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Effect of Carbon Capture Technology Application on Peak Shaving Capacity of Coal-Fired Units AI Introduction
Abstract：ObjectivesThe mechanism of the impact of carbon capture technology on the peaking capacity of coal-fired power plants was analyzed, and the impact on the carbon capture technology on the power generation efficiency of coal-fired power plants was quantified.MethodsA typical coal-fired power plant was used as an example, and a post-combustion carbon capture scheme was selected. The simulation model of the conventional coal-fired thermal power unit and the carbon capture power plant was constructed by EBSILON software. The operation interval of the carbon capture power plant was derived. A comparative analysis of the operation of the carbon capture power plant and the conventional coal-fired power plant was conducted, and the variation in peaking performance was investigated.ResultsThe equivalent output power of the carbon capture power plant decreased by 1%-2%, the net output power decreased by 20%-30%, and the net efficiency of the whole field decreased by 8%-10% compared with the conventional coal-fired power plant.ConclusionsThe addition of a carbon capture system allows the plant to gain greater downward peaking depth and faster peaking response, although it reduces efficiency.Keywords：carbon capture, utilization and storage(CCUS);coal-fired power plants;carbon capture power plants;peak shaving70|298|5<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-15Research on Deep Peak Shaving Performance of 1 000 MW Ultra-Supercritical Coal-Fired Boiler AI Introduction
Abstract：ObjectivesDeep peak regulation of coal-fired boilers is crucial to the stability of the future power system dominated by new energy, but there is a lack of performance and engineering applications on deep peak regulation of 1 000 MW ultra-supercritical coal-fired boilers. In order to improve the deep peak regulation capacity of 1 000 MW coal-fired boilers, a 1 000 MW coal-fired unit of a power plant is selected to carry out a wide-load high-efficiency research.MethodsFocusing on the unit load depth peak regulation load of 340 MW, the low-load stable combustion experiment and the denitrification side inlet flue gas test were carried out. In addition, the main operating parameters of the boiler, the temperature distribution of the furnace and the combustion adjustment test on the boiler side were analyzed. The combustion optimization adjustment experiment was carried out on this basis.Results1 000 MW unit has a deep peak regulation capacity of 34% rated power. The flue gas temperatures of selective catalytic reduction (SCR) denitrification inlet are basically 320-350 ℃, which meet the flue gas temperature requirements higher than 300 ℃. After the optimization and adjustment of the boiler, the modified thermal efficiency of the boiler is 94.09% (increased by 0.94%), and the coal consumption for power supply is reduced by 3.27 g/(kW⋅h). The NOx at the inlet of SCR denitrification is basically 180-260 mg/m3 (decreased by about 30 mg/m3), and meet the requirements of less than 300 mg/m3.ConclusionsThe research results are helpful to improve the safety, economy and environmental properties of low-load operation of 1 000 MW coal-fired thermal power units.Keywords：coal-fired power generation;coal-fired boiler;deep peak regualtion;low load;stable combustion experiment;combustion optimization adjust;ultra-supercritical unit79|209|2<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-15Analysis on Peak Regulation Characteristics of Thermal Power Units With Integrated Heat Storage Device AI Introduction
Abstract：ObjectivesWith the intervention of new energy, the uncertainty and volatility problems of new energy output have been shown. In order to make up for the shortcomings of new energy output, thermal power units have assumed the role of peak regulation. In order to improve the peak-load capacity of thermal power units, the peak-load characteristics were studied.MethodsFirstly, a 350 MW heating unit was taken as the analysis object. The simulation software was used to build the thermal system model, and the accuracy of the model was verified. Secondly, with the heat storage system as the auxiliary system, the peak-load capacity of the unit under the condition of meeting the heating demand was studied, and the influence of energy storage units such as heat storage on the peak-load capacity of the unit was analyzed. Finally, the heuristic particle swarm optimization algorithm was used to optimize the operation strategy of the storage tank, and the optimal operation mode of the storage tank changing with the heat load was obtained.ResultsThe peak regulation and heating capacity of the unit can be effectively improved by coupling the storage water tank with the unit, and the operation mode can be determined according to the actual heat load data to maximize the benefit.ConclusionsThis method has guiding significance to the operation strategy of the unit.Keywords：thermal power unit;heat storage system;simulation and modeling;peak regulation;integrated heat storage device38|94|0<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-15Research and Application of Deep Peak Shaving of 350 MW Supercritical Fluidized Bed Unit AI Introduction
