25
发热量	收到基低位发热量/(MJ/kg)	14.02
灰成分分析	w(SiO₂)/%	57.50
	w(Al₂O₃)/%	0.67
	w(Fe₂O₃)/%	1.09
	w(CaO/%	10.61
	w(MgO)/%	4.17
	w(TiO₂)/%	0.13
	w(SO₃)/%	2.73
	w(P₂O₅)/%	ND
	w(K₂O)/%	16.53
	w(Na₂O)/%	2.49

图2 气态组分随当量比的变化

Fig. 2 Variation of gaseous components with equivalence ratio

图3 气态组分随气体压力的变化

Fig. 3 Variation of gaseous components with gas pressure

图4 合成气热值及能量随当量比的变化规律

Fig. 4 Variation of calorific value and energy of syngas with equivalence ratio

图5 合成气热值及能量随压力的变化规律

Fig. 5 Variation of calorific value and energy of syngas with pressure

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