基于频域、时域分析的新一代调相机与STATCOM对比及适用场景研究

doi:10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.20128

发电技术 ›› 2021, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (1): 69-77.DOI: 10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.20128

基于频域、时域分析的新一代调相机与STATCOM对比及适用场景研究

张一驰¹(), 李志强¹, 王喆², 周勤勇¹, 郭瑾程², 姜山³, 李宝昕², 赵刚²

¹ 电网安全与节能国家重点实验室(中国电力科学研究院有限公司), 北京市海淀区 100192
² 国网陕西省电力公司经济技术研究院, 陕西省西安市 710075
³ 国网陕西省电力公司, 陕西省西安市 710004

收稿日期:2021-01-05 出版日期:2021-02-28 发布日期:2021-03-12
作者简介:张一驰(1989)，女，硕士，工程师，研究方向为电力系统规划、电力系统安全防御，zhangyichi@epri.sgcc.com.cn
李志强(1978)，男，博士，高级工程师，研究方向为电力系统建模及参数识别
基金资助:
国家自然科学基金项目(U1766201);国网陕西省电力公司经济技术研究院技术服务项目(XTB11201805156)

Comparison and Applicability of New Generation Synchronous Condenser and STATCOM Based on Characteristic Analysis in Frequency and Time Domains

Yichi ZHANG¹(), Zhiqiang LI¹, Zhe WANG², Qinyong ZHOU¹, Jincheng GUO², Shan JIANG³, Baoxin LI², Gang ZHAO²

¹ State Key Laboratory of Power Grid Safety and Energy Conservation (China Electric Power Research Institute), Haidian District, Beijing 100192, China
² State Grid Shaanxi Electric Power Company Economic Research Institute, Xi'an 710075, Shaanxi Province, China
³ State Grid Shaanxi Electric Power Company, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China

Received:2021-01-05 Published:2021-02-28 Online:2021-03-12
Supported by:
National Natural Science Foundation of China(U1766201);Technical Service Project of State Grid Shaanxi Electric Power Company Economic Research Institute(XTB11201805156)

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

从频域和时域2个角度出发，对比研究了新一代调相机和静止同步补偿器（static synchronous compensator，STATCOM）的动态响应特性，并对不同场景下各设备的适用性进行了分析。首先，提出了一种衡量动态响应特性的有效无功电流增益指标，利用该指标对调相机和STATCOM的频域响应进行研究，对比不同系统电压波动频率下各设备的相幅频特性并分析作用效果。然后，基于我国现状及规划电网，考虑抑制系统工频及稳态过电压、降低多回直流同时换相失败风险、提升系统暂态电压稳定性等送受端电网应用需求，对2种动态无功补偿设备的时域动态特性进行对比。最后，综合分析2种动态无功补偿设备的技术优势，总结不同场景下各设备的适用性，为未来规划电网中动态无功补偿设备的优化选型提供技术支撑。

关键词: 调相机, 静止同步补偿器(STATCOM), 频域动态特性, 时域动态特性

Abstract:

The dynamic characteristics of new generation synchronous condenser and static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) were compared in both frequency and time domains in this paper, based on which their applicability under different scenes was analyzed. Firstly, an effective reactive current gain index was proposed to realize the dynamic response evaluation, via which the characteristics of two devices were studied in the frequency domain. The analyses include their effectiveness and comparison of phase and amplitude frequency characteristics under voltage fluctuation of different frequencies. Based on the current and planning power systems, their dynamic characteristics were compared in the time domain, considering the application demands for frequency and steady-state overvoltage restraining in sending-end power systems, the decreasing the possibility of simultaneous commutation failure in multiple DC lines, and the increasing transient voltage stability of receiving-end power systems. Their technical advantages and applicability under different scenes were finally analyzed and compared, to provide technical support of dynamic reactive power compensator selection in planning power systems.

Key words: synchronous condenser, static synchronous compensator (STATCOM), dynamic characteristics in frequency domain, dynamic characteristics in time domain

中图分类号:

TK01
TM727

张一驰, 李志强, 王喆, 周勤勇, 郭瑾程, 姜山, 李宝昕, 赵刚. 基于频域、时域分析的新一代调相机与STATCOM对比及适用场景研究[J]. 发电技术, 2021, 42(1): 69-77.

Yichi ZHANG, Zhiqiang LI, Zhe WANG, Qinyong ZHOU, Jincheng GUO, Shan JIANG, Baoxin LI, Gang ZHAO. Comparison and Applicability of New Generation Synchronous Condenser and STATCOM Based on Characteristic Analysis in Frequency and Time Domains[J]. Power Generation Technology, 2021, 42(1): 69-77.

图/表 11

表1 调相机和STATCOM特性对比

Tab. 1 Comparison between synchronous condenserand STATCOM

项目	调相机	STATCOM
设备类型	旋转设备，向系统提供转动惯量	静止设备
短路电流	提供	不提供
出力特性	无功输出受系统电压影响小	基本与系统电压成正比
无功类型	容性/感性	容性/感性

图1 STATCOM控制框图

Fig.1 Control model of STATCOM

图2 不同动态无功补偿相幅频特性曲线对比

Fig.2 Comparison of phase and amplitude frequency response of different dynamic reactive power compensators

图3 不同动态无功补偿KiQ曲线图

Fig.3 KiQof different dynamic reactive power compensators

图4 雅中直流1次换相失败系统运行曲线

Fig.4 Simulation curves of Yazhong DC line after single commutation failure

图5 加装动态无功补偿后直流1次换相失败系统运行曲线

Fig.5 Simulation curves after single commutation failure with dynamic reactive power compensators

图6 雅中—南昌双极闭锁故障后系统运行曲线

Fig.6 Simulation curves of after Yazhong-Nanchang bipolar block fault

表2 馈入华东电网的直流工程

Tab. 2 Multi-infeed HVDCs in East China power grid

直流名称	电压等级/kV	额定容量/MW
复龙—奉贤	±800	6 400
团林—枫泾	±500	3 000
宜都—华新	±500	3 000
葛洲坝—南桥	±500	1 200
锡盟—泰州	±800	10 000
晋北—南京	±800	8 000
锦屏—苏州	±800	7 200
龙泉—政平	±500	3 000
宜宾—金华	±800	8 000
宁东—绍兴	±800	8 000
准东—皖南	±1 100	12 000
馈入总容量		69 800

表3 不同动态无功补偿方案下直流换相失败条数统计

Tab. 3 Numbers of HVDCs with commutation failure under different schemes of dynamic reactive power compensators

故障线路名称	动态无功补偿方案
故障线路名称	无措施	调相机	STATCOM
石牌—昆南	11	8	9
龙王山—三汊湾	11	4	8
车坊—玉山	10	7	7
石牌—玉山	10	7	9
东善—龙王山	9	4	8
茅山—谏厂	9	7	9
溧阳—天目	9	6	9
岷珠—宜抽	9	4	8
江都—扬二	8	4	7
江都—仪征	4	2	3
武南—茅山	4	2	3

图7 泰州—无锡三永N-2故障后系统运行曲线

Fig.7 Simulation curves after Taizhou-Wuxi N-2 fault

图8 加装动态无功补偿设备泰州—无锡三永N-2故障后系统运行曲线

Fig.8 Simulation curves after Taizhou-Wuxi N-2 fault with dynamic reactive power compensators

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基于频域、时域分析的新一代调相机与STATCOM对比及适用场景研究

Comparison and Applicability of New Generation Synchronous Condenser and STATCOM Based on Characteristic Analysis in Frequency and Time Domains

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