Abstract：ObjectivesIn order to master the deep peak shaving capability of supercritical circulating fluidized bed units and scientifically participate in the auxiliary service market, it is necessary to conduct in-depth research on the deep peak shaving performance of existing units.MethodsFrom the three dimensions of safety, economy and environmental protection, 40% and 30% of rated load continuous trial operation, boiler combustion optimization adjustment, boiler efficiency and steam turbine heat consumption rate performance tests were carried out, respectively.More than 10 optimization measures such as single pump operation of feed water pump, pressure curve optimization, boiler oxygen amount, bed pressure adjustment, etc., were implemented.ResultsThe continuous operation of 30% rated load for 12 consecutive days was realized, 40% and 30% rated load depth peak-monasizing the peaks affected coal consumption by about 52%, 72 g/(kW·h), respectively.ConclusionsThe 350 MW supercritical circulating fluidized bed unit has good deep peak shaving ability. There is no need to transform 30% rated load conditions, and inject oil to stabilize combustion and maintain high efficiency of the boiler. Monitoring parameters for the steam turbine generator unit body, thermal system and auxiliary equipment are normal. The main flue gas pollutants are ultra-low emission.Keywords：circulating fluidized bed;deep peak shaving;operation optimization;flexibility retrofit;safety;economy48|117|4<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-15An Advanced Fuzzy Control Strategy for Hybrid Energy Storage Systems Considering Smoothing of Wind Power Fluctuations at Future Moments AI Introduction
Abstract：ObjectivesThe existing hybrid energy storage system control strategy finds it difficult to maintain the state of charge (SOC) within a reasonable range while also meeting the advanced charging and discharging needs due to future wind power fluctuations. Therefore, a new advanced fuzzy control strategy for hybrid energy storage systems was proposed, which takes into account the smoothing of future wind power fluctuations.MethodsFirstly, the wind power needing to be smoothed by different types of energy storage devices was decomposed using the ensemble empirical mode decomposition (EEMD) method. Secondly, the power correction parameter was adjusted according to the SOC and power saturation level of the hybrid energy storage system to correct its output power. Thirdly, the wind power prediction algorithm was used to obtain the predicted value of wind power in the forward-looking cycle. The advance charging and discharging parameters were adjusted to correct the output power of the energy storage system based on the wind power fluctuations in the forward-looking cycle and the over-advance control theory. Finally, taking the actual data of a wind farm as an example, the validity of the proposed forward-looking fuzzy control strategy was validated through simulation.ResultsThe proposed control strategy can not only reduce the over-limit probability of wind power grid-connected fluctuation, significantly reduce the deviation between the total output power and the target power, but also maintain the SOC of the hybrid energy storage system within a reasonable range.ConclusionsThis strategy can provide a useful reference for research related to smoothing wind power fluctuations.Keywords：wind power;hybrid energy storage system;fuzzy control;advanced control39|169|14<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-15Grid-Connected Power Fluctuation Suppression and Energy Storage Optimization Configuration of Photovoltaic-Energy Storage System AI Introduction
Abstract：ObjectivesBattery energy storage system is one of the effective means to ensure the reliability of photovoltaic (PV) power generation system and improve the utilization rate of PV power generation. However, there are some problems in the PV-energy storage power station, such as the difficulty of power fluctuation suppression and the unreasonable configuration of energy storage capacity. In order to solve these problems, relevant research was carried out.MethodsFor energy-based battery energy storage, the characteristics of scheduling mode and autonomous mode were analyzed, and a power-limited suppression strategy of PV-energy storage system based on energy storage operation in scheduling mode was proposed to realize power suppression and reduce the frequency of energy storage charge/discharge switching. The optimization objective of minimizing abandoned power losses in the PV-energy storage system was established, with constraints such as the probability of power fluctuation exceeding the limit. An algorithm was used to solve and optimize the energy storage configuration. Taking the 50 MW Sangzhuzi PV-energy storage power station in Langming, Tibet as an example, the effectiveness of the proposed grid-connected power suppression strategy was validated.ResultsThe proposed grid-connected power suppression strategy can reduce the probability of power fluctuation exceeding the limit from 25.64% to 6.41% without