超临界CO2循环冷端温度优化研究

doi:10.12096/j.2096-4528.pgt.19149

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

超临界CO₂循环冷端排出的热量温度较高，优化冷端温度对于提高循环的效率有重要作用。为了获得最佳的全年平均效率，有必要引入人工制冷，使超临界CO₂循环运行在更优化的冷端温度下。针对550℃/20MPa参数的分流再压缩方式的超临界CO₂循环，通过热力学方法，分析了自然冷却和人工制冷组合条件下，冷端温度为5~35℃的不同工况下全年平均循环效率，并对冷端温度优化方法的适用性和经济性进行了研究。选取优化的冷端温度，将自然冷却和人工制冷相结合，可提高机组的全年平均效率。对于我国北方地区，冷端温度优化方法有较佳的适用性。引入人工制冷导致机组设备投资增加，但是机组运行效率的提高带来更多的发电收入，并在机组全寿期产生可观的收入增量。

关键词: 超临界CO₂循环, 冷端优化, 循环效率, 经济性

Abstract:

Supercritical CO₂ cycle has a high cold end temperature. Optimizing the cold end temperature plays an important role in improving the cycle efficiency. In order to obtain the best annual average efficiency, it is necessary to introduce artificial refrigeration to make the supercritical CO₂ cycle run at a more optimized cold end temperature. For the supercritical CO₂ recompression cycle with parameters of 550℃/20MPa, the annual average cycle efficiency under different cold end temperature of 5 to 35℃, with the combination of natural cooling and artificial refrigeration was analyzed by thermodynamic method, and the feasibility and economic analysis of the cold end temperature optimization method were studied as well. The annual average efficiency of the unit can be improved by choosing the optimal cold end temperature and combining natural cooling with artificial refrigeration. For northern China, the cold end temperature optimization method has better feasibility. The artificial refrigeration increases the investment of unit equipment, but the improvement of operation efficiency brings more power generation revenue and moreover increases the net income of the unit during its life cycle.

Key words: supercritical CO₂ cycle, cold end optimization, cycle efficiency, economy

中图分类号:

TK02
TM61

郑开云. 超临界CO₂循环冷端温度优化研究[J]. 发电技术, 2021, 42(2): 261-266.

Kaiyun ZHENG. Study on Cold End Temperature Optimization of Supercritical CO₂ Cycle[J]. Power Generation Technology, 2021, 42(2): 261-266.

图/表 5

参考文献 18

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参数	取值
净输出功率/MW	100
透平入口温度/℃	550
透平入口压力/MPa	20
压缩机等熵效率/%	85
透平等熵效率/%	90
回热器最小温差/℃	10

参数	取值
净输出功率/MW	100
透平入口温度/℃	550
透平入口压力/MPa	20
压缩机等熵效率/%	85
透平等熵效率/%	90
回热器最小温差/℃	10

冷端温度/℃	冷端压力/MPa	分流比	制冷温度区间/℃	循环效率/%	净效率/%
5	4.0	0.47	5~29.2	50.8	38.5
8	4.3	0.465	8~33.0	50.4	38.0
11	4.7	0.46	11~35	49.9	37.5
14	5.0	0.456	14~35	49.4	37.3
17	5.4	0.45	17~35	48.9	37.0
20	5.9	0.44	20~35	48.2	36.7
23	6.2	0.435	23~35	47.8	36.8
26	6.6	0.403	26~35	46.6	38.6
29	7.1	0.415	29~35	46.4	37.8
32	7.7	0.398	32~35	45.4	39.7
35	8.0	0.356	—	44.2	—

冷端温度/℃	冷端压力/MPa	分流比	制冷温度区间/℃	循环效率/%	净效率/%
5	4.0	0.47	5~29.2	50.8	38.5
8	4.3	0.465	8~33.0	50.4	38.0
11	4.7	0.46	11~35	49.9	37.5
14	5.0	0.456	14~35	49.4	37.3
17	5.4	0.45	17~35	48.9	37.0
20	5.9	0.44	20~35	48.2	36.7
23	6.2	0.435	23~35	47.8	36.8
26	6.6	0.403	26~35	46.6	38.6
29	7.1	0.415	29~35	46.4	37.8
32	7.7	0.398	32~35	45.4	39.7
35	8.0	0.356	—	44.2	—

冷端温度/℃	最高自然冷却环境温度/℃	自然冷却时间比例门槛值/%
5	2	46.2
8	5	50.1
11	8	54.4
14	11	57.1
17	14	60.7
20	17	65.3
23	20	67.7
26	23	70.8
29	26	74.9
32	29	78.8

超临界CO₂循环冷端温度优化研究

Study on Cold End Temperature Optimization of Supercritical CO₂ Cycle

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参考文献 18

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Metrics

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冷端温度/℃	制冷量/MW	制冷机投资/万元	高温回热器功率/MW	低温回热器功率/MW	回热器投资变化/万元	设备投资变化/万元
5	96.7	5 803.0	137.2	127.9	-7 297.2	-1 494.2
8	98.4	5 901.7	151.1	128.8	-6 852.6	-950.9
11	99.5	5 968.2	170.6	129.9	-6 234.0	-265.8
14	98.5	5 908.3	184.8	131.3	-5 765.1	143.2
17	97.3	5 838.3	205.0	132.8	-5 113.0	725.3
20	95.5	5 727.7	232.0	134.7	-4 246.6	1 481.1
23	91.5	5 488.0	247.1	137.0	-3 722.5	1 765.5
26	68.6	4 115.6	256.9	147.9	-3 106.0	1 009.6
29	74.4	4 461.0	298.4	143.3	-1 997.0	2 464.0
32	50.7	3 042.2	337.3	147.7	-694.9	2 347.3
35	0	0	350.9	157.4	0	0

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