increasing the frequency of energy storage charge/discharge switching. When the probability of grid-connected power fluctuation exceeding the limit is 5%, the optimal configuration for the energy storage system of the power station is determined to be 14.5 MW/94 MW⋅h.ConclusionsThe proposed power fluctuation suppression strategy and energy storage optimization configuration method can provide technical reference for the optimal design and operation of grid-connected PV-energy storage system.Keywords：photovoltaic power generation;photovoltaic-energy storage system;battery energy storage system;fluctuation suppression;optimization configuration95|299|12<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-15Optimal Control Strategy of Peak Shaving of Flow Battery Energy Storage System Under High Wind Power Permeability AI Introduction
Abstract：ObjectivesUnder the background of the “dual carbon” target, the safety and economic problems of peak shaving caused by the construction of high wind power penetration system are urgent to be solved.MethodsBy using the solution of peak shaving and valley filling of battery energy storage system, a peak shaving optimization control method for zinc-bromine flow battery (ZBB) energy storage taking into account both technology and economy was proposed. According to the actual battery device, the structure analysis and the mathematical model construction of ZBB energy storage were carried out. Considering the technical effects of peak shaving, and taking the minimum standard deviation of load curve after peak shaving as the objective function, a bidirectional optimization control strategy for energy storage considering peak shaving effects was proposed. On this basis, according to the time of use (TOU) policy of the power grid, taking the technical and economic optimization as the objective function, an economic model of energy storage peak shaving based on the TOU price mechanism was proposed, and the optimal power timing results for energy storage were obtained. Finally, taking the load and wind power data of a certain area in Northeast China as an example, the effectiveness of the proposed strategy was verified by comparison.ResultsCompared with the original load, the proposed strategy reduces the daily average load peak-valley difference and peak-valley difference rate by 35.973% and 34.205%, respectively, and improves the peak shaving economic optimization by 5.582%. In addition, the problem of wind curtailment in the power grid is alleviated.ConclusionsThe proposed strategy achieves a certain peak shaving effect while maintaining a good peak shaving economy throughout its life cycle.Keywords：energy storage;wind power;flow battery;peak shaving;bidirectional optimization;optimal control81|413|11<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-15Multi-Machine Cooperative Control Strategy of Wind Farm Participating in Power Grid Frequency Modulation AI Introduction
Abstract：ObjectivesConsidering the difference of primary frequency regulation ability of wind turbines under different wind conditions in wind farms, the evaluation method of frequency regulation capability of wind turbines was optimized on the basis of sag control and inertia control strategy.MethodsAn improved multi-unit frequency modulation reference power cooperative control strategy was proposed.ResultsThe introduction of multi-unit cooperative control method can effectively improve the distribution of frequency modulation reference power among units, thus effectively adjust the degree of each unit participating in the primary frequency regulation of the system. An improved cooperative control strategy was introduced on the basis of inertia control and sag control. According to the operation state of the unit under the actual wind condition, the reference power of the unit which can effectively participate in the primary frequency modulation was evaluated. The introduction of frequency modulation capability coefficient can realize the energy distribution of the reference value of frequency modulation power among units.ConclusionsThe cooperative control strategy can effectively protect the speed of wind turbine and improve the frequency response of power grid.Keywords：wind farm;primary frequency modulation;cooperative control;integrated control;speed protection76|542|14<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-15
Flexible Power Generation Technology
- Abstract：ObjectivesCalculate the carbon emission efficiency of listed thermal power companies, compare and analyze the reasons why the efficiency ranks at the bottom and the top driving factors, group thermal power companies according to different conditions, and explore the influencing factors of efficiency differences.MethodsBased on the improved three-stage undesirable-slack based measure (SBM)-data envelopment analysis (DEA) model to more accurately measure the total-factor carbon emission efficiency of China listed thermal power companies during 2016-2022.ResultsThe carbon emission efficiency of listed thermal power companies rises annually and lowers when the effects of the external environment are taken into account. The increasing environmental subsidies from government may lead to excessive investment of capital, personnel and coal consumption in the thermal power companies. The increasing in regional R&D investment has a beneficial impact on company assets, personnel, and coal consumption. The most effective utilization of company assets and employees management will be promoted by a better regional economic level, but wasteful consumption of coal for power generation will occur.ConclusionsThe listed thermal power companies with central control, low coal consumption rate and carbon emissions trading have higher technology gap rate and better overall carbon emission efficiency.Keywords：improved three-stage undesirable-slack based measure (SBM)-data envelopment analysis (DEA);Malmquist index;listed thermal power company;carbon emission efficiency72|83|3<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-15
Study on CO2 Absorption and Regeneration Property of Flue Gas From Methyldiethanolamine-Amine Mixture System AI Introduction
Abstract：ObjectivesThe absorption and regeneration properties of different formulations of methyldiethanolamine (MDEA) mixed with different diamines were studied.MethodsIn the simulated flue gas environment with 12% CO2 and 88% N2, MDEA was used as the main agent, while ethylenediamine (EDA), 1,3-diaminopropane (DAP), N-methyl-1,3-propanediamine (MAPA), aminoethylethano-lamine (AEEA), N,N-dimethylethylenediamine (DMEDA) and 3-dimethylaminopropylamine (DMPDA) were added as activators, respectively. Under a total amine concentration of 40%, the chemical absorbent was configured with mass ratios of main agent to activator of 1∶1, 2∶1 and 3∶1, respectively. The absorption rate, regeneration rate and circulation capacity of different absorbers were determined by comparing bubble absorption and oil bath regeneration experiments.ResultsMDEA-EDA system has the best absorption property when the mass ratio of MDEA to EDA is 1∶1. The MDEA-DMEDA system has the best regeneration property when the mass ratio of MDEA to DMEDA is 2∶1, with a circulation capacity reaching 1.7 mol/kg. The overall properties of MDEA-AEEA system are optimized when the mass ratio of MDEA to AEEA is 1∶1, with a cycle capacity reaching 1.49 mol/kg.ConclusionsThe research results can provide a theoretical basis for the formulation optimization of mixed amine solutions in industry.Keywords：carbon capture, utilization and storage (CCUS);absorption property;regeneration property;methyldiethanolamine (MDEA);diamine100|41|4<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-15
Carbon Neutrality
Structure and Control Optimization of the Buried Pipe Group Heat Exchanger With Vertical Inlet and Flat Outlet AI Introduction
Abstract：ObjectivesIn order to improve the utilization efficiency of shallow geothermal energy, it is urgent to optimize the structure and control of ground heat exchanger, which affects the performance of ground source heat pump system.MethodsA model of the buried pipe group heat exchanger with vertical inlet and flat outlet was established. Based on heat exchange system performance, the optimal structure and operation control mode were explored.ResultsThe heat transfer per unit area increases with the decreasing of transverse longitudinal ratio of the pipe group arrangement. The effect is small when the transverse longitudinal ratio exceeds 0.15. The smaller the heat exchanger spacing is, the higher the soil utilization rate is, but the greater the thermal short-circuit loss is. Compared with the double-row single-outlet type, the heat exchange per linear meter of the double-row double-outlet type buried pipe is increased by more than 7%. The fork arrangement is better when the load is larger. The average outlet temperature of optimization structure in the whole summer is decreased by 2.28 ℃, and the soil temperature around the heat exchanger is decreased by more than 1℃. In the actual operation process, the control mode of the flow rate changing with load should be given priority.ConclusionsThe research results can provide a theoretical basis for the design and manufacture of ground source heat pump heat exchanger.Keywords：ground source heat pump;underground pipe group;heat exchanger;thermal short circuit;control mode47|69|1<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-15Characteristics Research of a Micro-Tubular Solid Oxide Fuel Cell System Based on Catalytic Partial Oxidation of Propane AI Introduction
Abstract：ObjectivesA portable solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC) system includes a gas supply module, a fuel processing module, an SOFC power generation module, a thermal management module, an exhaust treatment module and a control module. There is a complex coupling relationship between the fuel processing module and the SOFC power generation module. Clarifying the coupling characteristics between them is crucial for improving system performance and operating time.MethodsThe effects of temperature, the carbon-to-oxygen ratio and other factors on the performance of catalytic partial oxidation (CPOx) of propane with Rh as catalyst were analyzed, and the coupling performance of CPOx and SOFC stack was further tested.ResultsWith the increasing of fuel flow rate, the reforming efficiency first increases and then decreases. The most suitable flow rate is 100 or 150 mL/min. An increase in temperature can continuously improve the reforming efficiency, but the improvement in reforming efficiency at high temperatures caused by an increase in temperature gradually decreases. The optimal C/O ratio obtained from the experiment is 1.0. Under the optimal operating conditions, the output power of SOFC stack reaches 8.38 W.ConclusionsUnder the conditions of propane flow rate of 150 min-1, carbon and oxygen mole fraction ratio of 1.0, and operating temperature of 800 ℃, the coupling performance between SOFC stack and CPOx is the best, the portable propane power generation system can generate 150 W of power with a volume of 12 L.Keywords：portable power generation equipment;solid oxide fuel cell (SOFC);catalytic partial oxidation (CPOx);propane;coupling characteristics86|245|2<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-15Preparation and Performance Analysis of High Performance Cathode Material Graphene-Mesoporous Carbon Composites for Lithium-Ion Capacitor AI Introduction
Abstract：ObjectivesThe lithium-ion capacitor (LIC) composite cathode materials with both high mass activity and high volume activity were designed.MethodsBy scanning electron microscope, transmission electron microscope, Kanta fully automatic specific surface and pore size analyzer, and four-probe tester, the micromorphology, stacking mode, contact mode and interface characteristics between particles were analyzed for the impact of conductivity and electrical properties of composite electrodes.ResultsMesoporous activated carbon (MC) and monodisperse graphene/single-walled carbon nanotube hybrid (GNH) were mixed, followed by compressing tightly to prepare the lithium-ion capacitor cathode material. GNH were uniformly wrapped around the surface of MC particles with face-to-face connection, which increases the contact area. Then, the even 3D conductive network constructed by GNH among the individual MC particles provided high electrical conductivity and accelerated electron conduction. In addition, GNH were located at the high ion concentration side due to their exohedral surface structure. Meanwhile, a contact potential difference effect existed between GNH (the easy conductive one) and MC (the poor conductive one). This produced rapid ion and electron dual transport channels at the interface between GNH and MC, and boosted ion diffusion in the porous structure inside MC particles. It will help avoid the loss of capacity from slow ion diffusion at higher current densities.ConclusionsThe addition of 5% GNH brings about outstanding rate performance, and higher mass and volumetric energy density, but does not reduce the packing density.Keywords：electrochemical energy storage;mesoporous activated carbon;graphene;lithium-ion capacitor;contact potential difference77|69|0<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-15
New Energy
Performance Analysis of Heat Storage and Release Process for a Shell-and-Tube Phase Change Heat Exchanger AI Introduction
Abstract：ObjectivesThe influence of different placements of phase change heat exchangers on the phase change process was investigated, and the simplified mode of multi-tube heat exchangers was further analyzed.MethodsBased on the enthalpy-porosity method, a calculation model for the melting and solidification process of the shell-and-tube paraffin heat exchanger was established, and the phase change process of paraffin outside the single-tube was investigated under horizontal and vertical placements. The effects of single-tube heat exchanger and multi-tube heat exchanger with straight and staggered rows on the melting and solidification process were compared, respectively.ResultsFull melting time of horizontal single-tube heat exchanger is 18% shorter than that of vertical, but the difference of full solidification time between the two is not significant. Unlike the melting process, the solidification process uses heat conduction as the main mode of heat transfer, so it is relatively slow, and the full solidification time is increased by more than 20% compared to the same period of full melting time. The time required for the melting and solidification process of multi-tube heat exchanger is slightly longer than that of the single-tube heat exchanger, but its increase in time is not more than 10%, and its melting and solidification rate curve is basically consistent with that of single-tube. Through further study, it is found that when the volume of paraffin wraps around each tube in the multi-tube heat exchanger and the wrapping method is the same, different arrangement methods of the multi-tube heat exchanger would not affect the melting and solidification process.ConclusionsCompared with the vertical placement, the horizontal placement can effectively enhance the melting rate of paraffin outside the single-tube, and the enhancement effect of the melting process is more obvious than that of the solidification process. In addition, when analyzing the performance of the melting and solidification process of the multi-tube heat exchanger, the single-tube or part of the periodic tube can be used for simplification.Keywords：solar energy;phase change heat exchanger;heat release;heat transfer;numerical simulation39|397|2<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-15- Abstract：ObjectivesEnergy is an important physical basis for economic and social development in modern world. Accompanied by the gradual depletion of traditional energy sources, the collection and utilization of renewable energy sources has become significant. Dielectric elastomer is a new soft intelligent material with electromechanical bidirectional coupling characteristics, which can be used to make the dielectric elastomer generator to generate electricity.MethodsA circular dielectric elastomer generator was designed and fabricated firstly. Then, by analyzing its workflow, generator theory and energy conversion mechanism, the mathematical model of the circular dielectric elastomer generator was established to describe the relationship between its power generation performance and the bias voltage, external load and pre-stretching multiplier. Finally, the validity of the established mathematical model was verified by practical experiments.ResultsThe increase of pre-stretching multiplier, stretching displacement and bias voltage can help to improve the power generation performance of the circular dielectric elastomer generator.ConclusionsThis work provides the guidance for the design of dielectric elastomer generators.Keywords：dielectric elastomer generator;energy collection;power generation performance;bias voltage;pre-stretch35|89|1<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-15
Study on the Characteristics of Heavy Metal Lead in Desulfurization Sludge Solidified by Coal-Fired Fly Ash in Power Plant AI Introduction
Abstract：ObjectivesThe enrichment of heavy metals in desulphurization sludge of coal-fired power plant is significant, so it is necessary to reduce the content of heavy metals in desulfurization sludge.MethodsThis paper put forward the idea of solidifying heavy metals in desulfurization sludge with fly ash from power plants and compared with common curing agents.ResultsAmong cement, fly ash, chelating agent DTC (dithiocarbamate) and chelating agent TMT-15 (trisodium thiocyanate), fly ash has the best solidification effect on lead in desulfurization sludge. The solidification efficiency of different fly ash and desulfurization sludge is between 40% and 100%. The mechanism analysis shows that, similar to cement, the chemical composition of fly ash mainly contains SiO2, Al2O3, CaO and Fe2O3, etc., which can react with desulfurization sludge to generate hydration products such as hydrated calcium silicate C-S-H and ettringite, etc. It is beneficial to the solidification of heavy metals. The products can adsorb heavy metals such as lead.ConclusionsIt can be seen that adding a certain proportion of fly ash into the desulfurization sludge of coal-fired power plants can realize the solidification and stability of lead, which provides a method for reducing the desulfurization sludge from dangerous solid waste to general solid waste.Keywords：coal-fired power plants;desulfurized sludge;fly ash;stable solidification56|223|3<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-15Experimental Study on the Air Gasification Characteristics of Agricultural and Forestry Waste in a Circulating Fluidized Bed AI Introduction
Abstract：ObjectivesThe effects of biomass types on the air gasification characteristics of circulating fluidized bed under different parameters were investigated, so as to provide relevant data reference for biomass circulating fluidized bed gasification technology with wide fuel adaptability and biomass gasification coupled coal-fired power generation technology.MethodsAn experimental study of air gasification with air equivalent ratio (ER) and gasification temperature as parameters and agricultural and forestry waste (rice husk, sawdust, corn stalk and rice straw) as feedstock, was carried out on a small atmospheric circulating fluidized bed.ResultsThe change patterns of syngas components for rice husk, sawdust, corn stalk and rice straw at different air equivalent ratios are basically the same. When the air equivalent ratio increases, both the low calorific value and cold gas efficiency of syngas for rice husk, sawdust, corn stalk and rice straw have an increasing-decreasing trend. For the rice husk, sawdust and corn stalk, ER=0.20 is the optimum operating condition, and the highest cold gas efficiency is respectively 46.19%, 38.07%, and 38.07%. However, for rice straw, ER=0.25 is the optimum operating condition, and the maximum cold gas efficiency can reach 39.55 %. The change patterns of the three combustible gases (CH4, CO, H2) in the syngas components for rice husk, sawdust, corn stalk and rice straw is also consistent at different gasification temperatures. When the gasification temperature increases, the low calorific value and cold gas efficiency of syngas for rice husk, sawdust, corn stalk and rice straw also show an increasing-decreasing trend. For rice husk and corn stalk, T=750 ℃ is the optimum operating condition, and the highest cold gas efficiency is respectively 46.19% and 37.71%. However, for sawdust and rice straw, T=760 ℃ is the optimum operating condition, and the maximum cold gas efficiency can reach respectively 38.07% and 37.56%.ConclusionsIt can provide relevant data reference for biomass circulating fluidized bed gasification technology with wide fuel adaptability and biomass gasification coupled coal-fired power generation technology.Keywords：agricultural and forestry waste;biomass;circulating fluidized bed;air gasification;air equivalent ratio91|225|0<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-15- Abstract：ObjectivesAs the main equipment of the dry cooling system, the aerodynamic performances of axial flow fans play an important role in the flow and heat transfer performances of the direct dry cooling system. Because the flow and heat transfer problems of the air-cooled island spans multiple scales in geometric dimensions, the experimental method is hard to realize while the numerical simulation method is usually used. Therefore, it is necessary to discuss and analyze the accuracy of simplified lumped parameter fan model (i. e., the simplified model) used in the previous simulation work.MethodsBased on the numerical simulation method, the real model containing the fan blade fan model (real model) model and the simplified model were both built. Under different weather conditions, the transport properties of the direct dry cooling system were studied. The comparison and analysis of the air-side pressure field and flow field distributions were conducted. Furthermore, the pressure drops and flow rate of the cooling air through the axial flow fan in each air-cooled condenser cell of the direct dry cooling system with different fan models were analyzed and compared.ResultsThe difference between the real model and the simplified model is mainly reflected for the axial flow fans with low flow rates, and the difference becomes more obvious with the increase of wind speed.ConclusionsThe results of this paper can provide reference for improving the accuracy of numerical simulation of the direct dry cooling system.Keywords：axial flow fan;real fan model;air cooling island;numerical simulation52|250|0<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-15
Power Generation and Environmental Protection
Heterogeneous Image Fusion Algorithm and Its Application in Power Facility Detection Research AI Introduction
Abstract：ObjectivesTimely and accurate detection of power facilities is very important to ensure the reliability of energy supply. However, a single sensor has certain limitations in the detection of power facilities. Therefore, a multi-scale feature heterogeneous image fusion algorithm based on saliency detection was proposed.MethodsFirstly, the edge guidance network was used to extract the salient target from the infrared image to generate the salient target mask. Secondly, a specific loss function was established in each region, and the salient target mask was used to guide the network for feature extraction. Finally, a directional heterogeneous fusion method based on feature hierarchy was proposed, which combined the depth features of different scales to minimize information loss.ResultsSubjective and objective experiments on the TNO dataset show that the algorithm is superior to other methods in most evaluation indicators, which verifies the effectiveness of its application in the field of power facilities detection.ConclusionsThe algorithm effectively solves the problems of low detection rate and information loss, and makes the detection of power facilities more comprehensive and accurate. It is of great significance to improve the accuracy and diagnostic efficiency of power equipment fault detection.Keywords：power facility detection;heterogeneous image fusion;target detection;deep learning28|116|2<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-15Research on Power Planning Based on Robust Optimization Under Carbon Trading Condition AI Introduction
Abstract：ObjectivesIt is important to improve the processing ability of uncertain parameters in power planning.MethodsA robust power planning model based on cardinality constrained uncertainty set under carbon trading condition was proposed. To reduce the degree of uncertainty, the uncertainty scenario set with cardinality constraints was constructed, and then the concept of “uncertainty budget” was introduced to redefine the best and worst scenarios. Based on duality theory, the robust model with max-min-max three-level programming structure was transformed into equivalent mixed-integer linear programming, which was solved by Baron solver in GAMS.ResultsThe cost of carbon trading can promote a lower proportion of thermal power generation and a higher proportion of renewable energy generation. When the uncertainty budget is larger, the objective function value is lower, and the decision-making style is more conservative.ConclusionsThe power planning strategy based on robust optimization under carbon trading conditions can improve the ability to handle uncertain parameters. The planning results are robust and feasible, providing decision support for decision-makers in situations of information uncertainty.Keywords：power planning;uncertainty;robust optimization;carbon price;duality theory44|258|4<HTML><L-PDF> <WORD> <Meta-XML>Updated：2025-06-15
Smart Grid
